Role VD

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
VD is the abbreviation for the canton of Vaud in Switzerland and is used to avoid confusion with other entries in the name Rollef .
role
Roll of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of VaudCanton of Vaud Vaud (VD)
District : Nyonw
BFS no. : 5861i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 1180
UN / LOCODE : CH ROL
Coordinates : 515450  /  145 756 coordinates: 46 ° 27 '28 "  N , 6 ° 20' 17"  O ; CH1903:  515450  /  145 756
Height : 376  m above sea level M.
Height range : 372–442 m above sea level M.
Area : 2.74  km²
Residents: 6259 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 2284 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.rolle.ch
Houses on the Grand-Rue

Houses on the Grand-Rue
Location of the municipality
Genfersee Lac des Rousses Frankreich Frankreich Kanton Genf Kanton Genf Kanton Genf Bezirk Jura-Nord vaudois Bezirk Morges Arnex-sur-Nyon Arzier-Le Muids Bassins Begnins Bogis-Bossey Borex Bursinel Bursins Burtigny Chavannes-de-Bogis Chavannes-des-Bois Chéserex Coinsins Commugny Coppet Crans-près-Céligny Crassier Duillier Dully Essertines-sur-Rolle Eysins Founex Genolier Gilly VD Gingins Givrins Gland VD Grens Longirod Luins Marchissy Mies VD Mont-sur-Rolle Nyon Perroy VD Prangins La Rippe Rolle VD Saint-Cergue Saint-George Signy-Avenex Tannay VD Tartegnin Trélex Le Vaud Vich VD VinzelMap of Rolle
About this picture
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Rolle ( German obsolete: Roll ) is a municipality in the Nyon district in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland .

geography

Rolle lies at 376  m above sea level. M. , 11 km northeast of the district capital Nyon (air line). The town extends on the flat edge of the shoreline of Lake Geneva , at the foot of the Vaudois Côte .

Aerial photo (1964)

The area of ​​the municipal area of ​​2.7 km² includes a section on the north-west bank of Lake Geneva. The municipal soil extends from the lakeshore inland over the flat edge of the shore to the main road that runs from Nyon along the foot of the Vaudois Côte to Aubonne . Here with 442  m above sea level. M. achieved the highest elevation of Rolle. To the south-west, the area extends to the mouth of the Flon de Vincy stream in Lake Geneva. In 1997, 57% of the municipal area was in settlements, 6% in forests and woodlands, 36% in agriculture and a little less than 1% was unproductive land.

Some villa quarters and wineries belong to Rolle. Neighboring communities to Rolle are Bursinel , Gilly , Tartegnin , Mont-sur-Rolle and Perroy .

population

Population development
year Residents
1850 1398
1900 2025
1910 2126
1930 2195
1950 2677
1960 2942
1970 3658
1980 3409
1990 3646
2000 4235

With 6,259 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2018), Rolle is one of the medium-sized municipalities in the canton of Vaud. 73.9% of the residents are French-speaking, 4.9% Portuguese-speaking and 4.3% English-speaking (as of 2000). The population of Rolle slowly increased during the first half of the 20th century. There has been stronger growth since 1950, especially during the 1960s and 1990s. In contrast, there were only minor changes between 1970 and 1990.

economy

For a long time, Rolle was an agricultural town. Today agriculture plays only a subordinate role as a branch of the population. In the municipality there are several small wine-growing areas and the large winery Schenk SA. The remaining agricultural area is dominated by arable farming .

Since the middle of the 19th century, besides urban handicrafts and trades, industry has also settled in Rolle. Most jobs are in the service sector. Rolle was the seat of the Société suisse des employés de commerce (Le Courtil, closed since 2015) and the Ecole Internationale von Le Rosey , which z. B. the sculptor Benno Elkan visited. As the regional center of the Vaudois Côte, Rolle has a hospital, wine shops and tourist infrastructure. In the last few decades the place has developed into a residential community thanks to its attractive location. New residential quarters emerged primarily in the west and northwest of the old town.

Rolle has recently seen a real boom in the number of European headquarters moving in. Examples: Archer Daniels Midland , Yahoo , Nissan , Infiniti , Numonyx , Cisco (parts)

traffic

The place has excellent transport connections. It is located on main road 1 , which leads from Geneva along the lakeshore to Lausanne . The Rolle motorway junction on the A1 (Geneva-Lausanne) opened in 1964 , which crosses the municipality, is around 1 km from the city center.

On April 14, 1858, the section from Morges to Coppet of the Lausanne – Geneva railway line with a station in Rolle was put into operation. The Postbus lines, which run from Rolle to Gland , Gimel and Aubonne , provide for the fine distribution of public transport . The town is also connected to the shipping network on Lake Geneva. From 1898 to 1938 the Rolle - Gimel (RG) overland tram from Rolle to Gimel was in operation.

history

Traces of settlement from Roman times have been discovered in the area of ​​La Combe . The place was first mentioned in 1294 under the name Castrum Rotuli . In 1295 the name Ruello appeared and in 1330 Ruelloz . The place name goes back to the Latin word rotula , the diminutive of rota ( wheel ). The actual city of Rolle was founded in 1318 under Ludwig II of Savoy next to the existing castle. The Savoy thus established a counterpoint to the dominion of Mont-le-Grand, whose castle stood in the municipality of Mont-sur-Rolle .

With the conquest of Vaud by Bern in 1536, Rolle came under the administration of the Bailiwick of Morges , and formed a Kastlanei, which roughly corresponded to the area of ​​today's Rolle district. After the collapse of the Ancien Régime , the small town belonged to the canton of Léman from 1798 to 1803 during the Helvetic Republic, which then became part of the canton of Vaud when the mediation constitution came into force . In 1798 Rolle became the capital of the then created district of the same name.

Attractions

Rolle has a medieval townscape ; the houses stand along the Grand-Rue, the only long street in the town. The Reformed Parish Church of Saint-Grat, consecrated in 1519, underwent several changes in the 18th century, while the bell tower dates back to the Middle Ages. The Catholic Church of Saint Joseph was built in neo-Gothic style in 1843. She owns glass paintings by Alexandre Cingria (1929) in the choir .

Château de Rolle, September 2010
Château de Rolle

The castle of Rolle, built in 1264 by the Counts of Savoy, was burned down by the Confederates in 1530 and 1536 . It stands right on the lake shore and was previously protected from the land by ditches. The palace complex has an irregular floor plan: a three-wing complex with a large, trapezoidal courtyard open to the west. Most of the buildings come from the renovations and new constructions in the 15th and 16th centuries. At the end of the two wings jutting out to the west there is a round tower each (the northern one is the only one from the 13th century), while the castle is flanked by two square towers on the lake side. Today the municipality of Rolle is located in a part of the castle.

In the historical center many old houses from the 17th to 19th century. The Maison d'Allinges with a crenellated entrance was built in the 16th century. The casino dates from 1875. The classicist Petite Fleur d'Eau pavilion has stood on the lakeshore since 1826 .

Ile de la Harpe, Lake Geneva, September 2010

In the lake is the artificial island Île de la Harpe , which was created at the beginning of the 19th century to protect the port. A monument to Frédéric-César de la Harpe has stood on the tree-lined islet since 1844. The manor house of the Pré de Vert domain was built at the end of the 19th century.

Roll, aerial view

Personalities

literature

  • Paul Bissegger: Les monuments d'art e d'histoire du Canton de Vaud, Tome VII: Rolle et son district. Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 2012 (Art Monuments of Switzerland, Volume 120) ISBN 3-7643-1208-4 . Pp. 258-377.

Web links

Commons : Role  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .