Juan Bravo Murillo

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Juan Bravo Murillo (painting by Manuel García Martínez "Hispaleto" - Congreso de los Diputados 1877)

Juan Bravo Murillo (born June 24, 1803 in Fregenal de la Sierra ( Badajoz Province ), † February 11, 1873 in Madrid ) was a Spanish legal scholar , economist , politician and President of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) .

biography

Study and deputy of the Cortes

Bravo Murillo graduated in law at the University of Salamanca and the University of Seville , which he in 1825 with the academic degree of a Master ( Licenció graduated). He then worked as a lawyer for several years.

After the death of King Ferdinand VII in 1833 he was appointed public prosecutor ( Fiscal ) at the Provincial Court of Cádiz . However, after the Partido Progresista came to power in 1835 , he had to relinquish this office and then worked again as a lawyer, before he was secretary to District President Francisco Javier de Istúriz for a few months from May to August 1836 .

His political career began when he was elected to Parliament on September 22, 1837 and then again on January 19, 1840 as a member of the Partido Moderado , in which, with interruptions until October 1858, he alternated the interests of the constituencies of Seville , Ávila , and Huelva Albacete . In essence, however, he was a representative of the Badajoz constituency . The first years of his political activity were due to the strong position of General Baldomero Espartero , the regent for the minor Queen Isabella II from October 1840 to July 1843, but rather of little importance.

minister

He got a greater influence, however, after he was appointed Minister for Appeals for Mercy and Justice ( Ministro de Gracia y Justicia ) on January 28, 1847 in the cabinet of Carlos Martínez de Irujo , whom he held until the end of his term on March 28 1847 belonged.

From November 10, 1847 to August 31, 1849 he was then Minister for Commerce, Education and Public Works ( Ministro de Comercio, Instrucción y Obras Públicas ) member of the third government of Ramón María Narváez . During this time he was temporarily acting Minister of the Navy ( Ministro de Marina ) in January 1849 and acting Minister of the Treasury ( Ministro de Hacienda ) in August 1849 . After all, he was Minister of the Treasury from August 31, 1849 until the end of Narvaéz's third term on October 19, 1849. After Serafín María de Soto's interim cabinet, which lasted only twenty-seven hours , he was then reappointed as Minister of Treasury in the fourth Narváez cabinet on October 20, 1849, to which he was a member until November 29, 1850. During this time he tried to balance the state finances.

District President

On January 14, 1851, he was finally appointed as the successor to Narváez himself as President of Spain ( Presidente del Gobierno ) . As such, he was in office until December 14, 1852, and at the same time took over the office of treasurer again and worked from July to September 1851 as acting minister for appeals for clemency and justice. Federico Roncali was succeeded as President of the Government .

During his almost two-year term in office, the foundations for the Isabella II Canal for the water supply of Madrid, the Concordat of 1851 between the government and the Holy See on the reconciliation of the state with the Catholic Church due to the disamortization decrees of the President of the Government Juan Álvarez Mendizábal and in 1852 were laid created the law of the free ports of the Canary Islands ( Ley de Puertos Francos de Canarias ). As finance minister, balancing the budget remained one of his main goals. The balance of the state budget of 1851 found little response from foreign owners, especially since no interest was paid on foreign debts for several years.

The events of the revolutionary events in Europe in 1848 later led to his drafting the model of an absolutist constitution in 1852 under the title Proyectos de Leyes Fundamentales , which restricted what he considered to be the overly liberal character of the Cortes due to the constitution of 1845 ( Constitución española de 1845 ) and on the other hand provided for a strengthening of the monarchy . Due to the balance of power in the Cortes, he intended to call new elections as a referendum to confirm his draft constitution. On the other hand, he banned any prior discussion of the draft in the press and put a brake on any kind of public propaganda. He did not call for new elections because he was dismissed by the Queen on December 14, 1852 for fear of a coup .

Last years of life

Monument in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

The two-year reign ( Bienio Progresista ) of Baldomero Espartero and his Partido Progresista from July 19, 1854 to July 14, 1856 meant that he had to largely withdraw from political life.

However, he was later President of Parliament from January 11 to May 13, 1858. On November 10, 1863, he was appointed Senator for life ( Senador Vitalicio ) because of his political merits .

In 2001 a metro station in Madrid was named in his honor.

Publications

He wrote his political memoirs as an autobiographical work under the title Opúsculos (brochures, 6 volumes, 1863–1874).

He was also the author of financial and economic books such as:

  • The deudas amortizables y de los certificados de cupones . 1864 (on the repayment debts and the issuing of interest coupons)
  • El pasado, el presente y el porvenir de la Hacienda Pública . 1865 (past, present and future of public budgets)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of Members of Parliament from 1810 to 1977
  2. ^ History of the Isabella II Canal ( Memento from July 12, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Proyectos de Leyes Fundamentales de Bravo Murillo de 1852 ( Memento of the original of December 10, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cervantesvirtual.com
  4. ^ Terms of office as President of Parliament
  5. ^ The Senate between 1834 and 1923 - Senators , accessed June 7, 2017.
  6. ↑ Una estación para Bravo Murillo . Article in El País of May 9, 2001
predecessor Office successor
Ramón María Narváez President of Spain
1851 - 1852 		Federico Roncali
personal data
SURNAME Bravo Murillo, Juan
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Governor of Spain
DATE OF BIRTH June 24, 1803
PLACE OF BIRTH Fregenal de la Sierra , Badajoz Province
DATE OF DEATH February 11, 1873
Place of death Madrid