Witjastief 1

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The Mariana Trench ▲ in the Pacific Ocean
The western pacific

The Witjastief 1 (also Witjastiefe 1 , Vityaz-depth (s) 1 , Vitias Low (e) one or Vitiaz deep (e) one called) is considered the deepest known point of the Mariana Trench , the Pacific Ocean (Pacific) and the Oceans . It was named after the Soviet research vessel Vitjas (Витязь), which measured a depth of 11034  m below sea level in 1957 , but this was not confirmed by any later measurements.

In later publications, the depth is 11,022 m and the place name "Vityas-II depth" can be read.

Geographical location

The Witjastief 1 is located about 1850 km east of the Philippines in the southwestern part of the Mariana Trench, a deep trough in the western Pacific. It is located about 450 km southwest of the island of Guam , an island of the Mariana Islands that belongs to the Micronesian islands. Here the Pacific plate subducts under the smaller Philippine plate .

Deepest point in the world's oceans

For a long time, the Galatheatief in the Philippinengraben with 10,540 m depth was considered the deepest point in the oceans . Since the research cruise of Vityaz the International Geophysical Year was 1957, in which different at different points of the Pacific Ocean lows found that as a result Witjastief were named, but applies the Witjastief 1 in the Mariana Trench as the deepest point of the oceans.

There are now doubts about the measured value. Other depth measurements showed values ​​between 10,900 m and 11,000 m. The latest measurement for the Challenger Deep in 2014 showed a depth of 10,984 ± 25 m below sea level. Accordingly, this could also be the deepest known point in the world's oceans.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. a b USSR - Museum of the World Oceans , Kaliningrad: Scientific-research vessel VITYAZ. Retrieved June 21, 2016 .
  2. ^ BRD - Weltatlas , Georg Westermann Verlag, Braunschweig, 184th edition 1976, ISBN 3-14-100000-X , p. 142
  3. ^ FRG - The Great World Atlas , Cartographic Institute Bertelsmann, Berlin, Gütersloh, Leipzig, Munich, Potsdam, Werder, Stuttgart (1985), 8th edition 1992, ISBN 3 575 11773 X , p. 170
  4. ^ GDR - R. Habel (editor): Atlas for everyone . 3rd revised and expanded edition. VEB Hermann Haack Geographisch-Kartographische Anstalt, Gotha 1983, license number LSV 5139, p. 76, 86, 206 .
  5. James V. Gardner, Andrew A. Armstrong, Brian R. Calder, Jonathan Beaudoin: So, How Deep Is the Mariana Trench? , Marine Geodesy, 37: 1–13, 2014 (PDF; 572.8 KB)

Coordinates: 11 ° 19 '  N , 142 ° 15'  E