Twig dwarf dizziness

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Twig dwarf dizziness
2012-07-14 Marasmiellus ramealis (Bull.) Singer 237156.jpg

Twig dwarf vertigo ( Marasmiellus ramealis )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Omphalotaceae
Genre : Marasmiellus
Type : Twig dwarf dizziness
Scientific name
Marasmiellus ramealis
( Bull .: Fr. ) Singer

The twig dwarf dizziness or short twig or branch dizziness ( Marasmiellus ramealis , syn.  Marasmius ramealis ) is a species of fungus from the family of Omphalotaceae. It colonizes dead branches and twigs of hardwood and conifers and usually forms small, whitish to cream-gray fruiting bodies there between June and October. The gregarious agaric mushroom is inedible.

features

Macroscopic features

The hat is 0.5–1.5 cm wide, at first hemispherical, soon arched to spread out and weakly nibbled with age. The whitish to pale buff-colored or flesh-brownish surface is dry and dull and often a little darker in color in the middle. The edge is sharp and wrinkled moist. The broad, intermingled lamellas are quite distant. They are whitish-cream colored when young and later have a dirty pink tone. The spore powder is white. The elastic to cartilaginous stalk is 1–2 cm long and 0.1–0.2 cm wide. It is usually relatively short and often more or less curved, the inside is full. The tip is whitish, towards the base the stem becomes darker flesh-brown to red-brown and is flocked slightly whitish. The tough meat is very thin and has no noticeable odor. It tastes inconspicuously mild to bitter-musty.

Microscopic features

The elongated spores are 8–11 µm long and 2.5–4 µm wide. At one end they are often more or less pointed. The cystids and hairs of the cap skin are sacked (diverticulate) or brush-shaped.

Species delimitation

The frequent twig dwarf dizziness is particularly characterized by its rapid growth. Other swindles can look very similar. The common venomous swindler ( Marasmius epiphyllus ) is about the same size and grows on dead plant parts (leaf stalks or herb stalks). It can be recognized by its lamellae, which are much more distant and usually only formed as flat veins. The bifurcated veil helmet ( Delicatula integrella ) also has only veined lamellae . It is a small, pure white mushroom that occurs in large groups on moss-covered tree stumps. In contrast to the twig dwarf dwarf, its spores are amyloid . The white dwarf vertebrate ( Marasmiellus candidus ) is also similar . It grows a little larger and has an irregularly wrinkled and often somewhat deformed hat. Its lamellae are widely spaced and are connected across veins. The spores are somewhat larger (11–15 × 4–6 µm.) The species is rare in Germany and occurs more frequently in the Atlantic climate area.

Ecology and phenology

The fruiting bodies appear from June to October in periods of rain, mostly in larger groups on dead hardwood or softwood boxes. The twig dwarf vertigo sometimes forms dense lawns. The fungus, which is common everywhere, can be found in all biotopes and has an extremely wide range of substrates.

distribution

European countries with evidence of finding of the twig dwarf dwarf.
Legend:
green = countries with found reports
cream white = countries without evidence
light gray = no data
dark gray = non-European countries.

The twig dwarf vertigo occurs in North America (Mexico, USA), Asia (Georgia, East Siberia, North Korea, South Korea), North Africa (Morocco) and Europe. In Europe it is widespread from meridional to temperate . It has been found in south and south-east Europe (Spain, Corsica, Italy, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine). In Western Europe it occurs in France, the Benelux countries and in Great Britain and Ireland. It is also widespread throughout Central Europe and Eastern Europe (Belarus). In the north it is found in Estonia and the southern and central Fennoscandinavia. In Norway its distribution area extends up to the 65th, in Sweden up to the 63rd and in Finland up to the 60th parallel.

meaning

The twig dwarf dizziness is not an edible mushroom.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Jadson JS Oliveira, Ruby Vargas-Isla, Tiara S. Cabral, Doriane P. Rodrigues, Noemia K. Ishikawa: Progress on the phylogeny of the Omphalotaceae: Gymnopus s. str., Marasmiellus s. str., Paragymnopus gen. nov. and Pusillomyces gen. nov. In: Mycological Progress . tape 18 , no. 5 , May 2019, ISSN  1617-416X , p. 713-739 , doi : 10.1007 / s11557-019-01483-5 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (=  spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 102 .
  3. ↑ a b c Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , pp. 76 .
  4. ↑ a b Marcel Bon : Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp.  176 (English: The mushrooms and tools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer).
  5. ↑ a b c German Josef Krieglsteiner (ed.), Andreas Gminder : Die Großpilze Baden-Württemberg . Volume 3: Mushrooms. Blattpilze I. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3536-1 , p. 335.
  6. ↑ Belgian List 2012 - Marasmiellus ramealis. Retrieved December 6, 2013 .
  7. ↑ Zdenko Tkalcec & Mesic Armin: Preliminary checklist of Agaricales from Croatia. I. Families Pleurotaceae and Tricholomataceae. In: Mycotaxon . Vol: 81, 2002, pp. 113-176 (English, cybertruffle.org.uk ).
  8. ^ A b Worldwide distribution of Marasmiellus ramealis. (No longer available online.) In: GBIF Portal / data.gbif.org. Archived from the original on December 12, 2013 ; Retrieved December 6, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Grid map of Marasmiellus ramealis. In: NBN Gateway / data.nbn.org.uk. Retrieved December 6, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Marasmiellus ramealis. Pilzoek database, accessed December 6, 2013 .
  11. ↑ NMV Verspreidingsatlas online: Marasmiellus ramealis. In: verspreidingsatlas.nl. Retrieved December 6, 2013 .

Web links

Commons : twig dwarf vertigo ( Marasmiellus ramealis )  - album with pictures, videos and audio files