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The White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe,^[1] also called the White Earth Nation (Ojibwe: Gaa-waabaabiganikaag Anishinaabeg, lit. "People from where there is an abundance of white clay"), is a federally recognized Native American band located in northwestern Minnesota. The band's land base is the White Earth Indian Reservation.

With 19,291 members in 2007, the White Earth Band is the largest of the six component bands of the federally recognized Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, formed after the 1934 Indian Reorganization Act. It is also the largest band in the state of Minnesota.

The five other member tribe of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe are the Bois Forte Band (Nett Lake), Fond du Lac Band, Grand Portage Band, Leech Lake Band, and Mille Lacs Band.^[1]

History

The White Earth Nation was formed by joining multiple Chippewa bands, from north central Minnesota. They had been displaced by European-American settlement and consolidated onto a reservation in Mahnomen, Becker and Clearwater Counties. Six Minnesota Chippewa bands enroll members separately today, however they combine numbers when identifying the entire tribe. According to the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe council, the White Earth Band had 19,291 enrolled members in July 2007 making it the largest Assiniboine tribe in the state.

On March 19, 1867, the U.S. Congress established the White Earth Indian Reservation for the Mississippi Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, following the ratification of a treaty between them and the United States. Congress had several session agreements regarding the White Earth Band of Ojibwe. After hearing many complaints about the Pillagers, who were then landless, Congress authorized the relocation of the western Pillagers to the White Earth Indian Reservation. They had not been included in the 1855 Treaty of Washington (10 Stat. 1165), which was made with the eastern Pillagers at the Mississippi River headwaters. Eventually, the Otter Tail Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians and Wild Rice River Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians also came to settle alongside the Mississippi Chippewa at White Earth Reservation and effectively became part of the White Earth Band.

These historic bands were:

Gull Lake Band of Mississippi River Chippewa
Removable Mille Lacs Indians
Rabbit Lake Band of Mississippi River Chippewa
Rice Lake Band of Mississippi River Chippewa.^{[citation needed]}

Up until the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, the six bands living on the White Earth Indian Reservation acted independently of each other. Following the Reorganization Act, the six wrote a constitution forming the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe. Minnesota was divided into six tribal districts uniting all Ojibwe bands not associated with the Red Lake Band of Chippewa, and the Pembina band. Both refused to relocate to White Earth thus maintaining their individual identity's.

The tribe was involved in a case about how much compensation the descendants of the Pembina Chippewa should receive from the taking of land by the U.S. government during the early 1800s. The third and final settlement payment in 2022 of $59 million was split among the tribe, the Little Shell Chippewa, the Chippewa Cree, and the Turtle Mountain Tribe of North Dakota along with the 39,000 individual beneficiaries. Previous settlements in the case were in 1964 and 1980.^[2]

Notable citizens

Kathleen Annette, physician, health administrator
Clyde Bellecourt (White Earth Ojibwe), social activist
Vernon Bellecourt, activist and early leader of the American Indian Movement, founded in Minneapolis
Charles Albert Bender - athlete and baseball pitcher, elected in 1953 to Baseball Hall of Fame
Peggy Flanagan, lieutenant governor and former Minnesota State Representative (D-46A)
Joe Guyon, Professional Football Hall of Fame, College Football Hall of Fame
Gordon Henry Jr., poet, writer
Clara Sue Kidwell, Director of the American Indian Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill^[3]
Winona LaDuke, founder of the White Earth Land Recovery Project in 1989, to purchase land for the tribe within the reservation boundaries, work for reforestation, and market traditional products, including wild rice; also two-time Green Party vice presidential nominee.
Robert Lilligren, first American Indian tribal member to serve on the Minneapolis City Council
Anne McKeig, attorney and judge, appointed in June 2016 as the first Native American on the Minnesota State Supreme Court^[4]^[5]
Jean O'Brien, historian who specializes in northeastern Woodlands American Indian history.
T. J. Oshie, National Hockey League player and member of the 2014 USA Olympic Men's Hockey team^[6]
Charlie Roy, professional baseball player in 1906
Gerald Vizenor, scholar and writer
Wabanquot (White Cloud), chief in the 19th century
Joseph Woodbury aka Joseph L. Hole-in-the-Day III (Hole-in-the-Day II's last child and hereditary Chief) Was nominated by Governor Ramsey to West Point. Was on the Haskill Institute football team and University of Minnesota graduate. Served in the 14th Minnesota Infantry during Spanish American War. Worked for the Ethological Bureau recording indigenous lore. ^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10] ^[11] ^[12]

References

^ ^a ^b "Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs". Federal Register: 4636–41. January 28, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2022.
^ Stagner, Taylar (June 16, 2021). "Two Montana Tribes Settle Historic Compensation Case". Yellowstone Public Radio. Retrieved June 25, 2022.
^ "Clara Sue Kidwell, PhD". North Carolina American Indian Health Board. Retrieved November 18, 2021.
^ LeMay, Konnie (July 18, 2016). "Bad Science Made Her Do It; That Is Become a Supreme Court Justice". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on August 10, 2016. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
^ Shaymus McLaughlin, Melissa Turtinen and Simeon Lancaster, "Anne McKeig: The 1st American-Indian on the MN Supreme Court", Bring Me the News, 28 June 2016; accessed 19 July 2016
^ Oshie-Blogs (April 7, 2008). "Minnesota H.S. Section 8A Boys' Hockey Site: Keeway Gaaboo .... A Symbol Of Pride For Fighting Sioux". section8ahockeyblog.blogspot.com.
^ The Press and Daily Dakotaian, Nov. 5, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [1]
^ The Hickman Courier, Dec.4, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [2]
^ Hole in the Day, St. Paul Daily Globe, Oct. 31, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [3]
^ Mr. Hole in the Day, The Indianapolis Journal, Oct 30, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [4]
^ A young Indian's Romantic History, The Minnesota Farmer, Apr. 23, 1886, Minnesota Media hub, 2023, MNHS, 345 Kellogg Blvd, St Paul, MN, [5]
^ An Indian Clerk, Stillwater Messenger, 12 Dec.1885, Minnesota Digital Newspaper hub, 2023 [6]

External links

White Earth Nation
Bemaadizing: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Indigenous Life (An online journal)
Eni–gikendaasoyang "Moving Towards Knowledge Together", Center for Indigenous Knowledge and Language Revitalization
White Earth Tribal & Community College

47°5′8″N 95°51′41″W / 47.08556°N 95.86139°W / 47.08556; -95.86139

[register-1] "Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs". Federal Register: 4636–41. January 28, 2022. Retrieved June 25, 2022.

[2] Stagner, Taylar (June 16, 2021). "Two Montana Tribes Settle Historic Compensation Case". Yellowstone Public Radio. Retrieved June 25, 2022.

[3] "Clara Sue Kidwell, PhD". North Carolina American Indian Health Board. Retrieved November 18, 2021.

[justice-4] LeMay, Konnie (July 18, 2016). "Bad Science Made Her Do It; That Is Become a Supreme Court Justice". Indian Country Today. Archived from the original on August 10, 2016. Retrieved January 2, 2023.

[McKeig-5] Shaymus McLaughlin, Melissa Turtinen and Simeon Lancaster, "Anne McKeig: The 1st American-Indian on the MN Supreme Court", Bring Me the News, 28 June 2016; accessed 19 July 2016

[6] Oshie-Blogs (April 7, 2008). "Minnesota H.S. Section 8A Boys' Hockey Site: Keeway Gaaboo .... A Symbol Of Pride For Fighting Sioux". section8ahockeyblog.blogspot.com.

[7] The Press and Daily Dakotaian, Nov. 5, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [1]

[8] The Hickman Courier, Dec.4, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [2]

[9] Hole in the Day, St. Paul Daily Globe, Oct. 31, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [3]

[10] Mr. Hole in the Day, The Indianapolis Journal, Oct 30, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [4]

[11] A young Indian's Romantic History, The Minnesota Farmer, Apr. 23, 1886, Minnesota Media hub, 2023, MNHS, 345 Kellogg Blvd, St Paul, MN, [5]

[12] An Indian Clerk, Stillwater Messenger, 12 Dec.1885, Minnesota Digital Newspaper hub, 2023 [6]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Native American band in Minnesota, USA}}
-The '''White Earth Band of Ojibwe''' (({{lang-oj|Gaa-waabaabiganikaag Anishinaabeg}}, {{abbr|lit.|literally}} 'Ojibwe from where there is an abundance of white clay') is a [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] band located in northwestern [[Minnesota]].  The band's land base is the [[White Earth Indian Reservation]]. Historically, the tribe was formed from the unification of [[Anishinaabe]] ([[Ojibwe]]) bands from the northern part of the state who were displaced by European settlement.
+{{Multiple issues|
+{{More citations needed|date=March 2021}}
-These bands are:
+{{More footnotes|date=March 2021}}
+}}
-* Gull Lake Band of [[Mississippi Chippewa]]
+{{use mdy dates|date=June 2022}}
-* Removable [[Mille Lacs Indians]]
-* Rabbit Lake Band of [[Mississippi Chippewa]]
+[[File:Reserva White Earth.PNG|right|thumb|Flag of the White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]]
+The '''White Earth Band of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe''',<ref name="register">{{cite journal |title=Indian Entities Recognized by and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs |journal=Federal Register |date=January 28, 2022 |pages=4636–41 |url=https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/01/28/2022-01789/indian-entities-recognized-by-and-eligible-to-receive-services-from-the-united-states-bureau-of |access-date=25 June 2022}}</ref> also called the '''White Earth Nation''' ({{lang-oj|Gaa-waabaabiganikaag Anishinaabeg}}, {{abbr|lit.|literally}} "People from where there is an abundance of white clay"), is a [[federally recognized]] [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] band located in northwestern [[Minnesota]]. The band's land base is the [[White Earth Indian Reservation]].
-* Rice Lake Band of [[Mississippi Chippewa]]
 With 19,291 members in 2007, the White Earth Band is the largest of the six component bands of the federally recognized [[Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]], formed after the 1934 [[Indian Reorganization Act]]. It is also the largest band in the state of Minnesota.
+The five other member tribe of the [[Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]] are the [[Bois Forte Band]] (Nett Lake), [[Fond du Lac Band]], [[Grand Portage Band]], [[Leech Lake Band]], and [[Mille Lacs Band]].<ref name=register/>
 ==History==
-On March 19, 1867, the US Congress established the [[White Earth Indian Reservation]] for the Mississippi Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, following ratification of a treaty between them and the United States. Congress had several session agreements regarding the White Earth Band of Ojibwe. After hearing many complaints about the [[Pillager Chippewa|Pillagers]], who were then landless, Congress authorized the relocation of the western Pillagers to the White Earth Indian Reservation. They had not been included in the [[Treaty of Washington (1855)#Treaty with the Chippewa|1855 Treaty of Washington]] ({{USStat|10|1165}}), which was made with the eastern Pillagers at the [[Mississippi River]] headwaters. Eventually the Otter Tail [[Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians]] and Wild Rice River [[Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians]] also came to settle alongside the Mississippi Chippewa at White Earth Reservation and effectively became part of the White Earth Band.
+The White Earth [[Nation]] was formed by joining multiple [[Ojibwe| Chippewa]] bands, from north central Minnesota.  They had been displaced by European-American settlement and consolidated onto a [[Indian reservation|reservation]] in  Mahnomen, Becker and Clearwater Counties.  Six Minnesota Chippewa bands  enroll members separately today, however they combine numbers when identifying the entire [[tribe]]. According to the [[Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]] council, the White Earth Band had 19,291 enrolled members in July 2007 making it the largest [[Assiniboine]] tribe in the state.
-Up until the [[Indian Reorganization Act]] of 1934, the six historical component bands located on the White Earth Indian Reservation acted independently of each other. Following the Reorganization Act, the six wrote a constitution to form the [[Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]]. They divided Minnesota into six Band districts, and unified those scattered Ojibwe bands that were not associated with the [[Red Lake Indian Reservation|Red Lake Band of Chippewa]], which did not join the Tribe.
+On March 19, 1867, the [[U.S. Congress]] established the [[White Earth Indian Reservation]] for the Mississippi Chippewa Indians in Minnesota, following the [[ratification]] of a [[treaty]] between them and the [[United States]]. Congress had several session agreements regarding the White Earth Band of Ojibwe. After hearing many complaints about the [[Pillager Chippewa|Pillagers]], who were then landless, Congress authorized the relocation of the western Pillagers to the White Earth Indian Reservation. They had not been included in the [[Treaty of Washington (1855)#Treaty with the Chippewa|1855 Treaty of Washington]] ({{USStat|10|1165}}), which was made with the eastern Pillagers at the [[Mississippi River]] [[headwaters]]. Eventually, the Otter Tail [[Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians]] and Wild Rice River [[Pembina Band of Chippewa Indians]] also came to settle alongside the Mississippi Chippewa at White Earth Reservation and effectively became part of the White Earth Band.
-The six component bands located on the White Earth Indian Reservation were unified into the single White Earth Band of Ojibwe of today. The six Minnesota Chippewa Tribe bands continue to enroll members separately, but also combine their numbers for the entire tribe. According to the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, the White Earth Band had 19,291 enrolled members in July 2007. It is the largest of the six bands in the Tribe, and the largest of any band in the state.
+These historic bands were:
+* Gull Lake Band of [[Mississippi River Chippewa]]
+* Removable [[Mille Lacs Indians]]
+* Rabbit Lake Band of [[Mississippi River Chippewa]]
+* Rice Lake Band of [[Mississippi River Chippewa]].{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}
+Up until the [[Indian Reorganization Act]] of 1934, the six bands living on the White Earth Indian Reservation acted independently of each other. Following the Reorganization Act, the six wrote a [[constitution]] forming the [[Minnesota Chippewa Tribe]]. Minnesota was divided into six tribal districts uniting all Ojibwe bands not associated with the [[Red Lake Indian Reservation|Red Lake Band of Chippewa]], and the Pembina band.  Both refused to relocate to White Earth thus maintaining their individual identity's.
+The tribe was involved in a case about how much compensation the descendants of the Pembina Chippewa should receive from the taking of land by the U.S. government during the early 1800s. The third and final settlement payment in 2022 of $59 million was split among the tribe, the [[Little Shell Chippewa]], the [[Chippewa Cree]], and the [[Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians|Turtle Mountain Tribe of North Dakota]] along with the 39,000 individual beneficiaries. Previous settlements in the case were in 1964 and 1980.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stagner |first=Taylar |date=2021-06-16 |title=Two Montana Tribes Settle Historic Compensation Case |language=en |work=Yellowstone Public Radio |url=https://www.ypradio.org/tribal-affairs/2021-06-16/two-montana-tribes-settle-historic-compensation-case |access-date=2022-06-25}}</ref>
 ==Notable citizens==
-<!-- Articles should be added for people on this list; please keep alphabetical order by surname when adding persons  -->
+<!-- Keep alphabetical order by surname  -->
+* [[Kathleen Annette]], [[physician]], health administrator
+* [[Clyde Bellecourt]] ([[White Earth Ojibwe]]), social activist
+* [[Vernon Bellecourt]], activist and early leader of the [[American Indian Movement]], founded in Minneapolis
+* [[Chief Bender|Charles Albert Bender]] - [[athlete]] and [[baseball pitcher]], elected in 1953 to [[Baseball Hall of Fame]]
+* [[Peggy Flanagan]], lieutenant governor and former Minnesota State Representative (D-46A)
+* [[Joe Guyon]], Professional [[Pro Football Hall of Fame|Football Hall of Fame]], [[College Football Hall of Fame]]
+* [[Gordon Henry Jr.]], [[poet]], writer
+* [[Clara Sue Kidwell]], Director of the American Indian Center, [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Clara Sue Kidwell, PhD |url=http://www.ncaihb.org/board-clara-sue-kidwell.php |website=North Carolina American Indian Health Board |access-date=18 November 2021}}</ref>
+* [[Winona LaDuke]], founder of the [[White Earth Land Recovery Project]] in 1989, to purchase land for the tribe within the reservation boundaries, work for [[reforestation]], and market traditional products, including [[wild rice]]; also two-time Green Party vice presidential nominee.
+* [[Robert Lilligren]], first American Indian tribal member to serve on the [[Minneapolis City Council]]
+* [[Anne McKeig]], [[Lawyer|attorney]] and [[judge]], appointed in June 2016 as the first Native American on the [[Minnesota State Supreme Court]]<ref name="justice">{{cite web |last1=LeMay |first1=Konnie |title=Bad Science Made Her Do It; That Is Become a Supreme Court Justice |url=http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/07/18/bad-science-made-her-do-it-become-supreme-court-justice-165175 |website=[[Indian Country Today]] |access-date=2 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810180810/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/07/18/bad-science-made-her-do-it-become-supreme-court-justice-165175 |archive-date=2016-08-10 |date=18 July 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="McKeig">[http://bringmethenews.com/2016/06/28/anne-mckeig-the-1st-american-indian-on-the-mn-supreme-court/ Shaymus McLaughlin, Melissa Turtinen and Simeon Lancaster, "Anne McKeig: The 1st American-Indian on the MN Supreme Court"], Bring Me the News, 28 June 2016; accessed 19 July 2016</ref>
+* [[Jean O'Brien]], historian who specializes in northeastern Woodlands American Indian history.
+* [[T. J. Oshie]], [[National Hockey League]] player and member of the 2014 USA Olympic Men's Hockey team<ref>{{cite web|url=http://section8ahockeyblog.blogspot.com/2008/04/keeway-gaaboo-symbol-of-pride-for.html|title=Minnesota H.S. Section 8A Boys' Hockey Site: Keeway Gaaboo .... A Symbol Of Pride For Fighting Sioux|author=Oshie-Blogs|work=section8ahockeyblog.blogspot.com|date=2008-04-07}}</ref>
+* [[Charlie Roy]], professional baseball player in 1906
+* [[Gerald Vizenor]], [[scholar]] and writer
+* [[Wabanquot (Chief)|Wabanquot]] (White Cloud), chief in the 19th century
+* Joseph Woodbury aka Joseph L. Hole-in-the-Day III (Hole-in-the-Day II's last child and [[hereditary]] Chief) Was nominated by [[Governor]] [[Alexander Ramsey|Ramsey]] to [[West Point]].  Was on the [[Haskell Indian Nations University| Haskill Institute]] football team and [[University of Minnesota]] graduate. Served in the 14th Minnesota Infantry during Spanish American War.  Worked for the [[Bureau of American Ethnology|Ethological Bureau]] recording [[oral tradition| indigenous lore]].  <ref>The Press and Daily Dakotaian, Nov. 5, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn91099608/1885-11-05/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1862&index=0&rows=20&words=Chippewa+Gov+Ramsey&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1886&proxtext=Gov+Ramsey+Chippewa&y=11&x=16&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1]</ref><ref>The Hickman Courier, Dec.4, 1885, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn91099608/1885-11-05/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1862&index=0&rows=20&words=Chippewa+Gov+Ramsey&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1886&proxtext=Gov+Ramsey+Chippewa&y=11&x=16&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1]</ref><ref>Hole in the Day, St. Paul Daily Globe, Oct. 31, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023  [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn90059522/1885-10-31/ed-1/seq-6/#date1=1770&index=1&rows=20&words=Day+Hole+Hole-ix-the-Day+Point+West&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1963&proxtext=+Hole+in+the+Day+West+Point&y=12&x=13&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1]</ref><ref>Mr. Hole in the Day, The Indianapolis Journal, Oct 30, 1885, p.4, Chronicling America, Library of Congress, 2023 [https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015679/1885-10-30/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1770&index=0&rows=20&words=Day+Hole+Hole-in-the-Day+Point+West&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1963&proxtext=+Hole+in+the+Day+West+Point&y=12&x=13&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1]</ref>  <ref> A young Indian's Romantic History, The Minnesota Farmer, Apr. 23, 1886, Minnesota Media hub, 2023,  MNHS, 345 Kellogg Blvd, St Paul, MN, [https://newspapers.mnhs.org/jsp/PsImageViewer.jsp?doc_id=d6a1eaf7-2788-4552-a1b4-4abb48ead8bf%2Fmnhi0031%2F1HMAU958%2F86042301]</ref> <ref>An Indian Clerk, Stillwater Messenger, 12 Dec.1885, Minnesota Digital Newspaper hub, 2023
+[https://newspapers.mnhs.org/jsp/PsImageViewer.jsp?doc_id=462c092d-c3f2-4d72-a116-d253ad0cdf05%2Fmnhi0031%2F1HMB4Q58%2F85121201]</ref>
+==See also==
-*[[Vernon Bellecourt]], activist and early leader of the [[American Indian Movement]], founded in Minneapolis
+* ''[[Superchief (film)|Superchief]]'', a film about an election for White Earth tribal chairman
-*Charles Albert [[Chief Bender|Bender]] - athlete and baseball pitcher, elected in 1953 to [[Baseball Hall of Fame]]
-*[[Joe Guyon]] - Professional Football Hall of Fame, College Football Hall of Fame
-*[[Clara Sue Kidwell]], Director of the American Indian Center, [[University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill]]{{cn|date=September 2014}}
-*[[Winona LaDuke]], founder of the [[White Earth Land Recovery Project]] in 1989, to purchase land for the tribe within the reservation boundaries, work for reforestation, and market traditional products, including wild rice; also two-time Green Party vice presidential nominee
-*[[Anne McKeig]], attorney and judge, appointed in June 2016 as the first Native American on the [[Minnesota State Supreme Court]]<ref name="justice">[http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2016/07/18/bad-science-made-her-do-it-become-supreme-court-justice-165175 Konnie LeMay, "Bad Science Made Her Do It; That Is Become a Supreme Court Justice"], ''Indian Country Today'', 18 July 2016; accessed 19 July 2016</ref><ref name="McKeig">[http://bringmethenews.com/2016/06/28/anne-mckeig-the-1st-american-indian-on-the-mn-supreme-court/ Shaymus McLaughlin, Melissa Turtinen and Simeon Lancaster, "Anne McKeig: The 1st American-Indian on the MN Supreme Court"], Bring Me the News, 28 June 2016; accessed 19 July 2016</ref>
-*[[Jean O'Brien]], historian who specializes in northeastern Woodlands American Indian history.
-*[[Charlie Roy]], professional baseball player in 1906
-*[[Gerald Vizenor]], scholar and writer
-*[[Wabanquot (Chippewa chief)|Wabanquot]] (White Cloud), chief in the 19th century
-*[[Peggy Flanagan]], lieutenant governor and former Minnesota State Representative (D-46A)
-*[[Robert Lilligren]], first American Indian tribal member to serve on the Minneapolis City Council
 ==References==
@@ Line 37: / Line 56: @@
 ==Further reading==
-*{{cite book |last=Treuer |first=Anton |title=The Assassination of Hole in the Day |location=St. Paul |publisher=Minnesota Historical Society Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0873517799}}
+* {{cite book |last=Treuer |first=Anton |title=The Assassination of Hole in the Day |location=St. Paul |publisher=Minnesota Historical Society Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0873517799}}
-*{{cite books |last=Treuer |first=Anton |title=Ojibwe in Minnesota |location=St. Paul |publisher=Minnesota Historical Society Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0873517683}}
+* {{cite book |last=Treuer |first=Anton |title=Ojibwe in Minnesota |location=St. Paul |publisher=Minnesota Historical Society Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0873517683}}
 ==External links==
-* [http://www.whiteearth.com White Earth Indian Reservation Tribal Council]
+* [http://www.whiteearth.com White Earth Nation]
 * [http://www.bemaadizing.org/ ''Bemaadizing: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Indigenous Life''] (An online journal)
 * [http://www.d.umn.edu/enigikendaasoyang/ Eni–gikendaasoyang "Moving Towards Knowledge Together"], Center for Indigenous Knowledge and Language Revitalization
-* [http://www.wetcc.org/ White Earth Tribal & Community College]
+* [http://www.wetcc.edu/ White Earth Tribal & Community College]
 {{Mississippi Chippewa}}
@@ Line 50: / Line 69: @@
 {{Pillager Chippewa}}
 {{Lake Superior Chippewa}}
-{{coord missing|Minnesota}}
 {{Anishinaabe}}
+{{Coord|47|5|8|N|95|51|41|W|display=title}}
+{{authority control}}
+[[Category:White Earth Band of Ojibwe| ]]
 [[Category:Ojibwe governments]]
 [[Category:Native American tribes in Minnesota]]

v t e Mississippi Chippewa
Full political Successors	Mille Lacs White Earth
Minor political Successors	Leech Lake St. Croix

v t e Pembina Chippewa
Full political Successors	Chippewa Cree Little Shell Roseau River Turtle Mountain
Minor political Successors	Red Lake White Earth

v t e Pillager Chippewa
Full political Successors	Leech Lake
Minor political Successors	White Earth

v t e Lake Superior Chippewa
Full political successors	Bad River Bois Forte Fond du Lac Grand Portage Keweenaw Bay Lac Courte Oreilles Lac du Flambeau Lac Vieux Desert Red Cliff Sokaogon St. Croix
Minor political successors	Leech Lake Mille Lacs White Earth
Related groups	Findians