Ontario Express: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Defunct regional airline of Canada (1987–1993)}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline = Ontario Express
| logo = File:Canadian_Partner_Ontario_Express_Logo,_April_1998.svg
| caption = <!-- Caption for the image -->
| IATA = 9X
| ICAO = OEL
| callsign = PARTNER
| founded =
| commenced =
| ceased = {{end date|1993|04|}}<br />{{small|(merged with [[Time Air]] to form [[Canadian Regional Airlines]])}}
| bases
| hubs = [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]
| fleet_size
| destinations
| parent = [[Canadian
| headquarters
}}
'''Ontario Express''' was
==History==
Ontario Express first started operations on July 15, 1987 as a regional feeder airline for Canadian Airlines based at the [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]]. It began service to [[Hamilton, Ontario|Hamilton]] in March 1989.<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|436470995}} |last1=DeMont |first1=Philip |title=Ontario Express to leave Hamilton |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=1 August 1991 |page=E2 }}</ref> This was a way to apply the newly designed commercial aviation strategy at the time: use smaller aircraft to gather passengers from various locations and "feed" the main airline which would then carry those passengers worldwide. The term "feeder airline" became a standard in all commercial aviation. The other term employed was a "spoke and wheel" type of organization, the spoke being the centre where all the feeder airlines would fly in the passengers from around the area. Operations started with 4 [[Handley Page Jetstream|Jetstream 31 aircraft]], manufactured by British Aerospace. [[ATR 42]] aircraft, built by a Franco-Italian consortium Avions de transport régional, were added to the fleet in 1988. Ontario Express was the first airline to import and operate those 2 aircraft in Canada. The first cities that were connected to Toronto were: Windsor, Sault Ste. Marie, Sarnia, London, Kingston, Thunder Bay, Ottawa, and Sudbury.
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{cite journal |last1=Oum |first1=Tae Hoon |last2=Stanbury |first2=W.T. |last3=Tretheway |first3=Michael W. |title=Airline Deregulation in Canada and Its Economic Effects |journal=Transportation Journal |date=1991 |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=4–22 |jstor=20713095 }}
* {{cite book |doi=10.4324/9781315212036-5 |chapter=Airline deregulation in Canada |title=Airline Deregulation |date=2017 |last1=Oum |first1=Tae |last2=Stanbury |first2=William |last3=Tretheway |first3=Michael |pages=124–187 |isbn=978-1-315-21203-6 }}
* {{cite book |doi=10.1016/B978-0-7506-6439-4.50012-2 |chapter=Mergers and alliances |title=Global Airlines |date=2007 |last1=Hanlon |first1=Pat |pages=287–322 |isbn=978-0-7506-6439-4 }}
* {{cite conference |doi=10.22004/ag.econ.306063 |date=2020 |last1=Marchildon |first1=Lori |last2=Marchildon |first2=Lori |title=The Effects of Airline Acquisitions in the Canadian Airline Industry |conference=29th Annual Canadian Transportation Research Forum, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 15–18, 1994 }}
* {{cite conference |doi=10.22004/ag.econ.305994 |date=2020 |last1=Snider |first1=Bradley |last2=Snider |first2=Bradley |title=Seasonality and Economic Efficiency in the Canadian Airline Industry: Performance in Air Fares Since Deregulation |conference=29th Annual Canadian Transportation Research Forum, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 15–18, 1994 }}
* {{cite news |last1=Hardiman |first1=Jake |last2=Walker |first2=Steven |title=Time Air: What Happened To The Canadian Carrier? |url=https://simpleflying.com/time-air-canada-story/ |work=Simple Flying |date=11 May 2022 }}
* {{cite news |last1=Conboy |first1=Alan |title=Air Transport Industry |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/air-transport-industry |work=The Canadian Encyclopedia |date=16 December 2013 }}
* {{cite web |title=Ontario Express history from Americas, Canada |url=https://airlinehistory.co.uk/airline/ontario-express/ |work=Airline History }}
* {{cite news |id={{ProQuest|386022550}} |last1=Romain |first1=Ken |title=Ontario Express orders six new Jetstream aircraft |newspaper=The Globe and Mail |date=2 December 1987 |page=B.13 }}
* {{cite news |id={{ProQuest|239114424}} |last1=Benzing |first1=Karen |title=Canadian Airlines' new commuter service finally christened |newspaper=The Ottawa Citizen |date=24 June 1987 |page=A19 }}
{{Defunct airlines of Canada}}
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Latest revision as of 06:28, 17 March 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2024) |
| |||||||
Commenced operations | July 15, 1987 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ceased operations | April 1993 (merged with Time Air to form Canadian Regional Airlines) | ||||||
Hubs | Toronto Pearson International Airport | ||||||
Parent company | Canadian Airlines International | ||||||
Headquarters | Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
Ontario Express was a regional airline in Canada.
History[edit]
Ontario Express first started operations on July 15, 1987 as a regional feeder airline for Canadian Airlines based at the Toronto Pearson International Airport. It began service to Hamilton in March 1989.[1] This was a way to apply the newly designed commercial aviation strategy at the time: use smaller aircraft to gather passengers from various locations and "feed" the main airline which would then carry those passengers worldwide. The term "feeder airline" became a standard in all commercial aviation. The other term employed was a "spoke and wheel" type of organization, the spoke being the centre where all the feeder airlines would fly in the passengers from around the area. Operations started with 4 Jetstream 31 aircraft, manufactured by British Aerospace. ATR 42 aircraft, built by a Franco-Italian consortium Avions de transport régional, were added to the fleet in 1988. Ontario Express was the first airline to import and operate those 2 aircraft in Canada. The first cities that were connected to Toronto were: Windsor, Sault Ste. Marie, Sarnia, London, Kingston, Thunder Bay, Ottawa, and Sudbury.
References[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- Oum, Tae Hoon; Stanbury, W.T.; Tretheway, Michael W. (1991). "Airline Deregulation in Canada and Its Economic Effects". Transportation Journal. 30 (4): 4–22. JSTOR 20713095.
- Oum, Tae; Stanbury, William; Tretheway, Michael (2017). "Airline deregulation in Canada". Airline Deregulation. pp. 124–187. doi:10.4324/9781315212036-5. ISBN 978-1-315-21203-6.
- Hanlon, Pat (2007). "Mergers and alliances". Global Airlines. pp. 287–322. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-6439-4.50012-2. ISBN 978-0-7506-6439-4.
- Marchildon, Lori; Marchildon, Lori (2020). The Effects of Airline Acquisitions in the Canadian Airline Industry. 29th Annual Canadian Transportation Research Forum, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 15–18, 1994. doi:10.22004/ag.econ.306063.
- Snider, Bradley; Snider, Bradley (2020). Seasonality and Economic Efficiency in the Canadian Airline Industry: Performance in Air Fares Since Deregulation. 29th Annual Canadian Transportation Research Forum, Vancouver, British Columbia, May 15–18, 1994. doi:10.22004/ag.econ.305994.
- Hardiman, Jake; Walker, Steven (11 May 2022). "Time Air: What Happened To The Canadian Carrier?". Simple Flying.
- Conboy, Alan (16 December 2013). "Air Transport Industry". The Canadian Encyclopedia.
- "Ontario Express history from Americas, Canada". Airline History.
- Romain, Ken (2 December 1987). "Ontario Express orders six new Jetstream aircraft". The Globe and Mail. p. B.13. ProQuest 386022550.
- Benzing, Karen (24 June 1987). "Canadian Airlines' new commuter service finally christened". The Ottawa Citizen. p. A19. ProQuest 239114424.