External status

Easter Monday parade of the outer stand on Waisenhausplatz, on the far right in the picture the Hurispiegel (1785)

The town hall to the outer stand (around 1880)

Constitution of the highly commendable external status of the city of Bern [...] , from the possession of Rudolf Gabriel Manuel (1764)

The Äussere Stand was a ceremonial society of young citizens from the city of Bern . The origins of the Outer Stand, which was dissolved in 1799, are unclear.

history

Possibly the outer state goes back to late medieval free crowd movements. The Outer Stand imitated the Bernese government (Innerer Stand) in its administrative structure with all offices such as Schultheiss , Seckelmeister , Venner , councils and fictional bailiffs . The at least 18-year-old members were able to prepare themselves for the administrative work in the actual regiment. In contrast to the patriciate , which became increasingly closed from the middle of the 17th century , the Äussere Stand was open to all citizens until the end. In 1794 the Outer Estate was made up of 94 members of non-governmental and 59 (of 76) ruling families. The Äussere Stand organized military parades and mock battles ( bowl war ) on the Kirchenfeld at irregular intervals, and the annual parade of the Äussere Stand took place on Easter Monday. In 1757 the external stand introduced the speaker's day. On the occasion of the speaker's day, members of the Outer Stand such as Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner , Johann Rudolf Tschiffeli , Emanuel von Graffenried , Niklaus Anton Kirchberger , Friedrich Rosselet and Karl Ludwig von Haller spoke about historical and political issues.

The company was dissolved in 1799 due to financial bottlenecks. The silver crockery and several pieces of ostentatious furniture were bought in 1799 by the archery society of the city of Bern and the civic community of Bern . The showcase from the council chamber and other furniture ended up in the collection of the Bern Historical Museum . In the former town hall of the Äusseren Stand, possibly built by Albrecht Stürler from 1728 to 1730, there has been a restaurant since 1980.

swell

Historical archive

Archive of the external status (17th century – 18th century), Mss.hhX1–47 in the catalog of the Burgerbibliothek Bern

Scattered sources

The statutes of the external state 1688 , State Archives of the Canton of Bern , FA von Graffenried II 43
Record of the ground interest of the outer state of Murten (1691–1694), State Archives of the Canton of Bern, FA von Graffenried II 44
Assignment of the ride of honor of the outer stand (1725), Mss.hhXIV.51 (2) in the catalog of the Burgerbibliothek Bern
Excerpt from the Green Book. The police regulations of the external status (18th century), State Archives of the Canton of Bern, FA von Graffenried II 42
Burger toboggan run by the City of Bern's outer stand (1786), State Archives of the Canton of Bern, DQ 494
Patent of the external status of the city of Bern for Sigmund von Erlach as ruler according to «Château-Pucelle» (1792), State Archives of the Canton of Bern, FA von Erlach I 760a
Scattered stocks in the Bern Burger Library

Printed sources

Daniel Tscharner: A description of the "outer state" from 1737 . doi : 10.5169 / seals-243611
Constitution of the highly commendable external status of the city of Bern. On Easter 1764 , Bern, Victor Emanuel Hortin, 1764.
Patriotic speeches given in front of the highly commendable external booth of the city of Bern , Bern 1773. Digitized
Fine order of the highly commendable outside class. from the 22nd Merz 1793 , Bern, Daniel Brunner, 1793.

literature

Carl Jakob Durheim: Historical reports on the history of the "aristocratic Flitzbogen-Schützengesellschaft von Bern", from their origin to the present time 1856. In: Berner Taschenbuch on the year 1857 , pp. 79–121 digitized
Hermann von Fischer ea: The outer stand of Bern and its town hall , Bern 1982.
Hermann von Fischer: Fonck a Berne. Furniture and equipment from the Funk family of craftsmen in Bern in the 18th century. 2nd Edition. Stämpfli, Bern 2002.
Basilius Hidber : The former so-called outer state of the city and republic of Bern , Bern 1858. Digitized
André Holenstein: Äusserer Stand. In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz .
Wolfgang Friedrich von Mülinen : From the external stand and the uri mirror . In: Leaves for Bern. History, art and antiquity, Vol. 12 (1916), pp. 1–32, digitized
Dieter Plankl and Daniel Schmutz: Supplements and additions to the sixteen pennies and medals of the Inner and Outer Stand of Bern . In: Schweizer Münzblätter, Bern, No. 199 (2000), pp. 43–50.
Daniel Schmutz: Gold in the world of diplomacy. Gifts from the English ambassador Thomas Coxe on his mission in Switzerland (1689–1692) . In: Art + Architecture in Switzerland. - Vol. 51 (2000), H. 1, pp. 23-32.
Rudolf Steck: A conflict between the Bernese external estate and the Imperial Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg in 1795 . In: Berner Taschenbuch 1906, pp. 287–317.
Robert L. Wyss: The council chamber of the outer state of Bern , in: Our art monuments No. 25 (1974), pp. 183-195. doi : 10.5169 / seals-393160
Robert L. Wyss: Craftsmanship in gold and silver. The silver dishes of the Bern guilds, societies and civil associations , Bern 1996, pp. 245–264.

Remarks

↑ Mülinen 1916, p. 10.

↑ Mülinen 1916, p. 11.

^ Durheim, p. 105.

↑ The Äussere Stand in Bern ( Memento of the original from May 8, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF), information from the restaurant Äusserer Stand, accessed on May 8, 2014 @1@ 2

Web links

Commons : Outer Stand - collection of images, videos and audio files

Le Singe du Louable Etat exterieur de la ville de Berne on www.britishmuseum.org

[1] Mülinen 1916, p. 10.

[2] Mülinen 1916, p. 11.

[3] Durheim, p. 105.