BRDM-2

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BRDM-2
BRDM-2

BRDM-2
General properties
crew 4 (commander, driver, gunner, loader)
length 6.10 m
width 2.35 m
height 2.31 m
Dimensions 7.9 / 7 tons
Armor and armament
Armor 7 mm (tub front), 10 mm (tower front)
Main armament 1 × oversized 14.5 mm MG KPWT
Secondary armament 1 × 7.62 mm MG PKT
agility
drive 1 × eight-cylinder diesel engine or eight-cylinder petrol engine
140 or 145 PS (103 or 107 kW)
Top speed 95 km / h or 110 km / h
Power / weight 19 PS / t (14 kWt −1 )
Range 1000 or 700 km

The BRDM-2 ( Russian Бронированная Разведывательно-Дозорная Машина , Bronirowannaja Raswedywatjelno-Dosornaja Maschina - armored reconnaissance patrol vehicle) is a fully amphibious , military scout car with all-wheel drive , the armor is designed to withstand 7.62 mm ammunition. The BRDM-2 was built in the USSR from 1966 .

In the National People's Army of the GDR, the wheeled armored vehicle was used as the 40P2 armored personnel carrier , or SPW-40P2 for short .

development

The amphibious armored car BRDM-2 (factory designation GAZ 41-08) was developed by WK Rubstow in the Dedkow OKB design office in the early 1960s and then mass-produced by the GAS plant in Gorki .

It was probably put into service in 1962, but the BRDM-2 did not make its first public appearance until a parade in 1966. The BRDM-2 was developed to replace the BRDM-1 , which was already available in large numbers . Improvements over the BRDM-1 were the increased performance and mobility, as well as a heavier armament, an NBC protection system and the installation of night vision devices.

technology

SPW-40P2 with lowered auxiliary wheels
Floating SPW-40P2 in the Saaler Bodden

The hull of the BRDM-2 is made of welded armor steel and offers protection against splinters and fire from 7.62 mm NATO ammunition. However, since the armor plates are only 14 mm thick, the vehicle is no longer safe against the 12.7 mm ammunition of heavy machine guns. The tub front has a ballistically favorable, angled shape. There is space for the driver and the commander in the front area of ​​the tub. Two bulletproof glass panes with fire flaps as well as a number of corner mirrors and an IR viewing device for the driver and commanders secure the view to the front. In addition, a number of angle mirrors are mounted on both sides of the tub. The only way to sit on the vehicle are two hatches that are attached to the roof of the vehicle in front of the tower. The water-cooled GAZ gasoline engine, which is separated from the fighting compartment by a fire bulkhead, is located in the rear part of the hull together with the 290 l fuel tank. It has an output of 140 hp (103 kW) and the torque is transmitted to all four wheels. The maximum achievable speed on paved roads is 100 km / h. Thanks to the hermetically sealed tub, the BRDM-2 can float without preparation. A steerable four-bladed propeller provides the drive in the water. A winch with a maximum pulling force of 4,000 kp (39 kN) is also installed. The air pressure of the four driven wheels of the BRDM-2 can be set centrally by the driver using the tire pressure control system in order to increase mobility. In addition, in extremely difficult terrain, two pairs of auxiliary wheels, each operated by a chain, can be lowered from the tank floor. The turret of the BRDM-2, which has no hatch, is identical to that of the BTR-60 PB armored personnel carrier and is not power operated, which means that it must be rotated manually by the gunner.

Armament / equipment

The shooter uses a PP-61-AM aiming device to engage the over-heavy 14.5mm KPWT -MG on ground targets up to 2000 m and air targets up to a distance of 1500 m. The KPW is a recoil loader with a short barrel return. There is no night vision sight, which severely limits the use of the armament. The 14.5 mm MG fires API, API-T, IT and HE-T ammunition. The API and API-T ammunition can penetrate armor plates with a thickness of 20 mm at 1000 m and 30 mm at 500 m. The PKT -MG, mounted parallel to the axis, is a gas pressure charger. Hard core and tracer incendiary bullets are fired . The on-board electrical system, to which the R-123 radio is connected with the on-board radio integrated into the armored hood, is fed by a 24 V battery. The hermetically sealed combat area of ​​the BRDM-2 has an NBC protection and ventilation system that pumps filtered fresh air into the combat area and generates overpressure through various cracks and seals to protect against the ingress of NBC-contaminated ambient air. A manually focusable 200 W xenon searchlight with an IR filter mounted outside in front of the commander's hatch improves night vision when using the IR vision devices.

Versions

The basic version of the BRDM-2 also served as the basis for a large number of weapon systems, for example as a carrier for the 9K31 Strela-1 anti-aircraft missile or as a tank destroyer, equipped with Sagger, Spandrel or Swatter LFKs.

ATGW LFK starter (BRDM-2)

Romanian 9P148 with anti-tank missiles 9K111 Fagot and 9K113 bankrupt

The BRDM-2, modified for firing anti-tank missiles, have a target device in front of the commander's hatch for guiding the guided missile (LFK). The tower was removed and replaced with a starter that could be lowered into the hull. Depending on the version, this starter has an armor plate mounted as a splinter protection and can fire various types of missiles. There is also a device for steering the missile outside the vehicle (max. 80 m). The following versions were manufactured or modified from existing vehicles:

  • 9P122 with six-way LFK starter 9K11 Maljutka ,
  • 9P124 with quadruple MCLOS-LFK starter 2K8 Falanga,
  • 9P133 with six-way SACLOS-LFK starter 9K14 Maljutka,
  • 9P137 with five-way LFK starter 9K113 bankruptcy ,
  • 9P148 with five-way LFK starter 9K111 Fagot and 9K113 bankruptcy

The most commonly used missile is the 9K113 bankruptcy. The corresponding starter can be reloaded in just 25 seconds, and up to ten additional missiles can be carried internally. For those users who can afford it financially, the previously used 9K113 bankruptcy will likely be gradually replaced by the more modern 9K113M with tandem hollow charge warhead.

9K31 Strela-1

9K31 Strela-1 in an Israeli museum

The light FlaRak self-propelled gun 9P31 BRDM-2 TEL (Transporter-Erector-Launcher = Transporter-Erector-Launcher) has a power-operated SAM starter that can be rotated 360 ° with four SAM 9K31 Strela-1 rocket containers instead of the tower . During transport, they are in a horizontal position to reduce the silhouette of the vehicle. In addition, four more surface-to-air missiles are stowed in the combat area, with which the launch device can be reloaded within five minutes. In the lower central part of the launcher, behind a plexiglass window, is the optical sight for aiming at the target. In addition, there is an inertial navigation system on board, which enables the commander to reach predetermined launch positions without problems. The name for the 9K31 Strela-1 carrying BRDM-2 is SPU. Rockets of the type 9M31 ZRK-BD Strela-1 are fired with the 9K31 Strela-1a and with the 9K31 Strela-1b of the much more powerful type 9M31M, which offers improved target acquisition and tracking thanks to a further developed PbS radar search device. This system is suitable for combating aerial targets up to an altitude of 6100 m and a distance of 8000 m. Compared to the 9K31 Strela-1a, these parameters have almost doubled, because here the maximum operating altitude is 3500 m and the distance is 4200 m. Slow flying objects can be fought with the 9M31M even up to a distance of 11,000 m. To increase the probability of being hit, two rockets are often fired at a target with a time delay of 5 seconds. Normally, a vehicle is additionally equipped with passive radar warning antennas "Flat Box-A" for each battery, which are distributed over the vehicle in such a way that they cover a 360 ° area. To distinguish this, this version has the designation 9K31 Strela-1A / BRDM-2A1, while the vehicles without radar antennas are listed as 9K31 Strela-1B / BRDM-2A2.

BRDM-2Rkhb

In the course of time an ABC reconnaissance variant called BRDM-2Rkhb was developed. The four additional letters in the name stand for atomic-chemical-biological clarification. This version has a pivoting device for deploying warning flags in contaminated areas. A particular disadvantage was the high risk of fire when waving the signal flags in the marching position, as they came to lie directly above the exhaust pipes.

BRDM-2U

The BRDM-2U is a telecommunications and command model that has been equipped with an additional generator and communications equipment. The vehicle can be easily identified by the missing tower and the many antennas.

BRDM-2M (A)

BRDM-2M (A)

The modernized version with a lower mass, developed primarily for the Russian army by the mechanical engineering factory Arsamas, by dispensing with the four central additional wheels and integrating trapezoidal doors of the BTR-70. The suspension was taken over from the BTR-80. The diesel engine was replaced by a gasoline engine with 136 hp (100 kW). The firing angle for the 14.5 mm machine gun has been increased to + 60 °. The vehicle was also equipped with modern R-163 and R-173 radios.

BRDM P

Version used by the Polish Army with additional welded hatches in the middle of the vehicle sides.

Efforts to modernize the BRDM-2 resulted in the model SMD-21-8 with a diesel engine of 145 HP (107 kW), which is more economical than the Otto engine and accordingly enables a larger driving range. In Poland, a basic model of the BRDM-2 was converted in such a way that a 12.7 mm MG could be mounted in the turret. Other attempts at modernization in Poland are the installation of residual light amplifiers and a laser range finder for the shooter and a version with reconnaissance radar instead of the turret. Although the BRDM-2 is already considered obsolete, it is in service in many countries because of its low unit price and ease of use.

Technical specifications

Data of the standard version with diesel engine (if known) Data of the SPW40 P2 at the NVA, with gasoline engine
crew 4th 4 (commander, driver, gunner and loader)
Armament 1 × 14.5 mm, 1 × 7.62 mm (coaxial)
ammunition 500 × 14.5 mm, 2000 × 7.62 mm
Length (overall): 6.1 m 5.75 m
Tub length 6.1 m 5.75 m
width 2.35 m
Height to the commander's cupola 2.31 m
Ground clearance 0.43 m
Combat weight 7.9 tons 7.0 tons
Force-weight coefficient 19 PS / t (14 kWt −1 )
engine V8 diesel engine SMD-21-08 with water cooling and 145 PS (107 kW) V8 gasoline engine GAS-41 with water cooling and 140 PS (103 kW)
Top speed 95 km / h (road) / 4.5 km / h (water) 110 km / h (road) / 5 km / h (water)
Maximum range 1000 km (road) 700 (street)
Fuel capacity 290 liters
Trench width Max. 1.25 m
gradient 60%
Armor (thickness of, max.) 10 mm (tower front) / 7 mm (tub front) + folded surge board
NBC protection available Yes
Night vision equipment yes (infrared only) ( driver / commander ), additional IR searchlight yes (infrared only) ( driver / commander )
additive To cope with difficult terrain, the BRDM can lower four additional chain-driven wheels under the center of the tub

User states

Current users

  • EgyptEgypt Egypt - As of January 2018, 300 BRDM-2 and an unknown number in the 9P148 version with 9K11 missiles are in service.
  • AlgeriaAlgeria Algeria - As of January 2018, there are 26 BRDM-2 and 64 9P148 with 9M133 missiles in service.
  • AngolaAngola Angola - As of January 2018, there are 600 BRDM-2 in service.
  • Equatorial GuineaEquatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea - As of January 2018, there are 6 BRDM-2 in service.
  • ArmeniaArmenia Armenia - As of January 2018, there are 9 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters in service with 9K113 missiles.
  • EthiopiaEthiopia Ethiopia - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • BeninBenin Benin - As of January 2018, there are 14 BRDM-2 in service.
  • BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria - As of January 2018, there are 24 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters with 9K113 missiles in service.
  • BurundiBurundi Burundi - As of January 2018, there are 30 BRDM-2 in service.
  • Ivory CoastIvory Coast Ivory Coast - As of January 2018, there are 13 BRDM-2 in service.
  • EritreaEritrea Eritrea - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • Guinea-aGuinea Guinea - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • Guinea-BissauGuinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau - As of January 2018, 10 BRDM-2 are in service.
  • IndiaIndia India - As of January 2018, there are 110 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters in service with 9K113 missiles.
  • IndonesiaIndonesia Indonesia - As of January 2018, there are 21 BRDM-2 in service.
  • YemenYemen Yemen - As of January 2018, there are some BRDM-2 in service.
  • Cape VerdeCape Verde Cape Verde - As of January 2018, 10 BRDM-2 are in service.
  • KazakhstanKazakhstan Kazakhstan - As of January 2018, there are 40 BRDM-2 in service.
  • KyrgyzstanKyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan - As of January 2018, there are 30 BRDM-2 in service.
  • CubaCuba Cuba - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • LaosLaos Laos - Russia handed over several BRDM-2Ms to Laos in 2018/2019.
  • MadagascarMadagascar Madagascar - As of January 2018, there are approximately 35 BRDM-2s in service.
  • North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia North Macedonia - As of January 2018, there are 10 BRDM-2 in service.
  • MongoliaMongolia Mongolia - As of January 2018, there are 120 BRDM-2s in service.
  • MozambiqueMozambique Mozambique - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • NamibiaNamibia Namibia - As of January 2018 there are 12 BRDM-2 in service.
  • NicaraguaNicaragua Nicaragua - As of January 2018, there are 20 BRDM-2 in service.
  • PeruPeru Peru - As of January 2018, there are 30 BRDM-2 in service.
  • PolandPoland Poland - As of January 2018, there are 282 BRDM-2s in service.
  • Congo RepublicRepublic of the Congo Republic of the Congo - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • RomaniaRomania Romania - As of January 2018, there are 48 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters in service with 9K113 missiles.
  • RussiaRussia Russia
    Russian Army - As of January 2018, there are 1000 BRDM-2 in service.
    Russian Marines - As of January 2018, 60 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters with 9K111-1 missiles are in service.
  • ZambiaZambia Zambia - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • SerbiaSerbia Serbia - As of January 2018, there are 46 BRDM-2 in service. In 2017, another 30 BRDM-2 were ordered.
  • SlovakiaSlovakia Slovakia - As of January 2018, an unknown number of 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters with 9K113 missiles are in service.
  • SyriaSyria Syria - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2, 9P133 with 9K11-Maljutka and 9P148 ATGW-LKF starters with 9K113 missiles are in service.
  • TanzaniaTanzania Tanzania - As of January 2018, 10 BRDM-2 are in service.
  • ChadChad Chad - As of January 2018, there are approximately 100 BRDM-2 in service.
  • TurkmenistanTurkmenistan Turkmenistan - As of January 2018, 200 BRDM-2, 8 9P122 ATGW-LKF starters with 9K11M missiles, 8 9P133 ATGW-LKF starters with 9K11 missiles and 2 9P148 ATGW-LKF starters with 9K113 missiles are in service.
  • UkraineUkraine Ukraine - As of January 2018, there are 433 BRDM-2s in service.
  • UzbekistanUzbekistan Uzbekistan - As of January 2018, there are 13 BRDM-2s in service.
  • VietnamVietnam Vietnam - As of January 2018, an unknown number of BRDM-2s are in service.
  • BelarusBelarus Belarus - As of January 2018, there are 75 9P148 ATGW-LFK starters in service with 9K113 missiles.
  • Central African RepublicCentral African Republic Central African Republic - As of January 2018, 1 BRDM-2 is in service.

Former users

  • GambiaGambia Gambia - Decommissioned by January 2018.
  • CambodiaCambodia Cambodia - As of January 2018, 4 BRDM-2 were decommissioned.
  • LesothoLesotho Lesotho - As of January 2018, 2 BRDM-2 were decommissioned.
  • MaliMali Mali - Decommissioned by January 2018.
  • Moldova RepublicRepublic of Moldova Moldova - Decommissioned by January 2018.
  • SeychellesSeychelles Seychelles - As of January 2018, 6 BRDM-2s were decommissioned.

Web links

Commons : BRDM-2  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Легендарная бронемашина БРДМ-2 подверглась модернизации. In: ООО “ВО-медиа” - “Военное обозрение”. topwar.ru, November 19, 2014, accessed August 28, 2019 (Russian).
  2. ↑ Бронированная разведывательно-дозорная машина (БДРМ-2): история, ТТХ и модернизация. soldats.club, May 5, 2018, accessed August 28, 2019 (Russian).
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS): The Military Balance 2018 . 1st edition. Routledge, London 2018, ISBN 978-1-85743-955-7 (English, January 2018).
  4. ↑ Dmitry Fediushko, Moscow - Jane's Defense Weekly: Russia hands over second batch of T-72 tanks, BRDM-2M ARVs to Laos (English)
  5. ↑ Putin to approve weapons delivery to the Balkans, says Serbian defense minister