GAZ-66
| GAZ | |
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 Restored GAZ-66 in a Russian exhibition (2015)
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| GAZ-66 | |
| Manufacturer: | Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod |
| Sales designation: | ГАЗ-66 |
| Production period: | 1964-1999 |
| Previous model: | GAZ-63 |
| Successor: | GAZ-3308 |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Flatbed, various superstructures |
| Engines: | ZMZ-66 |
| Power: | 85 kW |
| Payload: | 2 t |
| Perm. Total weight: | 5.8 t |
The GAZ-66 ( Russian ГАЗ-66 ) is an all-wheel drive light truck made by the Soviet / Russian vehicle manufacturer Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Sawod (GAZ). This truck is used in many countries of the former Eastern Bloc . The vehicle is also nicknamed Schischiga (шишига) and Schescherik (шешерик). The German transcription used occasionally is GAS-66 .
Vehicle history
First efforts to replace the pre-war construction of the GAZ-63 were made in Gorky in the early 1960s. Via the unsuccessful intermediate step of the GAZ-62 , of which only prototypes were built, the GAZ-66 was created, which had some major changes compared to its predecessor. The terrain properties have been improved by lowering the vehicle's center of gravity and creating a wider track. It was one of the first Soviet trucks with a V8 gasoline engine and power steering. In addition, the spare wheel holder was placed behind the driver's cab in order not to reduce the ground clearance of the vehicle with a spare wheel attached under the truck. The driver's cab can be completely folded forward for repairs in the engine compartment, which was rather unusual in the Soviet Union at the time. The first prototypes were assembled in November 1963, and series production began on July 1, 1964.
Vehicles produced up to 1967 had minor differences in the cab compared to later models. In 1969 the truck was awarded the State Seal of Quality of the USSR . In 1981, GAZ revised the truck's lighting system. At the beginning of 1985, the vehicles were modernized and equipped with a slightly more powerful Otto engine (now 120 HP instead of 115 HP).
Even after the collapse of the Soviet Union , the vehicle was still manufactured. From 1993 there were models with naturally aspirated and turbo diesel engines from GAZ's in-house production. On July 1, 1999, series production was officially discontinued after 35 years, but even after that, smaller quantities were made to order. A total of 965,941 GAZ-66 trucks were produced. Successor was the GAZ-3308 .
The GDR's National People's Army received the truck, but only a few were used for civilian purposes, for example for drilling equipment. To this day the GAZ-66 is used by various armies in Eastern Europe. The vehicle, which is occasionally compared with the German Unimog , is also used in truck trials or by classic car enthusiasts.
Model variants
The following list does not claim to be complete, but includes many of the vehicle versions produced.
- GAZ-62 - optically similar prototype from 1959, which was still equipped with the six-cylinder engine of the predecessor and was only designed for a little over half of the later payload.
- GAZ-66 - basic variant, built from 1964 to 1984. Later the vehicle was designated as GAZ-66-01.
- GAZ-66A - model with cable winch, built from 1964 to 1984, later called GAZ-66-02.
- GAZ-66E - (Russian ГАЗ-66Э) vehicle with shielded electrics and tire pressure regulation system . Built 1964 to 1968, later called GAZ-66-03.
- GAZ-66E - version without tire pressure control, but with shielded electrical system, produced from 1964 to 1984 and later called GAZ-66-04 to distinguish it.
- GAZ-66AE - With winch and shielded electrics, built 1964 to 1984 and later listed as GAZ-66-05.
- GAZ-66B - airborne version. To save weight, various pieces of equipment were removed and the roof made as a tarpaulin.
- GAZ-66P - prototype of a tractor unit, not built in series.
- GAZ-33 - prototype of a three-axis version, also not built in series.
- GAZ-66-11 - Modernized version with now 120 PS (88 kW) power. This model was mass-produced from January 1985.
- GAZ-66-12 - Modernized version with a cable winch, built from 1985.
- GAZ-66-14 - Modernized version with shielded electrics, also introduced in 1985.
- GAZ-66-15 - combination of the special features of the GAZ-66-12 and GAZ-66-14 models, also built from 1985
- GAZ-66-16 - Version built from 1991 with a wooden loading area. In addition, the tire pressure control and the second fuel tank were omitted.
- GAZ-66-21 - From 1993, a version with a larger wooden loading area and a revised chassis was also produced.
- GAZ-66-30 - chassis for a version as a tipper.
- GAZ-66-31 - chassis for a tipper, the design corresponded to the GAZ-66-16.
- GAZ-66-40 - Model variant built from 1993 to 1999 with a GAZ-544 turbo diesel engine.
- GAZ-66-41 - Equipped with a naturally aspirated diesel engine type GAZ-5441, built from 1993 to 1999.
- GAZ-66-81 - export version for the temperate climate zone.
- GAZ-66-91 - export version for tropical climates.
- GAZ-66-92 - version for particularly cold regions. An additional battery and a stronger heater were installed, as well as double glazing. Built from 1987.
- GAZ-66-96 - chassis for superstructures for passenger transportation.
In addition, there were a number of special bodies based on the GAZ-66 that follow a completely different numbering scheme. An example is the apron tanker ЗСЖ-66. Fire engines have also been built on the GAZ-66. The all-terrain bus PAZ-3201 , which was manufactured from 1972 to 1989, uses the chassis of the GAZ-66.
Technical specifications
For the basic model GAZ-66 (GAZ-66-01). The data may differ slightly for other model variants and structures.
- Engine: V8 petrol engine
- Engine type: ZMZ-66
- Power: 115 PS (85 kW)
- maximum torque: 284 Nm
- Displacement: 4254 cm³
- Tank capacity: 2 × 105 l
- Consumption: 24 l / 100 km
- Range: 875 km
- Transmission: manual four-speed gearbox, two-stage off-road reduction
- Top speed: 90 km / h
- maximum negotiable slope: 30 °
- Wading depth: 1 m
- Drive formula : 4 × 4
Dimensions and weights
- Length: 5655 mm
- Width: 2322 mm
- Height: 2440 mm above the cabin
- Wheelbase: 3300 mm
- Front track: 1800 mm
- Rear track: 1750 mm
- Ground clearance: 315 mm
- Turning circle: 19 m
- Tire dimension: 12.00-18 "
- Empty weight: 3470 kg
- permissible total weight: 5800 kg
- Payload: 2000 kg
- permissible trailer load: 2000 kg
literature
- Ralf Kunkel: Type compass. GDR trucks. Imports from the USSR. Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart, 1st edition 2015, ISBN 978-3-613-03799-1 .
- LM Shugurov: АВТОМОБИЛИ России и СССР . Second part. Ilbi / Prostreks, Moscow 1994, ISBN 5-87483-006-5 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Detailed website for the vehicle with history and technical data. (Russian)
- ↑ Website on the history of the GAZ-66 with a historical picture from production at GAZ. (Russian)
- ↑ Website for the International Truck Trial Championship 2015 with participating GAZ-66.
- ↑ Comment on the comparison with the Unimog 404. ( Memento from October 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
