Doullens Citadel
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The citadel of Doullens is a fortification from the Renaissance in the form of an irregular pentagon at the confluence of the rivers Grouche and Authie on the edge of the town of Doullens in Picardy ( Somme ) in France .
history
The citadel was built as one of the first in France in the course of the conflict with Emperor Charles V from 1530 under King Francis I of France by Antonio de Castello and after the wars with the Spanish Netherlands in 1599 by the “father of French fortress construction “ Jean Errard de Bar-le-Duc (1554–1610) renewed. The northeastern part with the bastions de la Reine, d'Amiens, de Gézaincourt and de Beauregard dates from this period. From 1633 were under Heinrich IV. And Ludwig XIII. several curtains and the bastions Royal, Dauphin and Richelieu built. The crescents (demi-lunes) (de la Porte Royale, d'Amiens, de secours, du Gouverneur, de Rouval) also date from the time of Louis XIII. To expose the esplanade, various buildings were demolished in 1672, including two monasteries and the Hôtel de Belloy. After the Peace of the Pyrenees , the citadel lost its strategic importance. In it were u. a. Auguste Blanqui and Armand Barbès held captive. During the First World War , the citadel was used as a French and Canadian military hospital and was bombed by German troops on the night of May 29-30, 1918. After the German occupation, it became an internment camp in 1940. Until 1958 it was a women's prison. Then families of Harki were housed in the citadel. It had been deserted since 1963 and was falling into disrepair. In 1974 the association "Les Amis de la Citadelle" was founded. In 1978 the facility was acquired by the département and shortly thereafter entered in the supplementary list of the Monuments historiques . It has been open to the public since 1982 and the Fête des Plantes du Nord de la France has been taking place regularly since 1987 .
investment
The structure, which is basically pentagonal but not completely designed as such, with three bastions includes an older and smaller four-pointed complex with four more bastions. Parts of the complex are ruinous.
Trivia
The citadel was the location of the film Astragal (L'Astragale) with Horst Buchholz and Marlène Jobert as the main actors (1968).
Web links
- Layout of the facility
- Representation of the citadel with images (French) ( Memento from September 20, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- More website
Coordinates: 50 ° 9 ′ 0 ″ N , 2 ° 20 ′ 0 ″ E