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{{For | the Dominican Republic national highway #8 | DR-8 }}
{{For | the Dominican Republic national highway #8 | DR-8 }}
{{Refimprove|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox rocket engine
{{Infobox rocket engine
|name = RD-8 (РД-8)
|name = RD-8 (РД-8)
|image =
|image =
|image_size = 225
|image_size =
|caption = Photo of rocket engine ''RD-8''.
|caption =
|country_of_origin = [[USSR]]
|country_of_origin= [[Soviet Union]]
|date =
|date =
|manufacturer = [[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau]]
|first_date = April 13, 1985
|designer =
|last_date =
|status = Operational
|designer =[[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau]]
|manufacturer =[[Yuzhmash]]
|purpose = Upper stage vernier
|type = Liquid
|purpose =Second Stage Vernier
|fuel = rocket grade [[kerosene]]
|associated =[[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]]
|oxidiser = [[LOX]]
|predecessor =
|cycle = [[Staged combustion]]
|successor =RD-809M
|status =In Production
|thrust(Vac) = {{convert|78.5|kN|lbf}}<ref name="whatever">[http://www.nkau.gov.ua/nsau/productnsau2.nsf/09e578a9237d8923c2256f9700336d37/3e2b55cce321c673c2256faf005ca84d!OpenDocument RD-8 rocket engine]</ref>

⚫
|specific_impulse_vacuum = {{convert|342|isp}}
⚫
|type =liquid
|operating_time = 1100 seconds
|oxidiser =[[LOX]]
⚫
|chamber_pressure = {{convert|7.8|MPa|psi}}<ref name="whatever" />
|fuel =[[RG-1 (propellant)|RG-1]]
⚫
|thrust_to_weight =
|mixture_ratio =2.4
⚫
|length =
|cycle =[[Staged combustion cycle (rocket)|Staged Combustion]]
⚫
|diameter =
|dry_weight = {{convert|380|kg|lb}}
|pumps =

⚫
|used_in = [[Zenit-2]], Zenit-3SL upper stage
|description =
|combustion_chamber=4
|nozzle_ratio =

⚫
|thrust =
|thrust_at_altitude=
|thrust(Vac) ={{convert|78.45|kN|abbr=on}}<!--if throttle range >100%, specify corresponding throttle-->
|thrust(SL) =
|throttle_range =<!--leave blank if no throttle-->
⚫
|thrust_to_weight=
⚫
|chamber_pressure={{convert|7.747|MPa|abbr=on}}
|specific_impulse=
⚫
|specific_impulse_vacuum={{convert|342|isp|abbr=on}}
|specific_impulse_sea_level=
|total_impulse =
|burn_time =1100 s
|restarts =<!--leave blank if not restartable-->
|gimbal =±33°<!--gimbal range in °, leave blank if none-->
|capacity =

|dimensions =
|length ={{convert|1500|mm|abbr=on}}
|diameter ={{convert|4000|mm|abbr=on}}
|dry_weight ={{convert|380|kg|abbr=on}}

⚫
|used_in =[[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]] family second stage

|references =<ref name=gunter-zenit /><ref name=b14643-ukrainepropulsion /><ref name=khai-aktt201301p4450 /><ref name=ukrspexport-rd8 /><ref name=yuzhnoye-rd8 /><ref name=yuzhmash-rd8 />
|notes =
}}
}}


The '''RD-8''' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: {{lang|ru|'''РД-8'''}} and [[GRAU]] Index: '''11D513''') is an [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] [[liquid-fuel rocket|liquid propellant rocket engine]] burning [[LOX]] and [[RG-1 (propellant)|RG-1]] (a rocket grade [[kerosene]]) in a [[Staged combustion cycle (rocket)|oxidizer rich staged combustion cycle]].<ref name=yuzhnoye-rd8 /><ref name=yuzhmash-rd8 /> It has a four combustion chambers that provide [[Thrust vectoring|thrust vector control]] by [[Gimbaled thrust|gimbaling]] each of the nozzles in a single axis by +/- 33&deg;.<ref name=b14643-ukrainepropulsion /> It was designed in [[Ukraine]] by [[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau]] as the [[vernier thruster]] of the [[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]] (GRAU: 11K77) second stage.<ref name=aviadvigatel /> As such, it has always been paired with the [[RD-120]] engine as main propulsion.<ref name=hendrickx2007p80 /><ref name=gunter-zenit />
The '''RD-8''' engine was developed by [[Yuzhnoye Design Bureau]] for the second stage of the [[Zenit rocket]]. It has four hinged chambers and a single turbopump unit. The fuel pair is [[LOX]]/[[kerosene]]. Vacuum thrust is 78.5&nbsp;[[Newton (unit)|kN]] and its specific impulse in vacuum is {{convert|342|isp}}.<ref name="yuzzi">[http://www.yuzhnoye.com/?id=156&lang=en&path=Aerospace%20Technology/Rocket%20Propulsion/Liquid%20Engines/Vernier%20Engines/RD-8/RD-8_e Yuzhnoye SDO - RD-8 Engine]</ref>

It can only be started once, and as a high altitude engine it has a thrust of {{convert|78.45|kN|abbr=on}} and a [[specific impulse]] of {{convert|342|isp|abbr=on}}.<ref name=yuzhnoye-rd8 /><ref name=yuzhmash-rd8 /> It is the first ever steering engine to use the staged combustion cycle, and as such is the basis for a family of planned engines for the [[Mayak (rocket family)|Mayak]] [[launch vehicle]] family.<ref name=khai-aktt201301p4450 />

==References==
⚫
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=aviadvigatel>{{cite web |url=http://www.k204.ru/books/Aviadvigatel2.pdf |title=Двигатели 1944-2000: Аавиационные, Ракетные, Морские, Промышленные |trans-title=Aviadvigatel 19442-2000: Aviation, rocketry, naval and industry |pages=265–266 |format=PDF |language=Russian |accessdate=2015-07-25}}</ref>
<ref name=b14643-ukrainepropulsion>{{cite web |url=http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets/Diverse/Ukrainian_Rocket_engines/engines.htm |title=Ukrainian space-rocket and missile liquid-propellant engines |first=Norbert |last=Brügge |publisher=B14643.de |date=2016-07-11 |accessdate=2015-08-06 }}</ref>
<ref name=gunter-zenit>{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_fam/zenit.htm |title=Zenit family |publisher=Gunter's Space Page |author=Gunter Dirk Krebs |date=2015-12-15 |accessdate=2016-07-14}}</ref>
<ref name=hendrickx2007p80>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VRb1yAGVWNsC&pg=PA80&lpg=PA66&dq=RD-8 |last1=Hendrickx |first1=Bart |last2=Vis |first2=Bert |title=Energiya-Buran: The Soviet Space Shuttle |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-387-69848-9 |pages=80 |edition=UK 2007 |date=2007-10-04}}</ref>
<ref name=khai-aktt201301p4450>{{cite journal |last1=Degtyarev |first1=A . V. |last2=Shulga |first2=V . A. |last3=Zhivotov |first3=A . I. |last4=Dibrivny |first4=A . V. |title=СОЗДАНИЕ СЕМЕЙСТВА КИСЛОРОДНО-КЕРОСИНОВЫХ ЖИДКОСТНЫХ РАКЕТНЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ НА БАЗЕ ОТРАБОТАННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ДЛЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ РАКЕТ-НОСИТЕЛЕЙ ГП «КБ «ЮЖНОЕ» |journal=АВИАЦИОННО - КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ |date=2013 |volume=2013 nr. 01 |issue=98 |pages=44-50 |url=http://www.khai.edu/csp/nauchportal/Arhiv/AKTT/2013/AKTT113/Degtyar.pdf |accessdate=2016-07-11 |trans-title=THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOX - KEROSENE L IQUID ROCKET ENGINES FAMILY FOR PERSPECTIVE LAUNCH VEHICLES OF YUZHNOYE SDO BASED ON PROVEN TECHNOLOGIES|publisher=National Aerospace university them. NE Zhukovsky |format=PDF |language=Russian |issn=1727-7337}}</ref>
<ref name=ukrspexport-rd8>{{cite web |url=http://catalog.use.kiev.ua/index.php?page=catalog&cat_id=30&view=product&id=282 |title=RD-8 |publisher=Defense Industry Of Ukraine Products And Services |accessdate=2016-07-11}}</ref>
<ref name=yuzhnoye-rd8>{{cite web |url=http://www.yuzhnoye.com/en/technique/rocket-engines/steering/rd-8/ |title=RD-8 |publisher=Yuzhnoye |accessdate=2016-07-11}}</ref>
<ref name=yuzhmash-rd8>{{cite web |url=http://www.yuzhmash.com/production/index/rengines?id=15 |title=Liquid rocket engine RD-8 |publisher=Yuzhmash |accessdate=2015-05-29}}</ref>
}}


==See also==
The engine was designed for long service life (up to 4000 seconds), high reliability, and is the first smaller upper stage engine to use the staged combustion cycle.<ref name="yuzzi" />
*[[RD-120]] – The [[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]] second stage main engine which is the companion of the RD-8 and the basis for some of its derivatives.
*[[Zenit (rocket family)|Zenit]] – The launch vehicle family for which the RD-8 was developed.
*[[Mayak (rocket family)|Mayak]] – Prospective [[Ukraine|Ukrainian]] launch vehicle family for which the RD-805, RD-809M and RD-809K are being developed.
*[[Yuzhnoe Design Bureau]] - The RD-8 designer bureau.
*[[Yuzhmash]] - A multi-product machine-building company that's closely related to Yuzhnoe and manufactures the RD-8.


== References ==
==External links==
* [http://www.yuzhnoye.com/en/home/ Yuzhnoye Design Bureau English-language home page]
⚫
{{Reflist}}
* [http://www.yuzhmash.com/ Yuzhmash Home Page]


{{Rocket Engines}}
{{Rocket Engines}}
{{Russian and Soviet military designation sequences}}
{{Russian and Soviet military designation sequences}}


{{Rocket-stub}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rd-8 (Rocket Engine)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rd-8 (Rocket Engine)}}


[[Category:Rocket engines of Russia]]
[[Category:Space program of Ukraine]]
[[Category:Rocket engines of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Rocket engines of the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Rocket engines using kerosene propellant]]
[[Category:Rocket engines using kerosene propellant]]

Revision as of 19:56, 14 July 2016

For the Dominican Republic national highway #8, see DR-8.
RD-8 (РД-8)
Country of originSoviet Union
First flightApril 13, 1985
DesignerYuzhnoye Design Bureau
ManufacturerYuzhmash
ApplicationSecond Stage Vernier
Associated LVZenit
SuccessorRD-809M
StatusIn Production
Liquid-fuel engine
PropellantLOX / RG-1
Mixture ratio2.4
CycleStaged Combustion
Configuration
Chamber4
Performance
Thrust, vacuum78.45 kN (17,640 lbf)
Chamber pressure7.747 MPa (1,123.6 psi)
Specific impulse, vacuum342 s (3.35 km/s)
Burn time1100 s
Gimbal range±33°
Dimensions
Length1,500 mm (59 in)
Diameter4,000 mm (160 in)
Dry weight380 kg (840 lb)
Used in
Zenit family second stage
References
References[1][2][3][4][5][6]

The RD-8 (Russian: РД-8 and GRAU Index: 11D513) is an Ukrainian liquid propellant rocket engine burning LOX and RG-1 (a rocket grade kerosene) in a oxidizer rich staged combustion cycle.[5][6] It has a four combustion chambers that provide thrust vector control by gimbaling each of the nozzles in a single axis by +/- 33°.[2] It was designed in Ukraine by Yuzhnoye Design Bureau as the vernier thruster of the Zenit (GRAU: 11K77) second stage.[7] As such, it has always been paired with the RD-120 engine as main propulsion.[8][1]

It can only be started once, and as a high altitude engine it has a thrust of 78.45 kN (17,640 lbf) and a specific impulse of 342 s (3.35 km/s).[5][6] It is the first ever steering engine to use the staged combustion cycle, and as such is the basis for a family of planned engines for the Mayak launch vehicle family.[3]

References

  1. ^ a b Gunter Dirk Krebs (2015-12-15). "Zenit family". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 2016-07-14.
  2. ^ a b Brügge, Norbert (2016-07-11). "Ukrainian space-rocket and missile liquid-propellant engines". B14643.de. Retrieved 2015-08-06.
  3. ^ a b Degtyarev, A . V.; Shulga, V . A.; Zhivotov, A . I.; Dibrivny, A . V. (2013). "СОЗДАНИЕ СЕМЕЙСТВА КИСЛОРОДНО-КЕРОСИНОВЫХ ЖИДКОСТНЫХ РАКЕТНЫХ ДВИГАТЕЛЕЙ НА БАЗЕ ОТРАБОТАННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ДЛЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНЫХ РАКЕТ-НОСИТЕЛЕЙ ГП «КБ «ЮЖНОЕ»" [THE DEVELOPMENT OF LOX - KEROSENE L IQUID ROCKET ENGINES FAMILY FOR PERSPECTIVE LAUNCH VEHICLES OF YUZHNOYE SDO BASED ON PROVEN TECHNOLOGIES] (PDF). АВИАЦИОННО - КОСМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕХНИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ (in Russian). 2013 nr. 01 (98). National Aerospace university them. NE Zhukovsky: 44–50. ISSN 1727-7337. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
  4. ^ "RD-8". Defense Industry Of Ukraine Products And Services. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
  5. ^ a b c "RD-8". Yuzhnoye. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
  6. ^ a b c "Liquid rocket engine RD-8". Yuzhmash. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
  7. ^ "Двигатели 1944-2000: Аавиационные, Ракетные, Морские, Промышленные" [Aviadvigatel 19442-2000: Aviation, rocketry, naval and industry] (PDF) (in Russian). pp. 265–266. Retrieved 2015-07-25.
  8. ^ Hendrickx, Bart; Vis, Bert (2007-10-04). Energiya-Buran: The Soviet Space Shuttle (UK 2007 ed.). Springer. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-387-69848-9.

See also

  • RD-120 – The Zenit second stage main engine which is the companion of the RD-8 and the basis for some of its derivatives.
  • Zenit – The launch vehicle family for which the RD-8 was developed.
  • Mayak – Prospective Ukrainian launch vehicle family for which the RD-805, RD-809M and RD-809K are being developed.
  • Yuzhnoe Design Bureau - The RD-8 designer bureau.
  • Yuzhmash - A multi-product machine-building company that's closely related to Yuzhnoe and manufactures the RD-8.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=RD-8&oldid=729821911"