Telecommunications in Guinea: Difference between revisions
continue update |
m Dating maintenance tags: {{Update after}} |
||
Line 10: | Line 10: | ||
** one state-run radio broadcast station, [[Radio Television Guineenne]] (RTG); RTG also operates several stations in rural areas; there are a steadily increasing number of privately owned radio stations, nearly all in the capital, [[Conakry]]; and about a dozen community radio stations (2011);<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gv.html "Communications: Guinea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligance Agency, 28 January 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.</ref> |
** one state-run radio broadcast station, [[Radio Television Guineenne]] (RTG); RTG also operates several stations in rural areas; there are a steadily increasing number of privately owned radio stations, nearly all in the capital, [[Conakry]]; and about a dozen community radio stations (2011);<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gv.html "Communications: Guinea"], ''World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligance Agency, 28 January 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.</ref> |
||
** 4 [[AM radio|AM]], 8 [[FM broadcasting|FM]], and 3 [[shortwave]] (1998). |
** 4 [[AM radio|AM]], 8 [[FM broadcasting|FM]], and 3 [[shortwave]] (1998). |
||
* [[Receiver (radio)|Radios]]: 357,000 (1997).{{update after}} |
* [[Receiver (radio)|Radios]]: 357,000 (1997).{{update after|2014|2|5}} |
||
* [[Television broadcasting|Television stations]]: |
* [[Television broadcasting|Television stations]]: |
||
** one state-run TV station, [[Radio Television Guineenne]] (RTG); foreign TV programming is available via satellite and cable subscription services (2011);<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014/> |
** one state-run TV station, [[Radio Television Guineenne]] (RTG); foreign TV programming is available via satellite and cable subscription services (2011);<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014/> |
||
** 6 TV stations (1997). |
** 6 TV stations (1997). |
||
* [[Television set]]s: 85,000 (1997).{{update after}} |
* [[Television set]]s: 85,000 (1997).{{update after|2014|2|5}} |
||
The government maintains marginal control over broadcast media,<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014/> the media laws promulgated following the 2010 democratic transition have not been implemented,<ref name=BBCNews-GuineaProfile-2012/> and there are reports of state censorship through journalist harassment and station closures. For example:<ref name=USDOS-CRHRP-Guinea-2012/> |
The government maintains marginal control over broadcast media,<ref name=CIAWFB-Guinea-2014/> the media laws promulgated following the 2010 democratic transition have not been implemented,<ref name=BBCNews-GuineaProfile-2012/> and there are reports of state censorship through journalist harassment and station closures. For example:<ref name=USDOS-CRHRP-Guinea-2012/> |
Revision as of 01:09, 5 February 2014
This article or section is in a state of significant expansion or restructuring. You are welcome to assist in its construction by editing it as well. If this article or section has not been edited in several days, please remove this template. If you are the editor who added this template and you are actively editing, please be sure to replace this template with {{in use}} during the active editing session. Click on the link for template parameters to use.
This article was last edited by AnomieBOT (talk | contribs) 10 years ago. (Update timer) |
Telecommunications in Guinea include radio, television, fixed and mobile radio, and the Internet.
Radio and television
Radio remains the most important source of information for the public,[1] and the only one to reach the entire country.[2] The government licensed the country's first private broadcasters in 2006.[2]
- Radio stations:
- one state-run radio broadcast station, Radio Television Guineenne (RTG); RTG also operates several stations in rural areas; there are a steadily increasing number of privately owned radio stations, nearly all in the capital, Conakry; and about a dozen community radio stations (2011);[3]
- 4 AM, 8 FM, and 3 shortwave (1998).
- Radios: 357,000 (1997).[needs update]
- Television stations:
- one state-run TV station, Radio Television Guineenne (RTG); foreign TV programming is available via satellite and cable subscription services (2011);[3]
- 6 TV stations (1997).
- Television sets: 85,000 (1997).[needs update]
The government maintains marginal control over broadcast media,[3] the media laws promulgated following the 2010 democratic transition have not been implemented,[2] and there are reports of state censorship through journalist harassment and station closures. For example:[1]
- On 26 August 2012, the National Communication Council (CNC) suspended private radio station Liberte FM, based in the Forest Region city of N’Zerekore. The closure prevented Liberte FM from covering protests announced by opposition leaders for the following day. The national government allowed Liberty FM to reopen 48 hours later, after the protests concluded.
- On 1 October 2012, Electricity of Guinea cut service to Espace FM, host of the investigative reporting radio program "The Big Mouths." The utility company claimed that Espace FM and its sister station, Sweet FM, collectively owed nearly 150 million GNF ($21,521) for electricity bills, despite the station’s possession of payment receipts. Both stations were forced to operate on expensive generator power.
- The government has been accused of penalizing stations and journalists who broadcast items criticizing government officials and their actions. Some journalists accuse government officials of attempting to influence the tone of their reporting with inappropriate pressure and bribes. Some journalists also hire bodyguards, and many practice self-censorship.
Telephones
- Calling code: +224[3]
- International call prefix: 00[4]
- Main lines:
- 18,000 lines in use, 115th in the world (2012);[3]
- 11,000 lines in use (1995).
- Mobile cellular:
- 4.8 million lines, 115th in the world (2012).[3]
- 790,000 lines (2007).
- Telephone system: inadequate system of open-wire lines, small radiotelephone communication stations, and a new microwave radio relay system; Conakry reasonably well-served; coverage elsewhere remains inadequate and large companies tend to rely on their own systems for nationwide links; fixed-line teledensity less than 1 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership is expanding and exceeds 40 per 100 persons (2011).[3]
- Satellite earth stations: 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2011).[3]
- Communications cables: African Coast to Europe (ACE) submarine communications cable, which has a landing point in Conakry, links 23 countries along the west coast of Africa and on to Portugal and France.[5]
Internet
- Top-level domain: .gn[3]
- Internet users:
- Fixed broadband: 762 subscriptions, 183rd in the world; less than 0.05% of population, 189th in the world (2012).[6][8]
- Wireless broadband: Unknown (2012).[9]
- Internet hosts: 15 hosts, 223rd in the world (2012).[3]
- IPv4: 4,096 addresses allocated, less than 0.05% of the world total, 0.4 addresses per 1000 people (2012).[10][11]
- Internet Service Providers: several ISPs including ETI Bull.[citation needed]
Internet censorship and surveillance
There are no government restrictions on access to the Internet or credible reports that the government monitors e-mail or Internet chat rooms without judicial oversight.[1]
The constitution and law provide for freedom of speech and of the press, but the government, nevertheless, restricts these freedoms. Libel against the head of state, slander, and false reporting are subject to heavy fines. Some journalists accuse government officials of attempting to influence the tone of their reporting with inappropriate pressure and bribes. Some journalists hire bodyguards, and many practice self-censorship. Although the constitution and law provide for the inviolability of the home and legal searches require judicial search warrants, police reportedly ignore legal procedures in the pursuit of criminal suspects or when it serves their personal interests.[1]
See also
- Radio Télévision Guinéenne (RTG), the national broadcaster of Guinea.
References
- This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.
- This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of State.
- ^ a b c d "Guinea", Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2012, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, U.S. Department of State, 3 April 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ a b c "", BBC News, 14 March 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Communications: Guinea", World Factbook, U.S. Central Intelligance Agency, 28 January 2014. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ Dialing Procedures (International Prefix, National (Trunk) Prefix and National (Significant) Number) (in Accordance with ITY-T Recommendation E.164 (11/2010)), Annex to ITU Operational Bulletin No. 994-15.XII.2011, International Telecommunication Union (ITU, Geneva), 15 December 2011. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ "ACE: Africa Coast to Europe", Orange SA. Retrieved 4 February 2014.
- ^ a b Calculated using penetration rate and population data from "Countries and Areas Ranked by Population: 2012", Population data, International Programs, U.S. Census Bureau, retrieved 26 June 2013
- ^ "Percentage of Individuals using the Internet 2000-2012", International Telecommunications Union (Geneva), June 2013, retrieved 22 June 2013
- ^ "Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
- ^ "Active mobile-broadband subscriptions per 100 inhabitants 2012", Dynamic Report, ITU ITC EYE, International Telecommunication Union. Retrieved on 29 June 2013.
- ^ Select Formats, Country IP Blocks. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Site is said to be updated daily.
- ^ Population, The World Factbook, United States Central Intelligence Agency. Accessed on 2 April 2012. Note: Data are mostly for 1 July 2012.
External links