General Electric YJ93: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Turbojet engine}} |
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{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin |
{|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin |
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|name= YJ93 |
|name= YJ93 |
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|image = |
|image = File:General Electric YJ93-G-3.jpg |
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|caption = YJ93-GE-3 engine at [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] |
|caption = YJ93-GE-3 engine at [[National Museum of the United States Air Force]] |
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}} |
}} |
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|manufacturer= [[GE Aviation|General Electric Aircraft Engines]] |
|manufacturer= [[GE Aviation|General Electric Aircraft Engines]] |
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|first run= |
|first run= |
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|major applications= |
|major applications= [[North American XB-70 Valkyrie]] |
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|number built = |
|number built = |
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|program cost = |
|program cost = |
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|unit cost = |
|unit cost = |
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|developed from = |
|developed from = |
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|variants with their own articles = |
|variants with their own articles = |
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[[ |
[[File:B58j93pod.jpg|thumb|right|YB-58 at Edwards AFB with GE J93 engine pod]] |
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The '''General Electric YJ93''' [[turbojet]] engine was designed as the powerplant for both the North American |
The '''General Electric YJ93''' [[turbojet]] engine was designed as the powerplant for both the [[North American XB-70 Valkyrie]] bomber and the [[North American XF-108 Rapier]] interceptor. The YJ93 was a single-shaft axial-flow turbojet with a variable-stator compressor and a fully variable convergent/divergent exhaust nozzle. The maximum sea-level thrust was {{convert|28,800|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}.<ref name="Jenkins_Landis"/> |
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==Design and development== |
==Design and development== |
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The YJ93 started life as the General Electric X275, an enlarged version of the [[J79]] turbojet. This evolved |
The YJ93 started life as the General Electric J79-X275, an enlarged version of the [[General Electric J79]] turbojet with "275" meaning Mach 2.75, the engine's target operating speed.<ref name=eightdecades>{{cite book |title=Eight Decades of Progress : A Heritage of Aircraft Turbine Technology |date=1990 |publisher=GE Aircraft Engines |pages=117 |lccn=90082948}}</ref> This design evolved into the X279 when [[Mach number|Mach]] 3 cruise became a requirement, and ultimately became the YJ93.<ref>Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. ''Valkyrie: North American's Mach 3 Superbomber''. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2005. {{ISBN|1-58007-072-8}}. |
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</ref> |
</ref> |
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The engine used a special high-temperature [[JP-6]] fuel. The six YJ93 engines in the XB-70 Valkyrie were capable of producing a thrust to weight ratio of 5 |
The engine used a special high-temperature [[JP-6]] fuel. The six YJ93 engines in the XB-70 Valkyrie were capable of producing a thrust to weight ratio of 5:1 allowing for a speed of {{convert|2000|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} (approximately Mach 3) at an altitude of {{convert|70000|ft}}.<ref>[http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/MuseumExhibits/FactSheets/Display/tabid/509/Article/195701/general-electric-yj93-g-3-turbojet.aspx National Museum of the USAF] Retrieved: December 21, 2016</ref> The first engine went on test in September 1958 and featured advanced technology achievements such as electrolytically drilling longitudinal air cooling holes in the turbine blades.<ref name=eightdecades/> |
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The XF-108 interceptor was cancelled outright and the B-70 project was |
The XF-108 interceptor was cancelled outright, and the B-70 project was re-oriented to a research project only.<ref>[http://home.att.net/~jbaugher2/b58_9.html NB-58A Testbed for General Electric J93<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724113441/http://home.att.net/~jbaugher2/b58_9.html |date=2008-07-24 }}</ref> |
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==Variants== |
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;J93-GE-1: {{convert|24800|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust with afterburner.<ref>{{cite web |title=Characteristics Summary: F-108A |url=http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/F-108_Rapier_CS_-_2_May_1958.pdf |publisher=US Air Force |access-date=15 December 2018 |date=2 May 1958}}</ref> |
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;J93-GE-3: Production variant produced in small numbers for the [[North American XB-70 Valkyrie]] program. |
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;J93-GE-3R: Variant with thrust reverser, {{convert|27200|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} thrust with afterburner.<ref>{{cite web |title=Characteristics Summary: F-108A |url=http://www.alternatewars.com/SAC/F-108A_Rapier_CS_-_15_December_1958.pdf |publisher=US Air Force |access-date=15 December 2018|date=15 December 1958}}</ref> |
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;J93-GE-3AR: Variant intended for the [[North American XF-108 Rapier]]. |
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==Applications== |
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* [[Convair B-58 Hustler|Convair NB-58A Hustler]] (testbed) |
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* [[North American XB-70 Valkyrie]] |
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* [[North American XF-108 Rapier]] (intended) |
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{{jetspecs |
{{jetspecs |
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|ref=Aircraft engines of the World 1966/77,<ref name=AEotW66-67>{{cite book |last=Wilkinson |first=Paul H. |title=Aircraft engines of the World 1966/77 |year=1966 |publisher=Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. |location=London |edition=21st|page=83}}</ref> Military Turbojet/Turbofan Specifications,<ref name="turbo">{{cite web|title=Military Turbojet/Turbofan Specifications|url=http://www.jet-engine.net/miltfspec.html|website=www.jet-engine.net|access-date=31 December 2017|archive-date=2 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111002090707/http://www.jet-engine.net/miltfspec.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> North American XB-70A Valkyrie<ref name="Jenkins_Landis">{{cite book|last1=Jenkins|first1=Dennis R.|last2=Landis|first2=Tony|title=North American XB-70A Valkyrie|date=2002|publisher=Specialty Press Publishers and Wholesalers|location=North Branch [USA]|isbn=1-58007-056-6}}</ref> |
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|ref= |
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|type=[[Turbojet]] |
|type=[[Turbojet]] with afterburner |
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|length= |
|length={{cvt|237|in}} |
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|diameter= |
|diameter={{cvt|52.5|in}} |
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|weight= |
|weight={{cvt|5000|lb}} |
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|compressor=11-stage [[Axial compressor|axial]] |
|compressor=11-stage [[Axial compressor|axial]] |
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|combustion= |
|combustion=Annular with 36 dual fuel nozzles |
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|turbine=Two-stage axial |
|turbine=Two-stage axial |
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|fueltype=Special high-temperature JP-6 Fuel |
|fueltype=Special high-temperature [[JP-6]] Fuel to MIL-F-25656 |
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|oilsystem= |
|oilsystem=Return oil spray system at {{cvt|60|psi}} |
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|power= |
|power= |
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|thrust={{cvt|22000|lbf|kN}} dry; {{cvt|30000|lbf|kN}} with afterburner |
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|thrust={{convert|19000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}<ref name="Jenkins_Landis">Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. ''North American XB-70A Valkyrie'' WarbirdTech Volume 34. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2002. ISBN 580070566.</ref> ({{convert|28800|lbf|kN|abbr=on}} with afterburner)<ref name="Jenkins_Landis"/> |
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|compression= |
|compression= |
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|aircon={{ |
|aircon={{cvt|275|lb/s|kg/s}} |
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|turbinetemp= |
|turbinetemp={{cvt|1149|C|F K}} |
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|fuelcon= |
|fuelcon= |
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|specfuelcon={{ |
|specfuelcon={{cvt|0.700|tsfc}} dry; {{convert|1.800|tsfc|abbr=on}} wet |
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|power/weight= |
|power/weight= |
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|thrust/weight= |
|thrust/weight=6 |
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}} |
}} |
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{{aircontent |
{{aircontent |
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|related= |
|related= |
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* [[General Electric GE4]] |
* [[General Electric GE4]] |
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|similar engines= |
|similar engines= |
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* [[Kuznetsov NK-144]] |
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* [[Kolesov RD-36-51]] |
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* [[Orenda Iroquois]] |
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* [[Pratt & Whitney J58]] |
* [[Pratt & Whitney J58]] |
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<!-- * [[Pratt & Whitney J91]] --> |
<!-- * [[Pratt & Whitney J91]] --> |
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* [[Tumansky R-15]] |
* [[Tumansky R-15]] |
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{{GE aeroengines}} |
{{GE aeroengines}} |
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{{USAF gas turbine engines}} |
{{USAF gas turbine engines}} |
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{{aviation lists}} |
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{{Aeroengine-specs}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1950s turbojet engines]] |
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[[Category:General Electric aircraft engines]] |
[[Category:General Electric aircraft engines|YJ93]] |
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[[Category:Abandoned military aircraft engine projects of the United States]] |
[[Category:Abandoned military aircraft engine projects of the United States]] |
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[[it:General Electric YJ93]] |
Latest revision as of 17:12, 16 January 2024
YJ93 | |
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YJ93-GE-3 engine at National Museum of the United States Air Force | |
Type | Turbojet |
National origin | United States |
Manufacturer | General Electric Aircraft Engines |
Major applications | North American XB-70 Valkyrie |
Developed into | General Electric GE4 |
The General Electric YJ93 turbojet engine was designed as the powerplant for both the North American XB-70 Valkyrie bomber and the North American XF-108 Rapier interceptor. The YJ93 was a single-shaft axial-flow turbojet with a variable-stator compressor and a fully variable convergent/divergent exhaust nozzle. The maximum sea-level thrust was 28,800 lbf (128 kN).[1]
Design and development[edit]
The YJ93 started life as the General Electric J79-X275, an enlarged version of the General Electric J79 turbojet with "275" meaning Mach 2.75, the engine's target operating speed.[2] This design evolved into the X279 when Mach 3 cruise became a requirement, and ultimately became the YJ93.[3]
The engine used a special high-temperature JP-6 fuel. The six YJ93 engines in the XB-70 Valkyrie were capable of producing a thrust to weight ratio of 5:1 allowing for a speed of 2,000 mph (3,200 km/h) (approximately Mach 3) at an altitude of 70,000 feet (21,000 m).[4] The first engine went on test in September 1958 and featured advanced technology achievements such as electrolytically drilling longitudinal air cooling holes in the turbine blades.[2]
The XF-108 interceptor was cancelled outright, and the B-70 project was re-oriented to a research project only.[5]
Variants[edit]
- J93-GE-1
- 24,800 lbf (110 kN) thrust with afterburner.[6]
- J93-GE-3
- Production variant produced in small numbers for the North American XB-70 Valkyrie program.
- J93-GE-3R
- Variant with thrust reverser, 27,200 lbf (121 kN) thrust with afterburner.[7]
- J93-GE-3AR
- Variant intended for the North American XF-108 Rapier.
Applications[edit]
- Convair NB-58A Hustler (testbed)
- North American XB-70 Valkyrie
- North American XF-108 Rapier (intended)
Specifications (J93-GE-3)[edit]
Data from Aircraft engines of the World 1966/77,[8] Military Turbojet/Turbofan Specifications,[9] North American XB-70A Valkyrie[1]
General characteristics
- Type: Turbojet with afterburner
- Length: 237 in (6,000 mm)
- Diameter: 52.5 in (1,330 mm)
- Dry weight: 5,000 lb (2,300 kg)
Components
- Compressor: 11-stage axial
- Combustors: Annular with 36 dual fuel nozzles
- Turbine: Two-stage axial
- Fuel type: Special high-temperature JP-6 Fuel to MIL-F-25656
- Oil system: Return oil spray system at 60 psi (410 kPa)
Performance
- Maximum thrust: 22,000 lbf (98 kN) dry; 30,000 lbf (130 kN) with afterburner
- Air mass flow: 275 lb/s (125 kg/s)
- Turbine inlet temperature: 1,149 °C (2,100 °F; 1,422 K)
- Specific fuel consumption: 0.700 lb/(lbf⋅h) (19.8 g/(kN⋅s)) dry; 1.800 lb/(lbf⋅h) (51.0 g/(kN⋅s)) wet
- Thrust-to-weight ratio: 6
See also[edit]
Related development
Comparable engines
- Kuznetsov NK-32
- Lyulka AL-7
- Kuznetsov NK-144
- Kolesov RD-36-51
- Orenda Iroquois
- Pratt & Whitney J58
- Tumansky R-15
Related lists
References[edit]
- ^ a b Jenkins, Dennis R.; Landis, Tony (2002). North American XB-70A Valkyrie. North Branch [USA]: Specialty Press Publishers and Wholesalers. ISBN 1-58007-056-6.
- ^ a b Eight Decades of Progress : A Heritage of Aircraft Turbine Technology. GE Aircraft Engines. 1990. p. 117. LCCN 90082948.
- ^ Jenkins, Dennis R. and Tony R. Landis. Valkyrie: North American's Mach 3 Superbomber. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2005. ISBN 1-58007-072-8.
- ^ National Museum of the USAF Retrieved: December 21, 2016
- ^ NB-58A Testbed for General Electric J93 Archived 2008-07-24 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Characteristics Summary: F-108A" (PDF). US Air Force. 2 May 1958. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
- ^ "Characteristics Summary: F-108A" (PDF). US Air Force. 15 December 1958. Retrieved 15 December 2018.
- ^ Wilkinson, Paul H. (1966). Aircraft engines of the World 1966/77 (21st ed.). London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd. p. 83.
- ^ "Military Turbojet/Turbofan Specifications". www.jet-engine.net. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 31 December 2017.