9K31 Strela-1

9K31 Strela-1
General Information
Type	Surface-to-air guided missile system
Local name	9K31 Strela-1
NATO designation	SA-9 Gaskin
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Manufacturer	OKB-16 Tochmasch
Technical specifications
length	1.803 m
diameter	120 mm
Combat weight	30.5 kg
span	375 mm
drive	Solid - rocket engine
speed	Mach 1.8
Range	9M31: 4.2 km 9M31M: 8.0 km
Service ceiling	9M31: 3.0 km 9M31M: 3.5 km
Furnishing
steering	Inertial navigation platform
Target location	Passive IR 9M31: 1–3 µm bandwidth 9M31M: 1–5 µm bandwidth
Warhead	2.75 kg fragmentation warhead
Detonator	Proximity and impact fuses
Weapon platforms	BRDM-2
Lists on the subject

9K31 Strela-1 ( Russian Стрела-1 'arrow') is a Soviet mobile short-range air defense system . The NATO code name is SA-9 Gaskin .

development

Development began in 1960 in the OKB-16 (Nudelman design office). The first systems were delivered to the Soviet land forces in 1968 . The Strela-1 was designed to protect mechanized formations.

vehicle

Missile launch boxes of the vehicle

The 9P31 vehicle is based on the chassis of the Russian BRDM-2 armored car . This vehicle was built according to the operational principles of the Soviet military doctrine, i. That is, the vehicles are buoyant and air-loadable. The vehicle has a crew of three. Instead of the small turret with the 14.5 mm MG, a starter turret that rotates through 360 ° was installed. Four guided missile start boxes are mounted on the side. In the marching position, the start boxes lie flat on the roof. The gunner with the optical sight is located in the tower behind a Plexiglas window. One vehicle per battery is equipped with four passive 9S16 radar receivers (NATO: Flat Box). Target acquisition is done optically by the gunner. In order to increase the probability of a hit, a volley of two guided missiles is usually fired at a target at an interval of five seconds. The launcher is reloaded by hand and takes around five minutes.

Guided missiles

Seeker head of the Strela-1

The 9M31 missile used many components from the portable 9K32 Strela-2 (SA-7 Grail). The uncooled infrared -Suchkopf the 9M31-missile uses a lead sulfide - Semiconductors and responsive to infrared radiation 1-3 micrometers wavelength. The improved 9M31M guided missile was introduced in 1970. This uses a nitrogen-cooled infrared seeker head that works on a wavelength of 1–5 µm. This is significantly more powerful and thus increases the range of the guided weapon.

Air targets approaching or flying past can be fought up to a flight speed of 310 m / s. The maximum airspeed for combating an airborne target that is flying away is 220 m / s. The target tracking by the missile is based on the principle of proportional approximation, i.e. H. the electronics calculate the angular velocity of the target and send control commands to bring the difference to zero. If the target comes within the response radius (5 m) of the proximity fuse , the fragmentation warhead is ignited. This weighs 2.75 kg with an explosive content of 1 kg and has an effective effective radius of seven to eight meters (depending on the target size). In the event of a direct hit, the warhead is triggered by the impact fuse. The maximum time of the guided flight is 14 seconds. If the missile misses the target, it will be out of focus after 16 seconds of flight time and fall to the ground.

commitment

The Strela-1 was designed to combat low-level aircraft and helicopters on the battlefield. According to Soviet operational doctrine, the operation should take place in conjunction with the Fla-Sfl ZSU-23-4 . In the Russian armed forces, the Strela-1 was replaced by the 9K35 Strela-10 .

The Strela-1 was used in various armed conflicts: in the Arab-Israeli wars , in the First Gulf War , the Second Gulf War , the Yugoslav Wars , in the former Soviet republics and on the African continent .

distribution

•  Algeria
•  Angola
•  Armenia
•  Egypt
•  Ethiopia
•  Benin
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina
•  Bulgaria
•  India
•  Iraq
•  Yemen
•  Croatia
•  Cuba
•  Lebanon
•  Libya
•  Mauritania
•  Mongolia
•  Mozambique
•  Nicaragua
•  Poland
•  Romania
•  Russia
•  Serbia
•  Slovenia
•  Syria
•  Tanzania
•  Czech Republic
•  Hungary
•  Ukraine
•  Vietnam

See also

• List of surface-to-air missiles

Web links

Commons : 9K31 Strela-1  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• SA-9 GASKIN / 9K31 Strela-1. In: fas.org. Retrieved November 3, 2015 . 
• 9K31 Strela-1 anti-aircraft missile complex. In: RWD (rocket and weapon technology service). rwd-mb3.de, accessed on November 3, 2015 . 
• SA-9 Gaskin 9K31 Strela-1 ground to air missile system technical data sheet specifications. In: armyrecognition.com. Retrieved November 3, 2015 . 
• Anti-aircraft missile complex 9K31 Strela-1 Strela-1M. In: tonnel-ufo.ru. Retrieved November 3, 2015 .