ORP Gen. K. Pułaski: Difference between revisions

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{{redirect|USS Clark (FFG-11)|ships with a similar name|USS Clark}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:ORP ''Gen. K. Pułaski''}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:ORP ''Gen. K. Pułaski''}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:OPR Gen K Pułaski.JPG|300px]]
| Ship image = [[File:OPR Gen K Pułaski.JPG|300px]]
|Ship caption=ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski'' moored in Gdynia
| Ship caption = ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski'' moored in Gdynia
}}
}}

{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Ship country=United States
| Ship country = United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|2000}}
| Ship flag = {{USN flag|2000}}
|Ship name=USS ''Clark''
| Ship name = USS ''Clark''
|Ship namesake= [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Joseph James Clark|Joseph James "Jocko" Clark]] (1893–1971)
| Ship namesake = [[Admiral (United States)|Admiral]] [[Joseph James Clark|Joseph James "Jocko" Clark]] (1893–1971)
|Ship ordered=27 February 1976
| Ship ordered = 27 February 1976
|Ship awarded=
| Ship awarded =
|Ship builder=[[Bath Iron Works]], [[Bath, Maine]]
| Ship builder = [[Bath Iron Works]], [[Bath, Maine]]
|Ship original cost=
| Ship original cost =
|Ship yard number=
| Ship yard number =
|Ship way number=
| Ship way number =
|Ship laid down=17 July 1978
| Ship laid down = 17 July 1978
|Ship launched=24 March 1979
| Ship launched = 24 March 1979
|Ship sponsor= Mrs. Olga Clark, widow of Admiral Clark
| Ship sponsor = Mrs. Olga Clark, widow of Admiral Clark
|Ship christened=
| Ship christened =
|Ship completed=
| Ship completed =
|Ship acquired=
| Ship acquired =
|Ship commissioned=9 May 1980
| Ship commissioned = 9 May 1980
|Ship decommissioned=15 March 2000
| Ship decommissioned = 15 March 2000
|Ship in service=
| Ship in service =
|Ship out of service=
| Ship out of service =
|Ship renamed=
| Ship renamed =
|Ship reclassified=
| Ship reclassified =
|Ship refit=
| Ship refit =
|Ship struck=15 March 2000
| Ship struck = 15 March 2000
|Ship reinstated=
| Ship reinstated =
|Ship homeport=[[Norfolk, Virginia]] (former)
| Ship homeport = [[Norfolk, Virginia]] (former)
|Ship identification=*[[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull symbol]]:FFG-11
| Ship identification = *[[Hull classification symbol#Surface combatant type|Hull symbol]]:FFG-11
* [[International Code of Signals|Code letters]]:NJJC
* [[International Code of Signals|Code letters]]:NJJC
* {{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Charlie}}
* {{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Charlie}}
|Ship motto= "Determined Warrior"
| Ship motto = "Determined Warrior"
|Ship nickname=
| Ship nickname =
|Ship honors=
| Ship honors =
|Ship captured=
| Ship captured =
|Ship fate=Disposed of through the [[Security Assistance Program]] (SAP)
| Ship fate = Disposed of through the [[Security Assistance Program]] (SAP)
Sold to [[Polish Navy]]
Sold to [[Polish Navy]]
|Ship status=
| Ship notes =
| Ship badge = {{Dodseal|FFG-11|149}}
|Ship notes=
|Ship badge={{Dodseal|FFG-11|149}}
}}
}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics <!--as USS Clark-->
{{Infobox ship characteristics <!--as USS Clark-->
|Hide header=yes
| Hide header = yes
|Header caption=
| Header caption =
|Ship complement={{OHP frigate complement}}
| Ship complement = {{OHP frigate complement}}
|Ship time to activate=
| Ship time to activate =
|Ship sensors={{OHP frigate sensors}}
| Ship sensors = {{OHP frigate sensors}}
|Ship EW=[[AN/SLQ-32]]
| Ship EW = [[AN/SLQ-32]]
|Ship armament={{OHP frigate armament}}
| Ship armament = {{OHP frigate armament}}
|Ship armor=
| Ship armor =
|Ship aircraft=1 × [[SH-60 Seahawk|SH-60 LAMPS III]] helicopter<ref name="navysite">{{cite web | url=http://www.navysite.de/ffg/FFG11.HTM | title=USS Clark (FFG 11) | publisher=navysite.de | access-date=10 April 2015}}</ref>
| Ship aircraft = 1 × [[SH-60 Seahawk|SH-60 LAMPS III]] helicopter
|Ship aircraft facilities=
| Ship aircraft facilities =
|Ship notes=
| Ship notes =
}}
}}

{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
| Hide header = title
|Ship country=Poland
| Ship country = Poland
|Ship flag={{shipboxflag|Poland|naval}}
| Ship flag = {{shipboxflag|Poland|navy}}
|Ship name=ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski''
| Ship name = ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski''
|Ship namesake=[[Casimir Pulaski]]
| Ship namesake = [[Casimir Pulaski]]
|Ship owner=
| Ship owner =
|Ship operator=
| Ship operator =
|Ship ordered=
| Ship ordered =
|Ship awarded=
| Ship awarded =
|Ship builder=
| Ship builder =
|Ship yard number=
| Ship yard number =
|Ship way=
| Ship way =
|Ship laid down=
| Ship laid down =
|Ship launched=
| Ship launched =
|Ship sponsor=
| Ship sponsor =
|Ship christened=
| Ship christened =
|Ship completed=
| Ship completed =
|Ship acquired=15 March 2000
| Ship acquired = 15 March 2000
|Ship commissioned=25 June 2000
| Ship commissioned = 25 June 2000
|Ship recommissioned=
| Ship recommissioned =
|Ship decommissioned=
| Ship decommissioned =
|Ship in service=
| Ship in service =
|Ship out of service=
| Ship out of service =
|Ship renamed=
| Ship renamed =
|Ship reclassified=
| Ship reclassified =
|Ship refit=
| Ship refit =
|Ship struck=
| Ship struck =
|Ship reinstated=
| Ship reinstated =
|Ship homeport=
| Ship homeport =
|Ship motto=
| Ship motto =
|Ship nickname=
| Ship nickname =
|Ship honours=
| Ship honours =
|Ship honors=
| Ship honors =
|Ship captured=
| Ship captured =
|Ship identification=*[[Pennant number]]: 272
| Ship identification = *[[Pennant number]]: 272
*{{MMSI Number|261268000}}
*{{MMSI Number|261268000}}
*[[Maritime call sign|Callsign]]: SNWR
*[[Maritime call sign|Callsign]]: SNWR
|Ship fate=
| Ship fate =
|Ship status=Active
| Ship status = Active
|Ship notes=
| Ship notes =
|Ship badge=
| Ship badge =
}}
}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics <!--as ORP Pulaski-->
{{Infobox ship characteristics <!--as ORP Pulaski-->
|Hide header=yes
| Hide header = yes
|Header caption=As ORP Gen. K. Pułaski
| Header caption = As ORP Gen. K. Pułaski
|Ship complement=17 officers and 198 enlisted
| Ship complement = 17 officers and 198 enlisted
|Ship time to activate=
| Ship time to activate =
|Ship troops=
| Ship troops =
|Ship sensors=
| Ship sensors =
|Ship EW=
| Ship EW =
|Ship armament=*2 × double tube anti-submarine torpedo mounts
| Ship armament = *2 × double tube anti-submarine torpedo mounts
*1 × {{convert|76|mm|in|abbr=on}} Rapid Fire Dual Purpose Gun
*1 × {{convert|76|mm|in|abbr=on}} Rapid Fire Dual Purpose Gun
*1 × Vulcan Phalanx system
*1 × Vulcan Phalanx system
*1 × Guided missile launching system with Standard [[surface-to-air missile]]s
*1 × Guided missile launching system with Standard [[surface-to-air missile]]s
*[[Boeing Harpoon]] surface-to-surface missiles
*[[Boeing Harpoon]] surface-to-surface missiles
|Ship armour=
| Ship armour =
|Ship armor=
| Ship armor =
|Ship aircraft=ASW Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite helicopter
| Ship aircraft = ASW [[Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite]] helicopter
|Ship aircraft facilities=
| Ship aircraft facilities =
|Ship notes=
| Ship notes =
}}
}}

{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Header caption=
| Header caption =
|Ship class={{sclass-|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate}}
| Ship class = {{sclass|Oliver Hazard Perry|frigate}}
|Ship displacement={{OHP frigate displacement}}
| Ship displacement = {{OHP frigate displacement}}
| Ship length = {{OHP frigate length short hull}}
|Ship tons burthen=
|Ship length={{OHP frigate length short hull}}
| Ship beam = {{OHP frigate beam}}
|Ship beam={{OHP frigate beam}}
| Ship height =
| Ship draft = {{OHP frigate draft}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draft={{OHP frigate draft}}
| Ship depth =
|Ship depth=
| Ship power =
| Ship propulsion = {{OHP frigate propulsion}}
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion={{OHP frigate propulsion}}
| Ship speed = {{OHP frigate speed}}
|Ship speed={{OHP frigate speed}}
| Ship range = {{OHP frigate range}}
|Ship range={{OHP frigate range}}
}}
}}
|}
|}

'''ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski''''' is one of two [[Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate|''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class]] guided-missile frigates of the [[Polish Navy]]. Formerly serving in the [[United States Navy]] as the '''USS ''Clark'' (FFG-11)''', after her transfer to Poland she was named for [[Kazimierz Pułaski]], who fought in both the [[War of the Bar Confederation]] in Poland and later the [[American Revolutionary War]]. As the USS ''Clark'', she was the US Navy's fifth ship of the ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class, and was named for Admiral [[Joseph James Clark|Joseph James "Jocko" Clark]] (1893–1971). The ship is propelled by two [[General Electric]] LM-2500 gas [[turbines]] and two 350 horsepower (261&nbsp;kW) electric drive auxiliary propulsion units. The ''Gen K. Pułaski'' is currently homeported at [[Gdynia]] ([[Oksywie]]).
'''ORP ''Generał Kazimierz Pułaski''''' is one of two [[Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate|''Oliver Hazard Perry''-class]] guided-missile frigates of the [[Polish Navy]]. Formerly serving in the [[United States Navy]] as the '''USS ''Clark'' (FFG-11)''', after her transfer to Poland she was named for [[Kazimierz Pułaski]], who fought in both the [[War of the Bar Confederation]] in Poland and later the [[American Revolutionary War]]. As the USS ''Clark'', she was the US Navy's fifth ship of the ''Oliver Hazard Perry'' class, and was named for Admiral [[Joseph James Clark|Joseph James "Jocko" Clark]] (1893–1971). The ship is propelled by two [[General Electric]] LM-2500 gas [[turbines]] and two 350 horsepower (261&nbsp;kW) electric drive auxiliary propulsion units. The ''Gen K. Pułaski'' is currently homeported at [[Gdynia]] ([[Oksywie]]).


==History==
==History==
Ordered by the US Navy from [[Bath Iron Works]] on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY76 program, the USS ''Clark'' was laid down on 17 July 1978, launched on 24 March 1979, and commissioned on 9 May 1980. She was the second US Navy ship commissioned as the USS ''Clark''. The [[ship sponsor]] was Mrs. [[Olga Clark]], the widow of ship's namesake.
Ordered by the US Navy from [[Bath Iron Works]] on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY76 program, the USS ''Clark'' was laid down on 17 July 1978, launched on 24 March 1979, and commissioned on 9 May 1980. She was the second US Navy ship commissioned as the USS ''Clark''. The [[ship sponsor]] was Mrs. [[Olga Clark]], the widow of the ship's namesake.


In July 1982, ''Clark'' recovered three sailors that were washed overboard from the [[aircraft carrier]] {{USS|John F. Kennedy|CV-67|2}} in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Spain.<ref>{{cite news |agency= Associated Press|title= Sailor Missing from Carrier |location= [[Harrisonburg, Virginia]] |newspaper= Daily News Record |date= 7 July 1982}}</ref> A fourth sailor was not recovered and was lost at sea.<ref>{{cite news |title= Man Overboard: Sailor Recalls Ordeal |newspaper= The [[Winchester Star]] |location= [[Winchester, Virginia]] |date= 15 July 1982 }}</ref>
In July 1982, ''Clark'' recovered three sailors that were washed overboard from the [[aircraft carrier]] {{USS|John F. Kennedy|CV-67|2}} in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Spain.<ref>{{cite news |agency= Associated Press|title= Sailor Missing from Carrier |location= [[Harrisonburg, Virginia]] |newspaper= Daily News Record |date= 7 July 1982}}</ref> A fourth sailor was not recovered and was lost at sea.<ref>{{cite news |title= Man Overboard: Sailor Recalls Ordeal |newspaper= The [[Winchester Star]] |location= [[Winchester, Virginia]] |date= 15 July 1982 }}</ref>
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In December 1992, ''Clark'' was nearby when the crew of an [[Grumman F-14 Tomcat|F-14]] was forced to eject during training operations off the coast of Virginia. ''Clark''{{'}}s helicopter rescued the radar intercept officer and a [[United States Coast Guard]] helicopter rescued the pilot.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://articles.dailypress.com/1992-12-16/news/9212160055_1_navy-helicopter-oceana-naval-air-station-aviators |title= Navy Jet Crashes into Ocean |newspaper= [[Daily Press (Virginia)|Daily Press]] |location= [[Hampton Roads]], [[Virginia]] |date= 1992-12-16 }}</ref>
In December 1992, ''Clark'' was nearby when the crew of an [[Grumman F-14 Tomcat|F-14]] was forced to eject during training operations off the coast of Virginia. ''Clark''{{'}}s helicopter rescued the radar intercept officer and a [[United States Coast Guard]] helicopter rescued the pilot.<ref>{{cite news |url= http://articles.dailypress.com/1992-12-16/news/9212160055_1_navy-helicopter-oceana-naval-air-station-aviators |title= Navy Jet Crashes into Ocean |newspaper= [[Daily Press (Virginia)|Daily Press]] |location= [[Hampton Roads]], [[Virginia]] |date= 1992-12-16 }}</ref>


In April 1994, ''Clark'' changed homeports from [[Newport, Rhode Island]], to [[Norfolk, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Underway for Good |newspaper= Pacific Stars And Stripes |date= 18 April 1994}}</ref> The ship had previously been homeported in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from the mid-1980s to 1992 and [[Mayport, Florida]] before that.
In April 1994, ''Clark'' changed homeports from [[Newport, Rhode Island]], to [[Norfolk, Virginia]].<ref>{{cite news |agency=Associated Press |title=Underway for Good |newspaper= Pacific Stars And Stripes |date= 18 April 1994}}</ref> The ship had previously been homeported in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from the mid-1980s to 1992 and [[Naval Station Mayport|Mayport, Florida]] before that.


Decommissioned and stricken from the US Navy list on 15 March 2000, she was transferred to the [[Polish Navy]] that same day.
Decommissioned and stricken from the US Navy list on 15 March 2000, she was transferred to the [[Polish Navy]] that same day.
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==Awards as the USS ''Clark''==
==Awards as the USS ''Clark''==
[[File:USS Clark (FFG-11) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 1 October 1981.jpg|thumb|left|A starboard bow view of the guided missile frigate USS Clark (FFG-11) underway.]]
[[File:USS Clark (FFG-11) underway in the Atlantic Ocean on 1 October 1981.jpg|thumb|left|A starboard bow view of the guided missile frigate USS ''Clark'' (FFG-11) underway.]]


The USS ''Clark'' and her crew received the following unit awards, according to the US Navy unit awards website:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://awards.navy.mil |title=Unit Awards |website=US Navy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014224730/https://awards.navy.mil/ |archive-date=14 October 2004}}</ref>
The USS ''Clark'' and her crew received the following unit awards, according to the US Navy unit awards website:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://awards.navy.mil |title=Unit Awards |website=US Navy |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014224730/https://awards.navy.mil/ |archive-date=14 October 2004}}</ref>
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==References==
==References==
{{NVR|{{NVR url|id=FFG11}}}}
{{Naval Vessel Register|{{Naval Vessel Register URL|id=FFG11}}}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category multi|USS Clark (FFG-11) (ship, 1979)|ORP Gen. K. Pułaski (ship, 1979)||align=left}}
{{commons category multi|USS Clark (FFG-11) (ship, 1979)|ORP Gen. K. Pułaski (ship, 1979)||align=left}}

* [http://www.navysite.de/ffg/FFG11.HTM NavySite.de]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050119104242/http://navy.mw.mil.pl/index.php?akcja=oliver Polish Navy official site about Perry class in English]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050119104242/http://navy.mw.mil.pl/index.php?akcja=oliver Polish Navy official site about Perry class in English]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171001123237/http://www.mw.mil.pl/index.php?akcja=oliver Polish Navy official web about ORP ''Pulaski'' in Polish]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20171001123237/http://www.mw.mil.pl/index.php?akcja=oliver Polish Navy official web about ORP ''Pulaski'' in Polish]
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/07/0711.htm Navsource.org - USS Clark (FFG-11)]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/frigates/pages/clark_ffg_11_page_1.htm MaritimeQuest USS Clark FFG-11 pages]


{{Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate}}
{{Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2011}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:General Kazimierz Pulaski}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:General Kazimierz Pulaski}}
[[Category:1979 ships]]
[[Category:1979 ships]]
[[Category:Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates of the Polish Navy]]
[[Category:Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates of the Polish Navy]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials to Casimir Pulaski]]
[[Category:Ships built in Bath, Maine]]
[[Category:Ships built in Bath, Maine]]
[[Category:Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates of the United States Navy]]
[[Category:Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Polish Navy]]

Revision as of 21:45, 12 October 2023

ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski moored in Gdynia
History
United States
NameUSS Clark
NamesakeAdmiral Joseph James "Jocko" Clark (1893–1971)
Ordered27 February 1976
BuilderBath Iron Works, Bath, Maine
Laid down17 July 1978
Launched24 March 1979
Sponsored byMrs. Olga Clark, widow of Admiral Clark
Commissioned9 May 1980
Decommissioned15 March 2000
Stricken15 March 2000
HomeportNorfolk, Virginia (former)
Identification
Motto"Determined Warrior"
FateDisposed of through the Security Assistance Program (SAP) Sold to Polish Navy
Badge
Complement15 officers and 190 enlisted, plus SH-60 LAMPS detachment of roughly six officer pilots and 15 enlisted maintainers
Sensors and
processing systems
Electronic warfare
& decoys
AN/SLQ-32
Armament
Aircraft carried1 × SH-60 LAMPS III helicopter
Poland
NameORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski
NamesakeCasimir Pulaski
Acquired15 March 2000
Commissioned25 June 2000
Identification
StatusActive
Complement17 officers and 198 enlisted
Armament
  • 2 × double tube anti-submarine torpedo mounts
  • 1 × 76 mm (3.0 in) Rapid Fire Dual Purpose Gun
  • 1 × Vulcan Phalanx system
  • 1 × Guided missile launching system with Standard surface-to-air missiles
  • Boeing Harpoon surface-to-surface missiles
Aircraft carriedASW Kaman SH-2G Super Seasprite helicopter
General characteristics
Class and typeOliver Hazard Perry-class frigate
Displacement4,100 long tons (4,200 t), full load
Length445 feet (136 m), overall
Beam45 feet (14 m)
Draft22 feet (6.7 m)
Propulsion
Speedover 29 knots (54 km/h)
Range5,000 nautical miles at 18 knots (9,300 km at 33 km/h)

ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski is one of two Oliver Hazard Perry-class guided-missile frigates of the Polish Navy. Formerly serving in the United States Navy as the USS Clark (FFG-11), after her transfer to Poland she was named for Kazimierz Pułaski, who fought in both the War of the Bar Confederation in Poland and later the American Revolutionary War. As the USS Clark, she was the US Navy's fifth ship of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, and was named for Admiral Joseph James "Jocko" Clark (1893–1971). The ship is propelled by two General Electric LM-2500 gas turbines and two 350 horsepower (261 kW) electric drive auxiliary propulsion units. The Gen K. Pułaski is currently homeported at Gdynia (Oksywie).

History

Ordered by the US Navy from Bath Iron Works on 27 February 1976 as part of the FY76 program, the USS Clark was laid down on 17 July 1978, launched on 24 March 1979, and commissioned on 9 May 1980. She was the second US Navy ship commissioned as the USS Clark. The ship sponsor was Mrs. Olga Clark, the widow of the ship's namesake.

In July 1982, Clark recovered three sailors that were washed overboard from the aircraft carrier John F. Kennedy in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Spain.[1] A fourth sailor was not recovered and was lost at sea.[2]

In December 1992, Clark was nearby when the crew of an F-14 was forced to eject during training operations off the coast of Virginia. Clark's helicopter rescued the radar intercept officer and a United States Coast Guard helicopter rescued the pilot.[3]

In April 1994, Clark changed homeports from Newport, Rhode Island, to Norfolk, Virginia.[4] The ship had previously been homeported in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from the mid-1980s to 1992 and Mayport, Florida before that.

Decommissioned and stricken from the US Navy list on 15 March 2000, she was transferred to the Polish Navy that same day.

The ship was commissioned the ORP Generał Kazimierz Pułaski (after Kazimierz Pułaski) on 25 June 2000, at a ceremony attended by US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright. Commander Marian Ambroziak was the first Polish Commanding Officer. Since her transfer to Poland, the Gen K. Pułaski has participated in numerous NATO exercises in the Baltic Sea.

Awards as the USS Clark

A starboard bow view of the guided missile frigate USS Clark (FFG-11) underway.

The USS Clark and her crew received the following unit awards, according to the US Navy unit awards website:[5]

USS Clark was also nominated for the United States Public Health Service Outstanding Unit Citation for operations from 24 June 1994 to 12 July 1994, but did not receive the award. The ship was reported near Haiti in mid-July 1994[6] around the time many refugees were fleeing Haiti in small boats.[7]

See also

References

Public Domain This article includes information collected from the Naval Vessel Register, which, as a U.S. government publication, is in the public domain. The entry can be found here.

  1. ^ "Sailor Missing from Carrier". Daily News Record. Harrisonburg, Virginia. Associated Press. 7 July 1982.
  2. ^ "Man Overboard: Sailor Recalls Ordeal". The Winchester Star. Winchester, Virginia. 15 July 1982.
  3. ^ "Navy Jet Crashes into Ocean". Daily Press. Hampton Roads, Virginia. 16 December 1992.
  4. ^ "Underway for Good". Pacific Stars And Stripes. Associated Press. 18 April 1994.
  5. ^ "Unit Awards". US Navy. Archived from the original on 14 October 2004.
  6. ^ "Haitian Crisis Deepens". European Stars And Stripes. Associated Press. 16 July 1994.
  7. ^ "Haitians to go to Guantanamo". Syracuse Herald-Journal. Syracuse, New York. Associated Press. 29 June 1994.

External links