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{{Short description|Spanish lawyer, politician and statesman}}
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{{expand Spanish|date=February 2017}}
{{Multiple issues|
[[File:Lorenzo Arrazola y García.jpg|thumb|200px|Lorenzo Arrazola]]
{{Unreferenced|date=February 2023}}
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'''Lorenzo Arrazola y García''' ([[Checa, Guadalajara]], [[Spain]], 10 August 1797 – [[Madrid]], Spain, 23 February 1873) was a Spanish [[lawyer]], [[politician]] and [[politician|statesman]] who served as [[Prime Minister of Spain]] and as [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Spain)|Minister of State]] in 1864.
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{{expand Spanish|topic=bio|date=February 2017}}
}}


{{family name hatnote|Arrazola|García|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Lorenzo Arrazola
| office = [[Prime Minister of Spain]]
| honorific-prefix = [[The Most Excellent]]
| honorific-suffix =
| image = Retrato de Lorenzo Arrazola.jpg
| monarch = [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]]
| predecessor = [[Manuel de Pando, 6th Marquis of Miraflores|The Marquis of Miraflores]]
| successor = [[Alejandro Mon y Menéndez]]
| party = [[Moderate Party (Spain)|Moderate Party]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date |1797|8|10|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Checa]], [[Province of Guadalajara|Guadalajara]], [[History of Spain (1808–1874)|Kingdom of Spain]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1873|2|23|1797|8|10|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Madrid]], [[First Spanish Republic]]
| spouse = Ana Micaela Guerrero
| alma_mater = [[University of Valladolid]]
| term_start = 17 January 1864
| term_end = 1 March 1864
| footnotes = {{Infobox person | child = yes
| image = Escudo_Lorenzo_de_Arrazola.png
| image_size = 120px
| caption = Coat of arms of Lorenzo Arrazola
}}
}}
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''[[Don (honorific)|D.]]'' '''Lorenzo Arrazola y García''' (10 August 1797, in [[Checa, Guadalajara]], [[Spain]] – 23 February 1873, in [[Madrid]], Spain) was a Spanish [[lawyer]], [[politician]] and [[politician|statesman]] best known for being [[Prime Minister of Spain]], a six term [[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Minister of Justice]] and two-time [[President of the Supreme Court of Spain|President of the Supreme Court]].


== Early life ==
García was born in [[Checa, Spain|Checa]], a small town in [[Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha|Guadalajara]]. He was able to attend a seminary with the help of his mother's brother, mayor of a village in [[Benavente, Zamora|Benavente]]. There, he completed his early education, eventually graduating with a degree in [[theology]] and [[philosophy]], during which time he became fluent in [[Latin]]. At 26, García left the seminary in order to join the military, against his uncle's wishes. He later went to [[Valladolid]] to study [[In Civil Jurisprudence Guardianship|civil jurisprudence]], becoming chair of the philosophy department and, later, rector of the university. García then went to [[Complutense University of Madrid|Complutense University]], where he spent a decade as a part of the faculty.

In 1829, he married Ana Micaela Guerrera. She was a native of [[Villanueva de Campeán|Villanueva de Campa]], where García had helped to repair the church after it set fire in 1850.

He began his political career in 1835, at age 38, seeking to be elected attorney. In 1837 was designated deputy of the courts in Valladolid, leaving behind law and teaching. His ideological principles settled as he joined the [[Moderate Party (Spain)|Moderate Party]] and the [[Ateneo de Madrid]].

==Career==
In 1837 Arrazola entered his first election, becoming a member of Spain's [[Congress of Deputies (Spain)|Congress of Deputies]], a seat he held until February 1841. In December 1838 he started his first of six terms as [[Ministry of Justice (Spain)|Minister of Grace and Justice]].

In thanks for creating a new Criminal Code, Queen [[Isabella II of Spain|Isabella II]] made Arrazola a senator-for-life on 23 December 1848.

He served as the 4th [[Attorney General of Spain]] for a short period of time between April and October 1847. He was confirmed as [[President of the Supreme Court of Spain|President of the Supreme Court]] in 1851, a position he held until 1853 and again between 1856 and 1864.

Between 1864 and 1867 he is both Minister of Justice and [[Ministry of the Interior (Spain)|Minister of Interior]] at interim.
{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-off|}}
{{S-off|}}
|-
|-
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Manuel de Pando, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores|The Marquis of Miraflores]]}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Manuel de Pando, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores|The Marquis of Miraflores]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1700-1873)#Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers|Prime Minister of Spain]]|years=17 January 1864{{spaced ndash}}1 March 1864}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1700-1873)#Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)|Prime Minister of Spain]]|years=17 January 1864{{spaced ndash}}1 March 1864}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Alejandro Mon y Menéndez|Alejandro Mon]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Alejandro Mon y Menéndez|Alejandro Mon]]}}
|-
|-
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]|years=17 January 1864{{spaced ndash}}1 March 1864}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Ministers of State (1820–23/1834–73) and Secretaries of the Office of State (1808–20/1823–34)|Minister of State]]|years=17 January 1864{{spaced ndash}}1 March 1864}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Joaquín Francisco Pacheco y Gutiérrez-Calderón|Joaquín Francisco Pacheco]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Joaquín Francisco Pacheco y Gutiérrez-Calderón|Joaquín Francisco Pacheco]]}}
|-
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Antonio de Benavides y Fernández de Navarrete|Antonio de Benavides]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Antonio de Benavides y Fernández de Navarrete|Antonio de Benavides]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''8 June 1865{{spaced ndash}}21 June 1865'''}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Ministers of State (1820–23/1834–73) and Secretaries of the Office of State (1808–20/1823–34)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''8 June 1865{{spaced ndash}}21 June 1865'''}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez|Manuel Bermúdez de Castro]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez|Manuel Bermúdez de Castro]]}}
|-
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez|Manuel Bermúdez de Castro]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Manuel Bermúdez de Castro y Díez|Manuel Bermúdez de Castro]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''10 July 1866{{spaced ndash}}13 July 1866'''}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Ministers of State (1820–23/1834–73) and Secretaries of the Office of State (1808–20/1823–34)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''10 July 1866{{spaced ndash}}13 July 1866'''}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Eusebio de Calonge y Fenollet|Eusebio de Calonge]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Eusebio de Calonge y Fenollet|Eusebio de Calonge]]}}
|-
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Alejandro de Castro y Casal|Alejandro de Castro]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Alejandro de Castro y Casal|Alejandro de Castro]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]|years=27 June 1867{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Ministers of State (1820–23/1834–73) and Secretaries of the Office of State (1808–20/1823–34)|Minister of State]]|years=27 June 1867{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Joaquín de Roncali, 1st Marquis of Roncali|The Marquis of Roncali]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Joaquín de Roncali, 1st Marquis of Roncali|The Marquis of Roncali]]}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Arrazola Y Garcia, Lorenzo}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arrazola Y Garcia, Lorenzo}}
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Arrazola family|Lorenzo]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain]]
[[Category:1797 births]]
[[Category:1797 births]]
[[Category:1873 deaths]]
[[Category:1873 deaths]]
[[Category:Moderate Party (Spain) politicians]]
[[Category:Moderate Party (Spain) politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Spanish politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Spanish politicians]]
[[Category:Spanish Ministers of Justice]]
[[Category:Justice ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Attorneys general of Spain]]

[[Category:Prosecutors general of Spain]]

[[Category:Presidents of the Supreme Court of Spain]]
{{Spain-politician-stub}}
{{spain-diplomat-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:02, 6 May 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Arrazola and the second or maternal family name is García.
The Most Excellent
Lorenzo Arrazola
Prime Minister of Spain
In office
17 January 1864 – 1 March 1864
MonarchIsabella II
Preceded byThe Marquis of Miraflores
Succeeded byAlejandro Mon y Menéndez
Personal details
Born(1797-08-10)10 August 1797
Checa, Guadalajara, Kingdom of Spain
Died23 February 1873(1873-02-23) (aged 75)
Madrid, First Spanish Republic
Political partyModerate Party
SpouseAna Micaela Guerrero
Alma materUniversity of Valladolid
Coat of arms of Lorenzo Arrazola

D. Lorenzo Arrazola y García (10 August 1797, in Checa, Guadalajara, Spain – 23 February 1873, in Madrid, Spain) was a Spanish lawyer, politician and statesman best known for being Prime Minister of Spain, a six term Minister of Justice and two-time President of the Supreme Court.

Early life[edit]

García was born in Checa, a small town in Guadalajara. He was able to attend a seminary with the help of his mother's brother, mayor of a village in Benavente. There, he completed his early education, eventually graduating with a degree in theology and philosophy, during which time he became fluent in Latin. At 26, García left the seminary in order to join the military, against his uncle's wishes. He later went to Valladolid to study civil jurisprudence, becoming chair of the philosophy department and, later, rector of the university. García then went to Complutense University, where he spent a decade as a part of the faculty.

In 1829, he married Ana Micaela Guerrera. She was a native of Villanueva de Campa, where García had helped to repair the church after it set fire in 1850.

He began his political career in 1835, at age 38, seeking to be elected attorney. In 1837 was designated deputy of the courts in Valladolid, leaving behind law and teaching. His ideological principles settled as he joined the Moderate Party and the Ateneo de Madrid.

Career[edit]

In 1837 Arrazola entered his first election, becoming a member of Spain's Congress of Deputies, a seat he held until February 1841. In December 1838 he started his first of six terms as Minister of Grace and Justice.

In thanks for creating a new Criminal Code, Queen Isabella II made Arrazola a senator-for-life on 23 December 1848.

He served as the 4th Attorney General of Spain for a short period of time between April and October 1847. He was confirmed as President of the Supreme Court in 1851, a position he held until 1853 and again between 1856 and 1864.

Between 1864 and 1867 he is both Minister of Justice and Minister of Interior at interim.

Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
17 January 1864 – 1 March 1864 		Succeeded by
Minister of State
17 January 1864 – 1 March 1864 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of State
Acting
8 June 1865 – 21 June 1865 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of State
Acting
10 July 1866 – 13 July 1866 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of State
27 June 1867 – 23 April 1868 		Succeeded by
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