NAMC YS-11
| NAMC YS-11 | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Type: | Airliner |
| Design country: | |
| Manufacturer: |
Nihon Kōkūki Seizō |
| First flight: |
August 30, 1962 |
| Commissioning: |
March 1965 |
| Production time: |
September 1964 to 1974 |
| Number of pieces: |
182 |
The NAMC YS-11 is a twin-engine turboprop passenger aircraft for up to 64 passengers. It was built in Japan by the Nihon Kōkūki Seizō consortium ( Nihon Aircraft Manufacturing Company , NAMC). The program was started in 1954 by the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Trade and Industry . In 1962 the first machine was completed, production ended in 1974. The prototype from 1962 is exhibited in the Aviation Museum (Kōkū Kagaku Hakubutsukan, English Museum of Aeronautical Sciences) near Narita Airport / Tokyo .
So far, the YS-11 is the only successful passenger aircraft built in Japan. A total of 182 pieces were produced. Most of the aircraft was made in Japan, only the engines are from Rolls-Royce and the propellers from Dowty Rotol.
use
,_Japan_-_Air_Force_AN1722042.jpg)
_parked_at_Osaka_International_Airport.jpg)
The YS-11 was flown by various Asian airlines. Other buyers were, for example, Aerolíneas Argentinas , Cruzeiro do Sul and the American Piedmont Airlines .
In Europe, besides the Norwegian Mey-Air , which rented a YS-11 for just under two years, the Greek Olympic Airways was the only European operator. They procured nine brand-new copies, two of which had an accident. Six of the remaining seven machines were taken over by the Greek Air Force in 1980 and 1981 .
Military users
- Air Force
- Air Force
variants
- YS-11-100
The YS-11-100 is the first variant and offers space for 64 passengers.
- YS-11A-200
The YS-11A-200 is a stretched version of the YS-11-100.
- YS-11A-300
The YS-11A-300 is a combined passenger and cargo version, has a large cargo hold door and offers space for 48 passengers.
- YS-11A-400
The YS-11A-400 is the cargo version of the YS-11A-200 and is only used by the Japanese Air Self-Defense Forces .
- YS-11A-500
The YS-11A-500 is a version of the YS-11A-200 with a takeoff weight increased to 25,000 kg.
- YS-11A-600
The YS-11A-600 is a version of the YS-11A-300 with a takeoff weight increased to 25,000 kg.
- YS-11A-700
The YS-11A-700 is a version of the YS-11A-400 with an increased take-off weight.
Incidents
During the operation of the YS-11 there were 27 total losses; 8 of them killed a total of 254 people. Examples:
- On November 13, 1966, an All Nippon Airways NAMC YS-11 ( aircraft registration number JA8658 ) crashed on a Japanese domestic flight for unknown reasons shortly after take-off from Matsuyama Airport in the Seto Inland Sea , killing all 50 people on board (see also All Nippon Airways Flight 533 ) .
- On July 3, 1971, the worst accident of this type occurred when a Toa Domestic Airlines YS-11A-227 (JA8764) crashed into Yokotsu-dake Mountain. All 68 occupants were killed (see also Toa Domestic Airlines flight 63 ) .
- On October 21, 1972, a NAMC YS-11 of the Greek Olympic Airways (SX-BBQ) was flown into the sea off the coast of Voula, Athens. Of the 53 occupants, 36 passengers and one crew member drowned, 16 passengers and three crew members were rescued. The accident was a controlled off-road flight (CFIT) .
- On August 23, 1973, a NAMC YS-11 of the Brazilian VASP (PP-SMJ) crashed from the Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont airport into Guanabara Bay after an unsuccessful abortion . At the last moment the captain tried to stop the machine, which could not be braked in time, by retracting the landing gear before falling into the water. 8 of the 65 people on board were killed (see also VASP flight 012 ) .
- On November 23, 1976, another intact NAMC YS-11 of the Greek Olympic Airways (SX-BBR) flew into a mountain near Kozani, Greece. All 46 passengers and four crew members died. The cause of the accident was again a Controlled flight into Terrain (CFIT).
Technical specifications
| Parameter | Data NAMC YS-11-200 |
|---|---|
| crew | |
| Passengers | 64 |
| length | 26.3 m |
| span | 32.0 m |
| height | 9.0 m |
| Wing area | 95 m² |
| Wing extension | 10.8 |
| Preparation mass | 15,420 kg |
| Max. Takeoff mass | 24,500 kg |
| Max. Cruising speed | 533 km / h at 9450 m altitude |
| Long distance cruising speed | 470 km / h |
| Max. Range | 3215 km |
| Range with max. payload | 1100 km |
| Engines | two Turboprops Rolls-Royce Darts ; 2,200 kW (2,991 hp) each |
Comparable aircraft types
The twin-engine YS-11 had similar characteristics to the four-engine Vickers Viscount or the Fokker F-27 , but had about 50% more capacity than the latter. The basic concept was resumed a few years later by British Aerospace with the Advanced Turboprop ATP .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento from August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Accident statistics NAMC YS-11 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 23, 2016.
- ↑ accident report YS-11 JA8658 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on August 29 of 2019.
- ↑ accident report YS-11 JA8764 , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on 25 August 2017th
- ^ Accident report YS-11 SX-BBQ , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on August 25, 2017.
- ^ Accident report YS-11 PP-SMJ , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on August 3, 2020.
- ^ Accident report YS-11 SX-BBR , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on August 25, 2017.