GAZ-42
| GAZ | |
|---|---|
 A GAZ-42 in 1943, as well as the scheme of the propulsion system
|
|
| GAZ-42 | |
| Manufacturer: | Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod |
| Sales designation: | ГАЗ-42 |
| Production period: | 1939-1946 |
| Previous model: | none |
| Successor: | none |
| Technical specifications | |
| Engines: | Otto engine, converted to gas drive |
| Power: | 22 kW |
| Payload: | 1.2 t |
| Perm. Total weight: | 3.25 t |
The GAZ-42 ( Russian ГАЗ-42 ) was a light truck that was produced by Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (GAZ) in 1939-1946. It was designed on the basis of the GAZ-AA , but the series-produced vehicles already corresponded to the successor, the GAZ-MM , except for the drive . The truck was powered by wood gas rather than gasoline .
Vehicle history
In the 1930s, there were still areas in the northern part of the RSFSR that could not be adequately supplied with conventional fuels such as gasoline and diesel. Correspondingly, there were vehicles from domestic truck production in particular that were instead powered by wood gas. In order to generate wood gas, a so-called wood gasifier was installed on the loading area. This is a steel boiler in which the wood is heated in the absence of air. It releases flammable gases with which a gasoline engine can be operated. Wood was readily available in the northern areas. Such vehicle versions were not only available from GAZ-AA, a wood gas truck was also mass-produced on the basis of the ZIS-5 , the ZIS-21 .
The first tests with this type of drive were made in the vehicle construction institute NATI . From 1935 to 1936, a steelworks built a small series of 76 gas generators of the type W-5, which were intended for the GAZ-AA truck. Series production with these drives began in 1939, the truck was called the GAZ-42 and was based on the GAZ-MM chassis, which had been slightly revised compared to the GAZ-AA. With the GAZ-43 there was also a model that ran on coal instead of wood.
In 1942, changes to the trucks were made due to the war. Fenders were simplified, body parts made of wood, a headlight saved and roofs made with tarpaulins. Production was stopped in 1946. Up to this point in time, 33,840 GAZ-42s had been built.
Aside from the huge advantage that a wood gasifier truck could run independently of liquid fuel, the vehicles had major disadvantages. The engine could generate significantly less power with wood gas than with gasoline. It also takes time for the wood gasifier to heat up and give off enough gas to drive. Accordingly, the vehicles with a secure fuel supply were also displaced in the far north of the Soviet Union. Today there is no known surviving vehicle powered by wood gas.
Technical specifications
For the GAZ-42 model.
- Engine: four-cylinder gasoline engine , propelled by wood gas instead of gasoline
- Power: 30 HP (22 kW)
- Displacement: 3285 cm³
- Bore: 98.43 mm
- Stroke: 107.95 mm
- Transmission: manual four-speed gearbox
- Top speed: 50 km / h
- Range: 80 km with one wooden filling
- Drive formula : 4 × 2
Dimensions and weights
- Length: 5335 mm
- Width: 2040 mm
- Height: 1970 mm
- Wheelbase: 3340 mm
- Ground clearance: 200 mm
- Tire size: 6.50-20
- Payload: 1200 kg
- Empty weight: 2050 kg
- Permissible total weight: 3250 kg
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d On the history of the vehicle and the wood gas drive in the Soviet Union in general (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d Technical data of the GAZ-42 (English)
