Wolfgang Schultz (philosopher)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Wolfgang Schultz , called Mondschultz , (born June 28, 1881 in Vienna , † September 24, 1936 in Munich ) was an Austro-German philosopher, writer and National Socialist who, during the Nazi era, against the resistance of the philosophical faculty at the University of Munich received a professorship for philosophy as the successor to the emigrated Richard Hönigswald .

Life

After graduation in 1899, the son of an academic painter studied philosophy and mathematics in Vienna. There were also philological and archaeological lectures. The promotion in December 1904 had the theme "The color perception system of the Hellenes ". Schultz then lived as a freelance writer and private scholar in Vienna and published some books as studies on ancient culture. From 1914 to 1920, Schultz was editor of Mitra magazine . Monthly for comparative myth research . During the First World War he was a soldier at the front. From 1918 to 1921 he was the administrator of the “Research Institute for the East and the Orient” in Vienna. After the marriage, he lived in Görlitz, Prussia, from 1922 and increasingly dealt with ideological topics and cultural comparisons. From 1929 to 1931 he published Bernard Bolzano's “Wissenschaftslehre” in four volumes.

Schultz was committed to National Socialism at an early age and joined the NSDAP on May 1, 1932 (membership no. 905.753). After the " seizure of power " he actively sought a teaching position at the University of Munich . According to his own account, he had tried to search “for the sources of the species-specific thinking of the peoples of the Nordic race” and thereby formed his own undogmatic worldview. He stated programmatically in his résumé:

“I am a National Socialist from the ground up and I know that it is about the spiritual renewal of our entire thinking in all subjects, and that hardly any other side can exert as deep an influence on it as from the philosophical chair of a large university. And I would try to develop my chair as the nucleus of a future German worldview. "

After Martin Heidegger had rejected the offer to succeed Richard Hönigswald , the Bavarian Ministry of Education asked the university to include Schultz in the new advertisement for the position. The rejection of the faculty was made with clear words:

“Such a representation of philosophy at a university of the importance of Munich would be insufficient in all respects; the faculty urges you to refrain from his appointment. "

Albert Rehm described the execution of the work on ancient culture as "monstrous" and saw in them the play of free imagination:

“Certainly there is also the right thing to do and there are approaches to fruitful problems here and there. But the good is overgrown beyond recognition by the fantastic. "

In addition to Alfred Rosenberg , a number of prominent National Socialists such as the physicist Philipp Lenard , Eva Chamberlain-Wagner and the publisher JF Lehmann campaigned for Schultz. In order to avoid a direct conflict with the faculty, Schultz was appointed substitute for the Hönigswald chair in the summer semester of 1934. It was hoped in the ministry that resistance at the university would decrease as people got used to it. In order not to overload him, Schultz only had to give a four-hour lecture in his first semester. His topic was “Basics of Species Own Thought”. On November 1, 1934, Schultz was finally appointed full professor and took over the chair he was aiming for. However, the response from the students remained low. When he became seriously ill at the beginning of the winter semester 1934/35, a substitute was dispensed with, as only six students had registered for his “Introduction to Philosophy” and only three for his “Seminar on Philosophical Questions”.

Schultz was in close contact with the Rosenberg Office and reported there on the activities in the faculty and also on the Dean Walther Wüst . January 30, 1936 he was appointed head of the (unrealized) department "Aryan Weltanschauung and Folklore" in the Rosenberg office. On April 20, 1936, he was appointed chief of the NSDAP's foreign policy department. Schultz died surprisingly as a result of an operation. The book "Basic Thoughts of a National Socialist Cultural Policy", which he largely worked out, was published posthumously and even received a second edition.

Fonts

  • The Hellenes ' color perception system , Leipzig 1904.
  • Pythagoras and Heraclitus , Leipzig / Vienna 1905.
  • Altionic mysticism , Leipzig / Vienna 1907.
  • Documents of the Gnosis , Jena 1910.
  • The view of the moon and its shapes in myth and art of the peoples , 1912.
  • The moral doctrine of Zarathustra . In: Yearbook of the Philosophical Society at the University of Vienna, Leipzig 1913, 2–41.
  • Calculation of time and world order in their matching basic features among the Indians, Iranians, Hellenes, Italians, Celts, Teutons, Lithuanians, Slavs . (= Mannus Library, Volume 35.) Leipzig 1924.
  • Animal heads with fields decorated with animals in Oseberg and Wendel. In: Mannus, Journal for German Prehistory, XVII, 1925, pp. 344–366.
  • Wang Church. In: Schlesische Monatshefte, Breslau 1925, pp. 233–249.
  • Balder, the Oseberg grave and South Russian-Sakian parallels. In: Mannus, V. Supplementary Volume 1927, pp. 129-136.
  • The ship grave of the Viking queen Asa von Oseberg. In: Die Bergstadt, XV, Breslau 1927, 11 pp.
  • Thor's recovery. In: Mannus, VI. Supplementary volume 1928, pp. 316–323.
  • The point of cremation. In: Altschlesische Blätter, III, Breslau 1928, pp. 22–29.
  • Sources of folk dance I-III. In: The folk dance. III, Leipzig 1928; IV, Leipzig 1929. pp. 81, 85, 89-93, 9-15.
  • The rock carving by Hvitlycke and the Edda song by Thrym. In: Mannus, XXI, 1929, pp. 52-71.
  • The religious and spiritual culture of the Germanic Bronze Age. I: The Teutons and the culture of the Felsritzer. In: Annual Issues of the Society for Anthropology and Prehistory of Prussian Upper Lusatia, III, 2, Görlitz 1929, pp. 73–118.
  • The natural sciences and our worldview. In: Volk und Rasse, Munich 1930, 35 pp.
  • The rock art of Scandinavia and North Africa. In: Mitteilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien, LXI, 1931, pp. 239–268.
  • The Sacrau bucket as a religious monument and work of art. In: Altschlesische Blätter, VI, Breslau 1931, pp. 17-19.
  • Aryan racial hygiene in the religion of the ancient Persians. In: Volk und Rasse, Munich 1932, pp. 129–144.
  • Steering wheel, folding boat and ramming point in shipbuilding in the younger Bronze Age. In: Mannus, XXIV, 1932, pp. 40-56.
  • Anthropology, prehistory, folklore. In: Annuals of the Society for Anthropology, Prehistory and Folklore of Prussian Upper Lusatia, III, 3, Görlitz 1933, pp. 227–242.
  • The basic racial and ethnic concept of National Socialism . In: The Administrative Academy, A Handbook for Officials in the National Socialist State, Volume 1: The ideological, political and constitutional foundations of the National Socialist state (Group 1, Article 4), Berlin undated [1934].
  • Iran and Zarathustra. In: National Socialist monthly books. 5th year, Issue 47, Munich 1934, pp. 97–128.
  • Old Germanic culture in words and pictures. Three millennia of Germanic culture. Overall view - the peaks - views. JF Lehmanns Verlag , Munich 1934, 4th edition 1937.
  • Basic ideas of National Socialist cultural policy , from the estate. Franz-Eher-Verlag , Munich 1939, 2nd edition 1943. Was placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet occupation zone after the end of the Second World War .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Ernst Klee: The cultural lexicon for the Third Reich. Who was what before and after 1945. S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2007, p. 498
  2. ↑ Quoted from: Claudia Schorcht: "Philosophy at the Bavarian Universities 1933 - 1945". Harald Fischer, Erlangen 1990, 201.
  3. ^ Statement of the philosophical faculty of March 9, 1934, quoted from: Claudia Schorcht: "Philosophy at the Bavarian universities 1933 - 1945". Harald Fischer, Erlangen 1990, 198.
  4. ^ Rehm opinion of February 14, 1934, quoted from: Claudia Schorcht: "Philosophy at the Bavarian Universities 1933 - 1945". Harald Fischer, Erlangen 1990, 199.
  5. ↑ Claudia Schorcht: "Philosophy at the Bavarian Universities 1933-1945". Harald Fischer, Erlangen 1990, 203.
  6. ↑ George Leaman: Heidegger in context. Complete overview of the Nazi involvement of university philosophers. From the American by Rainer Alisch and Thomas Laugstien, Argument, special volume AS 205, Hamburg and Berlin 1993.
  7. ↑ http://www.polunbi.de/bibliothek/1946-nslit-s.html
personal data
SURNAME Schultz, Wolfgang
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian-German philosopher and National Socialist
DATE OF BIRTH June 28, 1881
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH September 24, 1936
Place of death Munich