Macushi: Difference between revisions

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| image = File:Poblado macushi.jpg
| image = File:Poblado macushi.jpg
| caption = Macushi village in Brazil
| caption = Macushi village in Brazil
| population = 29,931 (2010)<ref name=intro>[http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/makuxi "Macuxi: Introduction."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515035718/http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/makuxi |date=2012-05-15 }} ''Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012</ref>
| population = 43,192<ref name="socio">{{cite web| url=https://pib.socioambiental.org/en/Povo:Macuxi |title=Macuxi|website=Socio Ambiental|access-date=28 February 2021}}</ref>
| region1 = {{Flag|Brazil}}
| region1 = {{Flag|Brazil}}
| pop1 = 19,000 (2001)<ref name=ethno>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mbc "Macushi."] ''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012.</ref>
| pop1 = 33,603 (2014)<ref name="socio"/>
| region2 = {{Flag|Guyana}}
| region2 = {{Flag|Guyana}}
| pop2 = 9,500 (2001)<ref name=ethno/>
| pop2 = 9,500 (2011)<ref name="socio"/>
| region3 = {{Flag|Venezuela}}
| region3 = {{Flag|Venezuela}}
| pop3 = 83 (2001)<ref name=intro/>
| pop3 = 89 (2011)<ref name="socio"/>
| languages = [[Macushi language|Macushi]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[English language|English]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]<ref name=ethno/>
| languages = [[Macushi language|Macushi]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[English language|English]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]<ref name=ethno/>
| religions = [[Native American religion|Indigenous religion]], [[Roman Catholicism]]
| religions = [[Native American religion|Indigenous religion]], [[Roman Catholicism]]
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[[Cuthbert Cary-Elwes]], a [[Jesuit]] [[missionary]] settled among the Macushi of the [[Rupununi]] Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years.<ref>[http://www.guyanajesuits.org/mission/Kurukabaru%20and%20Lethem/interior/interior.php "The Interior."] ''The Jesuits in Guyana.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012.</ref>
[[Cuthbert Cary-Elwes]], a [[Jesuit]] [[missionary]] settled among the Macushi of the [[Rupununi]] Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years.<ref>[http://www.guyanajesuits.org/mission/Kurukabaru%20and%20Lethem/interior/interior.php "The Interior."] ''The Jesuits in Guyana.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012.</ref>


During the 18th century in Brazil, non-native people occupied Macushi territory, establishing mission villages and farms and forcing Macushi people to relocate.<ref name=intro/> In Guyana, the Machusi settled in the Northern [[Rupununi Savannah]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://moipa.gov.gy/amerindian-nations/|title=Amerindian nations|website=Ministry of Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>
During the 18th century in Brazil, non-native people occupied Macushi territory, establishing mission villages and farms and forcing Macushi people to relocate.<ref name=intro>[http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/makuxi "Macuxi: Introduction."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515035718/http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/makuxi |date=2012-05-15 }} ''Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012</ref> In Guyana, the Machusi settled in the Northern [[Rupununi Savannah]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://moipa.gov.gy/amerindian-nations/|title=Amerindian nations|website=Ministry of Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs|access-date=18 August 2020}}</ref>


The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, [[Joênia Wapixana|Joênia Batista de Carvalho]] Wapichna was the first lawyer with indigenous roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal).
The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, [[Joênia Wapixana|Joênia Batista de Carvalho]] Wapichna was the first lawyer with indigenous roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal).

Revision as of 14:05, 28 February 2021

For the language, see Macushi language.
Macushi
Macushi village in Brazil
Total population
43,192[1]
Regions with significant populations
 Brazil33,603 (2014)[1]
 Guyana9,500 (2011)[1]
 Venezuela89 (2011)[1]
Languages
Macushi, Portuguese, English and Spanish[2]
Religion
Indigenous religion, Roman Catholicism

The Macushi (Portuguese: Macuxi) are an indigenous people living in the borderlands of southern Guyana, northern Brazil in the state of Roraima, and in an eastern part of Venezuela.[2]

Name

The Macushi are also known as the Macusi, Macussi, Makushi, Makusi, Makuxi, Teueia, and Teweya people.[2]

Language

Macushi people speak the Macushi language, a Macushi-Kapon language, which is part of the Carib language family. Some in Brazil also speak Portuguese, while some in Venezuela speak Spanish, and some in Guyana speak English. The Macushi language is written in the Latin script, and the New Testament was translated into the language in 1996.[2]

Housing and lifestyle

They live in villages linked together by tracks and paths, with houses built round a central courtyard. When married, the Macushi couple lives in the wife's family's village and the father-in-law is of great importance in Macushi kinship.

History and culture

Macushi oral history describes them as descendants of the sun's children, who created fire, as well as diseases, and they also believe they discovered Washacá, the Tree of Life. The Macushi believe in the life principle – stkaton – and they believe it comes from the sun.[citation needed]

Cuthbert Cary-Elwes, a Jesuit missionary settled among the Macushi of the Rupununi Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years.[3]

During the 18th century in Brazil, non-native people occupied Macushi territory, establishing mission villages and farms and forcing Macushi people to relocate.[4] In Guyana, the Machusi settled in the Northern Rupununi Savannah.[5]

The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, Joênia Batista de Carvalho Wapichna was the first lawyer with indigenous roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal).

Notes

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Macuxi". Socio Ambiental. Retrieved 28 February 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d Cite error: The named reference ethno was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "The Interior." The Jesuits in Guyana. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
  4. ^ "Macuxi: Introduction." Archived 2012-05-15 at the Wayback Machine Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 30 July 2012
  5. ^ "Amerindian nations". Ministry of Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  • Cuthbert, Cary-Elwes. Bridges, John, ed. Rupununi Mission: the story of Cuthbert Cary-Elwes. London: Jesuit Missionsstka, 1985.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Macushi.
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