Yaruba dynasty

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The Yaruba Dynasty ( Arabic اليعاربة, DMG al-Yaʿāruba ) was a dynasty of the Imams of Oman (1624–1743).

Ruler

history

After the Portuguese conquered Muscat in 1507 and later Suhar and Sur , they controlled the Omani overseas trade. In the fight against Portuguese rule, Nasir ibn Murschid united the tribes and was elected Imam (see: Ibadites ). Due to the high prestige of Nasir ibn Murschid, the office of imam became "hereditary" within a family for the first time in Omani history. Only members of the Yaruba clan were elected imams.

Under Sultan ibn Saif I , the merchant and war fleet was expanded and the fight against the Portuguese continued until they finally withdrew from the country in 1650. Portugal was also fought after the withdrawal from Oman , and in Africa since 1698. By 1743, Oman had driven the Portuguese from their East African possessions north of Cape Delgado .

Oman experienced an economic boom through the control of the intermediate trade between India and Southeast Asia and Arabia . Even the trade with slaves from East Africa became much more important. In addition, agriculture was promoted through the expansion of irrigation canals (see: Afladsch ). The economic prosperity also made extensive construction possible. Above all, several magnificent residences were built in the hinterland (e.g. Nizwa , Rustaq and Jabrin ).

The decline of the dynasty began with Saif ibn Sultan II , as he was harassed and temporarily deposed because of his minority status. The civil war, which lasted for many years, led to a strong polarization of society. Saif ibn Sultan II brought Persian troops into the country in 1736 and 1741 to assert himself as imam. Against the Persian conquest of the country (1741–1743), Ahmad ibn Said united the tribes and expelled the Persians . After the end of the Yaruba dynasty, he founded the Said dynasty, which has ruled Oman ever since, in 1746 .