GAZ-69

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GAZ
Gaz69-2.jpg
GAZ-69
Sales designation: ГАЗ-69
Production period: 1953-1972
Class : Off-road vehicle
Body versions : Kübelwagen
Engines: Otto engine :
2.12 liters (40 kW)
Length: 3850 mm
Width: 1850 mm
Height: 2030 mm
Wheelbase : 2300 mm
Empty weight : 1525 kg
Previous model GAZ-67
successor UAZ-469

The GAZ-69 ( Russian ГАЗ-69 ) is an off-road vehicle with all-wheel drive, which was first mass-produced by the Soviet Gorkowski Avtomobilny Sawod (GAZ) from 1953 . It is the successor to the GAZ-67B from 1944 and was replaced by the UAZ-469 in the early 1970s . Identical vehicles were also given the designation UAZ-69 as part of a manufacturer change . The Romanian vehicle manufacturer ARO produced the vehicle in various versions from 1957 under license.

Vehicle history

A GAZ-69 from the production of the UAZ plant
GAZ-69A with four instead of two doors
GAZ-69A, rear view
GAZ-69A, dashboard
Engine compartment of the GAZ-69
2P26
Romanian license version ARO M461

The first prototypes of the vehicle were produced as early as October 1947. The shape of the body differed from that of the later production vehicle. A second and third series of prototypes were built in February 1948, and all variants were extensively tested for 12,500 kilometers. The factory tests were completed in the summer of 1948 and the vehicle was recommended for production.

In May 1951, the GAZ plant built the prototype of a four-door version, which would later be produced as the GAZ-69A. This vehicle was also subjected to tests which were completed by September 1951. A series production was still not approved, instead the production of the predecessor GAZ-67 continued.

Series production of the vehicle began on August 25, 1953. The delays were also due to the fact that the production was classified as militarily relevant and extensive safety precautions were taken. The assembly took place in a separate production complex that was only allowed to be entered by selected persons. The vehicle was presented at a parade in Moscow on November 7, 1953. A total of 1302 had left the factory premises by the end of the year.

A year later, in 1954, production was relocated from Gorky to Ulyanovsky Avtomobilny Zavod . The Gorky plant had chronic problems because too many models were being produced at once. By abandoning production of the GAZ-69, capacities for truck production became available. There were no technical changes, only the lettering on the bonnet changed from GAZ to UAZ. In 1957 the Romanian manufacturer ARO started production under license. Initially, the vehicles were built under the name IMS 57, from 1959 under changing names.

A few years before the end of production, UAZ released a revised version of the vehicle with a more powerful 2.4-liter engine, which was called the GAZ-69M or UAZ-69M. There was also such a version of the GAZ-69A, which was called GAZ-69AM or UAZ-69AM. In 1972 the production of all variants in Ulyanovsk ended in favor of the successor UAZ-469 . A total of 634,285 copies of all versions were made. These included 356,642 GAZ-69, 230,185 GAZ-69A and 10,551 of the revised versions GAZ-69M and GAZ-69AM. Production in Romania only ended in 1975, where another 100,000 units were built.

The GAZ-69 was exported to a total of 56 countries. The GDR imported from 1961 to 2500 copies and an additional nearly 5000 pieces of Romanian production.

Model versions

The vehicle was produced by various manufacturers over two decades with various modifications. The following list gives an overview of selected variants and does not claim to be complete.

  • GAZ-69 - The basic two-door version of the vehicle was mass-produced initially at GAZ and later at UAZ from 1953.
  • GAZ-69A - version of the vehicle with four doors.
  • GAZ-69E - model with shielded electrics. The on-board electrical system and especially the ignition system should be protected against the effects of electromagnetic radiation.
  • GAZ-69M - Also known as the UAZ-69M. This version had a more powerful engine with 65 hp (48 kW) and a displacement of 2.4 liters.
  • GAZ-69AM - Also known as UAZ-69AM, GAZ-69A with a more powerful engine.
  • GAZ-69-98 - version developed by UAZ, which has additional side windows.
  • GAZ-46 - amphibious vehicle that uses the chassis and technology of the GAZ-69.
  • GAZ-M72 - In order to make the vehicle more comfortable, the body of the GAZ-M20 Pobeda was placedon the chassis of the GAZ-69. The resulting GAZ-M72 was built in series from 1955 to 1958.
  • UAZ-450 - UAZ developed an all-wheel drive van based on the GAZ-69, which took over the entire chassis of the off-road vehicle and also the technology. The vehicle is the forerunner of the well-known UAZ-452 .
  • UAZ-450A - version of UAZ-450 as ambulances .
  • UAZ-450D - version of the UAZ-450 as a flatbed truck .
  • 2P26 - Army vehicle that served as the basis for the 2K15 Schmel anti-tank missile .
  • IMS 57 - The first licensed version of the Romanian manufacturer ARO, which was built from 1957 to 1959 in around 2000 copies.
  • M59 - The second licensed version of the GAZ-69, built by ARO from 1959 to 1964. Various changes and improvements were made to the original, with a total of around 21,000 vehicles built.
  • M461 - Third licensed version of ARO, built from 1964 to 1969. There were also variants with imported American diesel engines. The vehicle was exported to many countries, including Colombia .
  • M461C - Modernized version of the M461, manufactured from 1969 to 1975. A total of 80,223 of the two variants were built.
  • Kaengsaeng-68 - Licensed version from North Korea

Technical specifications

The data apply to the basic model GAZ-69, although the specifications of the other models differ only slightly.

  • Engine: four-cylinder in-line petrol engine
  • Engine type: "GAZ-69"
  • Nominal power: 55 PS (40 kW)
  • Max. Torque: 12.7 kpm (124.6 Nm)
  • Displacement: 2120 cm³
  • Stroke: 100 mm
  • Bore: 82 mm
  • Compression: 6.2: 1 to 6.5: 1
  • Tank capacity: 48 l and 27 l in the reserve tank
  • Clutch: single-plate dry clutch
  • Transmission: mechanical, three gears, first gear unsynchronized
  • Reduction: two-stage ground reduction
  • Top speed: 90 km / h
  • Drive formula : 4 × 4

Dimensions and weights

  • Length: 3850 mm
  • Width: 1850 mm
  • Height: 2030 mm
  • Wheelbase: 2300 mm
  • Ground clearance: 210 mm
  • Front and rear track: 1440 mm
  • Turning circle (diameter): 13 m
  • Empty weight: 1525 kg
  • Payload: two people plus 500 kg, alternatively eight people (including driver)
  • permissible total weight: 2175 kg
  • Trailer load: 800 kg
  • Front axle load: 940 kg
  • Rear axle load: 1235 kg
  • Tire dimension: 6.50 × 16 "

literature

  • Uwe Miethe: picture atlas of the GDR road traffic. Cars and commercial vehicles. GeraMond, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-7654-7692-1 .
  • New Soviet passenger car "GAS-69". In: Motor vehicle technology 8/1953, p. 260.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Detailed history of the vehicle, its model versions and their development (Russian)
  2. ↑ a b Overview of the vehicle history and the resulting model variants (English)
  3. ↑ a b Detailed technical data of almost all built variants (English)
  4. ↑ Full website on the history of IMS 57 and the technical specifications (english)
  5. ↑ Detailed website for the M59 (English)
  6. ↑ Website for the M461 with history and technical data (English)
  7. ↑ To the modernized M461C (English)
  8. ↑ Sectional view of the GAZ-69 engine (Russian)

Web links

Commons : GAZ-69  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files