GAZ-53
| GAZ | |
|---|---|
 A GAZ-53 (flatbed truck) in Kirov, 2008
|
|
| GAZ-53 | |
| Manufacturer: | Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod |
| Sales designation: | ГАЗ-53 |
| Production period: | 1961-1992 / 93 |
| Previous model: | GAZ-51 |
| Successor: | GAZ-3307 |
| Technical specifications | |
| Designs: | Flatbed, various superstructures |
| Engines: | V8 petrol engines |
| Power: | 60-88.3 kW |
| Payload: | 3–4.5 t |
| Perm. Total weight: | up to 8 t |
The GAZ-53 ( Russian ГАЗ-53 ) is a truck of the Soviet / Russian vehicle manufacturer Gorkowski Avtomobilny Sawod (Russian Горьковский автомобильный завод (ГАЗ)). It was produced in different versions from 1961 to 1993 and was widely used in the former Soviet Union. Over four million copies of the truck were made. The GAZ-52 is a very similar but slightly lighter model with the same cab as the GAZ-53. The KAwZ-685 bus is technically based on the GAZ-53.
Model history
.jpg)
Already in the early 1960s there was an active search for a successor to the GAZ-51 truck . The occasion for the new development was also the celebrations for the production of the two millionth GAZ-51. The GAZ-53F was finally developed, which used the chassis of the GAZ-51 and the cabin of the existing GAZ-52, the payload was three and a half, later only three tons. The first new truck left the Nizhny Novgorod plant on September 23, 1961 . However, the serious shortage of engines of the new type SMS-53 in particular meant that only a few of the trucks could be produced.
In 1965 the GAZ-53A was developed, which differed from the first version only in terms of appearance, however. However, it received a new chassis, which now allowed four tons of payload. Production of the GAZ-53F ceased in 1967. In 1973 the GAZ-53A received the state seal of approval of the USSR . Production of the previous model GAZ-51 did not end until 1975.
In 1983 the last major revision, the GAZ-53-12 with the new SMS-53-11 petrol engine and four and a half tons of payload, was introduced. It replaced the GAZ-53A in the same year. Around 1986 some minor revisions were made to the interior and the lighting. At the beginning of 1993, after 32 years of production, the last GAZ-53 truck rolled off the assembly line, after some vehicles of the successor GAZ-3307 had already been mounted on the old chassis.
Technical specifications
For the GAZ-53A model.
- Engine: eight-cylinder gasoline engine, V-shaped cylinder arrangement
- Engine type: SMS-53, also known as "GAZ-53"
- Power: 115 PS (85 kW)
- Displacement: 4.25 l
- Compression: 6.7: 1
- Top speed: 85 km / h
- Consumption: 24 l / 100 km
- Transmission: mechanical, four forward gears, one reverse gear
- Clutch: single-plate dry clutch
- Seats in the driver's cab: 2
- Drive formula : 4 × 2
Dimensions and weights
- Length: 6395 mm
- Width: 2380 mm
- Height: 2220 mm
- Ground clearance: 265 mm
- Wheelbase: 3700 mm
- Empty weight: 3250 kg
- Payload: 4000 kg
- Permissible total weight: 7400 kg
Model variants
Various trucks for different purposes were manufactured on the basis of the GAZ-53. The following overview is not exhaustive.
- GAZ-53F - original variant, manufactured on the chassis of the GAZ-51 from 1961 to 1967
- GAZ-53A - platform variant, manufactured from 1965 to 1983
- GAZ-SAZ-53B - chassis for tipper bodies, manufactured from 1966 to 1984
- GAZ-53-12 - flatbed, built from 1983 to early 1993
- GAZ-53-27 - model powered by natural gas , five individual gas tanks
- GAZ-SAZ-3507 - modernized chassis for tippers, built from 1984 to 1992
- DUK-1 - A GAZ-53A with a special structure for decontamination
- PU-53 - sweeper, built from 1966. The time of the end of production is unknown
- WPM-53A - GAZ-53A-based sweeper, built from 1966 to 1970
- M-30 - a garbage truck for removing large garbage cans
- 53M - garbage truck with press and hydraulically tilting attachment, produced from 1967 to 1983
- Schzsa 3716 - refrigerated vehicle with box body based on the GAZ-53A
- ANM-53 - tank truck for sewage disposal, built 1975 to 1983
- KS-1562 and KS-1572 - mobile cranes
In addition, variants of the GAZ-53-12 with natural gas and liquid gas drive were produced. Various fire engines were also manufactured on the basis of the GAZ-53. The PAZ-672 and PAZ-3201 buses use the engine and gearbox of the GAZ-53A.
Others
Visually, the GAZ-53 can hardly be distinguished from the lighter GAZ-52, as both use the same cab and the external dimensions differ by only a few millimeters. Small things, such as the headlight arrangement, have been changed over and over again, but many parts are easy to replace. More than 20 years after the end of production, they are often no longer a reliable distinction. Furthermore, the GAZ-52 was delivered with rims with six large cutouts, while the GAZ-53 was delivered with rims with only three holes at a distance of 120 degrees . However, since the bolt circles and the rim sizes are the same for both vehicles, the wheels can also be exchanged between the trucks as required. The only reliable differentiation is the engine, a six-cylinder gasoline engine is installed in the GAZ-52, and an eight-cylinder gasoline engine in the GAZ-53. In total, four times as many GAZ-53s were built as GAZ-52s, of which only a little over a million copies were made.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Note, among other things, on the number of units built (Russian)
- ↑ Technical data of the GAZ-53A (Russian)
- ↑ Model variants with individual technical data and illustrations (Russian)
- ↑ Differences between GAZ-52 and GAZ-53 (Russian)
- ↑ Page on the GAZ-52 with precise information on the number of pieces ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (Russian)
Web links
- History of the GAZ-53F (Russian)
- History of the GAZ-53 (Russian)
- History of the GAZ-53A (Russian)
- Comments on GAZ-53-12 (Russian)
- Various dates and facts (Russian)
- Technical data for various model variants (Russian)