Xinhua Zidian

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The Xinhua Zidian , also known as “ Xinhua Dictionary ” ( Chinese  新華 字典  /  新华 字典 , Pinyin Xīnhuá Zìdiǎn , English often Xinhua Dictionary or New China Dictionary ) is a monolingual Chinese dictionary comparable to “ Duden ” or “ True ” in German Language area .

In the spring of 2004, the number of copies sold had risen to more than 400 million, making the dictionary the best-selling in the world. It is published by Commercial Press . Strictly speaking, it is a “character dictionary”, as it is not structured according to one or more syllable “ words ”, but according to individual “ characters ”, strictly speaking in the alphabetical order of the Chinese Latin transcription of Hanyu Pinyin . The most common Chinese words and expressions formed with the characters are dealt with under the individual lemmas of the characters.

It is very common both inside and outside of China . The dictionary uses simplified characters and phonetic transcription according to the scheme of Chinese Latin transcription . In addition to the pinyin (with tones), the pronunciation of the individual characters is given in bopomofo , but only individually in the lemma.

10th edition

The 10th edition of the dictionary was published in 2004. Including traditional Chinese characters and spelling variants of various characters, it contains more than 11,200 characters.

construction

It includes front

  • an overview of the syllables of the phonetic transcription of Hanyu Pinyin
  • an overview of the comparison of some new and old character forms ( 新旧 字形 对照 表 )
  • an overview of the 201 radicals of short and long characters used in this dictionary
  • an overview of the individual characters, sorted by radicals and increasing number of lines - followed by an overview of some characters that are difficult to classify in the radical system ( 难 检 字 笔画 索引 ).

The appendix contains:

The first Xinhua Zidian was published in 1953, published by the People's Education Press under the auspices of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences . The editor-in-chief was the linguist and lexicologist Wei Jiangong ( 魏建功 , 1901–1980). In 1957 the Commercial Press published the 1st edition in alphabetical order with Pinyin. It was reprinted several times and has enjoyed great popularity ever since.

11th edition

The 11th edition of Xinhua zidian was published in 2011. It has the ISBN 978-7-100-06959-5 .

Bilingual edition Chinese-English

In addition to the short dictionary, the Commercial Press also published the Chinese-English Bilingual Xinhua Dictionary (subtitle: English Xinhua Dictionary with English Translation ) with English translation (Yao 2000, Clark 2001 review).

Edition with additional pinyin

A pinyin edition of the Xinhua Zidian ( 新华 字典 汉语拼音 版 , Xīnhuá Zìdiǎn Hànyǔ Pīnyīnbǎn  - "Pinyin edition of the" Xinhua Zidian "") also gives the explanations in pinyin.

criticism

Chen Dingxiang is said to have counted 23,854 errors in the "Xinhua Dictionary" ( Xinhua Zidian ).

literature

  • Xinhua zidian ( 新华 字典 , English Xinhua Dictionary ). 10. A. Beijing: Commercial Press ( 商务印书馆 ). 2004, ISBN 7-100-03931-2 .
  • Yao Naiqiang ( 姚乃强 ) (Ed.): Han-Ying shuangjie Xinhua Zidian - 汉英 双 解 新华 字典 , English Xinhua Dictionary with English Translation . Beijing: Commercial Press ( 商务印书馆 ). 2000, ISBN 7-80103-198-9 .
  • Paul Clark: Han-Ying shuangjie Xinhua Zidian - 汉英 双 解 新华 字典 , English Xinhua Dictionary with English Translation (Review). China Review International , 2001, 8.2, 387-388.
  • Dong Jingru ( 董 静 如 ), Yamada Ruriko ( 山田 留 里 ), Yi Ken'ichirō ( 伊 井 健 一郎 ): Xinhua Zidian Hanyu pinyin ban ( 新华 字典 汉语拼音 版  - "Pinyin edition of the" Xinhua Zidian ""). Taiyuan: Shanxi Jiaoyu Chubanshe ( 山西 教育 出版社 ). 1999, ISBN 7-5440-0941-6 .

See also

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ 400 million copies of Chinese-character dictionary. In: Renmin Ribao (“People's Daily”). February 13, 2004, accessed August 10, 2019 .
  2. ↑ On the term "character dictionary" ( 字典 , zìdiǎn , English character dictionary  ), cf. Hanyu da zidian (a Chinese character dictionary commonly referred to as a dictionary) & the book title: Little Chinese-German Character Dictionary , etc.
  3. ↑ 图书 详细 信息 - Detailed information about the book ( Memento from July 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). The number of lemmas is, however, much smaller due to the duplication. In: cp.com.cn, accessed August 10, 2019.
  4. ↑ 漢語拼音 方案  /  汉语拼音 方案 , Hànyǔ Pīnyīn Fāng'àn  - "Latin transcription scheme "
  5. ↑ People's Education Press ( Memento July 16, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), ( 人民 教育 出版社 ) In: chinaculture.org, accessed August 10, 2019.
  6. ↑ Infosperber: New edition of the Chinese dictionary Xinhua Zidian ("Dictionary New China"). In: thetranslationpeople.de. April 21, 2012, accessed August 10, 2019 .
  7. ↑ 正版 特价 包邮 ★ 汉英 双 解 新华 字典 - Original edition, special price, including shipping - Bilingual Chinese-English Xinhua dictionary ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ), In: book.kongfz.com, accessed on 10 August 2019.
  8. ↑ see 3rd photo at kongfz.com
  9. ↑ Book "If Mao Knew That" - China - The System Always Wins ("In the world of Chinese linguists, the Xinhua dictionary represents state power. Chen had discovered that the state also makes mistakes."). In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . May 10, 2010, accessed August 10, 2019 . - see. different information from riesenmaschine.de: "Perhaps the most wrong book in the world."