Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner

Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner, Portrait of Jakob Emanuel Handmann (1750)

Tscharner's bookplate (around 1760)

Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner (born March 4, 1728 in Bern , † September 16, 1778 ibid), entitled to reside in Bern, Rolle and Aubonne , was a Swiss writer , historian and magistrate .

Life

Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner was born as the son of Emanuel Tscharner (1699–1777), then mayor of the outer class , and Maria Magdalena Tscharner (1704–1788). Together with his brother Niklaus Emanuel Tscharner he was taught from 1738 by the young theologian and later professor Johann Friedrich Stapfer , whose focus was on linguistic training. The two spent the years 1742 to 1745 with their teacher in Montagny and from 1748 to 1750 in Frauenfeld , when their father was bailiff to Thurgau . The two brothers then traveled with Stapfer for a year through England, Holland, France and Germany.

Between 1757 and 1764, the year of the citizen occupation, numerous new social institutions emerged in Bern. Vincenz Bernhard initially belonged to the literary Leist Conservatoire founded in 1757 . In 1759 he became a member of the Economic Society and the Grande Société . He was also one of the first members of the Helvetic Society . Vincenz Bernhard founded the Patriotic Society ( Société des citoyens ) together with the law professor Daniel Fellenberg and the theology professors Johannes Stapfer and Samuel Anton Wilhelmi . This society pursued noble goals, which is expressed in the very first questions of the prize: By what means can the corrupt customs of a people be restored? What kind of path does a legislator have to take? The questions were advertised internationally, but no one answered the first call who could have submitted an award-winning paper. The questions were written out a second time, slightly modified, and the then still unknown young theologian Johann Gottfried Herder from Riga received a second prize. A first one was not awarded. The Patriotic Society only existed for four years. From the summer of 1759, Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner also received writers and scholars from all over Europe in his newly built Bellevue country estate (today the Ziegler Hospital area in Bern), including Christoph Martin Wieland and Christian Cay Lorenz Hirschfeld . In 1759 he became a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences .

In 1758 Vincenz Bernhard Tscharners founded the Typographische Sozietät in Bern, which ran a publishing bookstore in Bern and initially became known throughout Switzerland as Tscharner's bookstore . From 1762 on, the Typographische Gesellschaft took care of the distribution and mailing of the essays of the Economic Society. The most important publications are the Latin and Italian journals that it edited, as well as Haller's poems in Tscharner's French translation and finally the Encyclopédie d'Yverdon , a new version of the Encyclopédie, published in Bern and Lausanne by Fortunato de Felice in 1781 .

Vincenz Bernhard married Maria Salome von Bonstetten, Karl Viktor von Bonstetten's sister, in 1754 . The two lived in what would become Fellerstock in Bümpliz and later in Campagne Bellevue . After Tscharner was elected to the Grand Council in 1764, he was later bailiff to Aubonne VD and Lugano . Shortly after he was elected to Lugano, Vincenz Bernhard died on his way home from Ticino after a short illness in 1778. Niklaus Emanuel Tscharner expressed himself as follows after the early death of his brother: My blessed brother, fiery, active, determined was his spirit, and in order to give such nourishment, with the best intention of serving his fellow citizens at the same time, he ran the bookshop and founded it Society in 1759.

Tscharner's bookplate contains his motto S'occuper, c'est savoir jouir , a verse from Voltaire's Stance à la Princesse de Suède, Ulrique de Prusse (1747).

Works

• Poésies choisies de M [onsieur] de Haller traduites en prose par Monsieur de T [sharpner] , Göttingen 1750.
• History of the Confederates , Vol. 2, Zurich 1758. online
• Albrecht von Haller: Poésies , trans. Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner, Bern 1760. online
• Von der Wässerung , in: Abhandlungen der Ökonomische Gesellschaft in Bern, Jg. 1761, first piece, pp. 13–28. doi: 10.5169 / seals-386524
• Proposal to encourage the construction of silk in the Waat , in: Treatises and observations collected by the Economic Society of Bern, Bern, 5th year, 4th piece (1764), pp. 3-18. doi: 10.5169 / seals-386618
• History of the Confederates , Vol. 1, Zurich 1768. online
• Examination of a few doubts against the restriction or distribution of the Allmenten , in: Treatises and observations collected by the Ökonomische Gesellschaft zu Bern, Bern, 9th year, 2nd piece (1768), pp. 181-209. doi: 10.5169 / seals-386671
• Continuation of the examination of some doubts against the restriction or distribution of the Allmenten , in: Treatises and observations collected by the Economic Society in Bern, Bern, 10th year, 2nd piece (1769), pp. 109-131. doi: 10.5169 / seals-386679
• Eulogy for Mr. Albert Haller, who at the event of the Lobl. economic society has been publicly read on the fifth and twentieth Merzen. Typographische Gesellschaft, Bern 1778. online
• Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner, Gottlieb Emanuel von Haller: Dictionnaire historique, politique et geographique de la Suisse , Vol. 2, Geneva 1777. online
• Eloge de Alb [ert] Haller , Bern 1778. online
• Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner, Gottlieb Emanuel von Haller: Dictionnaire historique, politique et geographique de la Suisse , Vol. 1, Geneva 1788. online

Archival material

• Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner's estate in the catalog of the Bern Burger Library
• Scattered stocks in the Bern Burger Library
• Discours manuscrits (1776–1778) (Vaud State Archives)

literature

• Message from Mr. Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner, a man who deserves his fatherland , in: Neue Sammlung physico-economic writings , Bern, Vol. 2 (1782), pp. LXV – LXXXV.
• Richard Hamel (Ed.): Communications from letters from 1748–68 to Vincenz Bernhard von Tscharner , Rostock 1881.
• Emil Blösch :  Tscharner, Vincenz Bernhard von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 38, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1894, pp. 704 f.
• Enid Stoye: Vincent Bernard de Tscharner 1728–1778. A study of Swiss culture in the 18th century. Friborg 1954.
• Manuel Kehrli: Portrait of a gentleman in an elegant interior. Emanuel Handmann's portrait of a "homme de lettres" from 1759 in the Bernisches Historisches Museum , in: Der Kleine Bund No. 146 (2000), p. 3. online (PDF; 296 kB)
• Manuel Kehrli: Vincenz Bernhard Tscharner , in: Les Tscharner de Berne, Genève 2003, pp. 601–603.
• Wolfgang Friedrich von Mülinen : Daniel Fellenberg and the Patriotic Society in Bern , Bern 1900.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Bern Burger Library, FA von Tscharner A 61 (8)

Web links

Commons : Vinzenz Bernhard Tscharner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Hans Braun: Tscharner, Vinzenz Bernhard. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .