Estanislao Figueras

Estanislao Figueras y Moragas

Estanislao Figueras y Moragas (born November 13, 1819 in Barcelona , † November 11, 1882 in Madrid ) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. From February 12 to June 11, 1873 he was president of the executive power of the First Republic in Spain.

Life

Figueras studied in Cervera , Tarragona , Barcelona and Valencia Law and already joined 1837 the progressives on. In 1840 he went from these to the Republicans, who at that time still formed a very small party. Under the rule of the moderados (dt. Moderates ) he had to leave Madrid. In 1844 he established himself as a lawyer in Tarragona. 1848 returned to Madrid and took part in the Liberal-Republican riots. Since these were unsuccessful, he returned to his legal work in Tarragona.

In 1849 he joined the Partido Demócrata (German Democratic Party ), a split from the progressives, and was elected to the Cortes for Tarragona in 1851 . There he represented the republican party together with José María Orense , Lozano and Jaen, even after he was re-elected to the Cortes in 1855 - during the Bienio Progresista . In the constituent assembly of that year he advocated the decentralization and federalization of the state and the secularization of church property.

After the failure of the revolutionary attempt of 1866, he took part in republican conspiracies and was therefore threatened with imprisonment in 1867 and fled to Portugal. After Queen Isabella II was expelled in 1868, Figueras returned from there and became a member of the revolutionary junta, mayor of a Madrid district and was re-elected to the Cortes. There he worked with all means for the establishment of the republic. He had now joined the Partido Federal led by Francisco Pi i Margall , which supported his federal ideas for the Spanish state.

After the abdication of King Amadeus , on February 12, 1873, he was appointed President of the Republican Executive, that is, Head of State of the First Spanish Republic . In this function he initially had many conflicts with the party of the radicals, which had the majority in the Cortes, but on March 13th passed the resolution that the then Cortes should be dissolved and constituent Cortes convened on June 8, 1873 the proclamation of the federal republic decided and Figueras confirmed in his office. Differences with the rest of the Republicans over financial issues led him to resign on June 11th.

Figueras withdrew from the political arena to France by the end of the year . After his return, during the restoration period, he returned to politics several times briefly and without lasting effect. He died in Madrid on November 11, 1882.

predecessor	Office	successor
King Amadeo of Savoy	President of Spain February – 11. June 1873	Francisco Pi i Margall

This article is based on a text in the public domain from Meyers Konversations-Lexikon , 4th edition from 1888 to 1890.

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