Ölbach (Berkel)

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Ölbach
Odinkbach, Ollibäke
The Ölbach near Ahaus-Wüllen

The Ölbach near Ahaus-Wüllen

Data
Water code DE : 92846
location North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany
River system Rhine
Drain over Berkel  → IJssel  → IJsselmeer  → North Sea
River basin district IJssel
source In the area of ​​the city of Stadtlohn south of Ahaus-Wüllen
52 ° 1 ′ 56 ″  N , 6 ° 56 ′ 34 ″  E
muzzle near Vreden, district Ellewick Coordinates: 52 ° 3 '47 "  N , 6 ° 46' 52"  E 52 ° 3 '47 "  N , 6 ° 46' 52"  E

length 18.9 km
Small towns Stadtlohn , Ahaus , Vreden
Communities Ahaus- Wüllen , Ahaus- Ottenstein

The Ölbach is an 18.9 km long stream in the district of Borken , North Rhine-Westphalia , which rises in Stadtlohn and already flows into the Berkel behind Vreden . About it it drains over IJssel / IJsselmeer into the North Sea . It has the water code number 92846.

geology

Belemnites from the Ölbach near Wüllen.

The Ölbach is one of the few natural outcrops of this region due to the topographical nature (gentle hills or flat land ) of the Münsterland and is known for its numerous finds of belemnites . In its upper and middle reaches, it exposes the gray clay layers belonging to the Alb (Lower Cretaceous) including the fossils contained therein.

Surname

The Low German name of the Ölbach is "Ollibäke", which corresponds to the High German "Ölbach". It was named after the former oil mill, which was located shortly before the confluence with the Berkel.

Before the oil mill was built, the brook was called "Odinkbach" (Low German: Odinckbeeke ). For the year 1729 this name was still in use, although the brook was increasingly called "Ölbach". Corresponding field names (“an Oeding Bach”) are still listed in the land map of the original cadastre from 1827.

Use as a mill stream

In addition to the eponymous oil mill, there was a fulling mill upstream , which goes back to a privilege granted by Bishop Franz von Waldeck in 1549 . However, this was probably only in operation for a short time, as the Vreden Abbey built a fulling mill at Berkel in 1583. On the basis of this privilege, a paper mill was built on the Ölbach in 1729. At this point the oil mill was probably already in operation. The paper mill only remained in operation for a few years due to financial problems and poor paper quality. The poor paper quality was caused by flat cooling . For further processing, the flax first had to be softened, for which purpose it was soaked in water. The affected Ölbach water discolored the paper, which turned gray or even almost black.

Trivia

Although the stream is less than 20 km long, Jens Spahn , Johannes Röring (both CDU) and Ursula Schulte (SPD), three members of the Bundestag, live a few hundred meters from the Ölbach or grew up there. The Ölbach flows through the constituencies Steinfurt I - Borken I and Borken II .

Web links and sources

Commons : Ölbach (Berkel)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c lanuv.nrw p. 232
  2. ^ Helmut Bechtel: The Münsterland in color. (Colorful Cosmos Pocket Guide). Franckh'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-440-04640-0 , p. 62 u. P. 66.
  3. ↑ Landkarte 28 sheet 2 of the Ammeloe community. In: Franz Leeck, Guido Leeck: Maps of the original cadastre of Vreden and Ammeloe. Vreden 2013, ISBN 978-3-926627-71-1 .
  4. ↑ See Hermann Terhalle: Vreden at the turn of the millennium. Vreden 1999, ISBN 3-926627-30-1 , p. 302.
  5. ↑ Map 1 of the municipality of Vreden. In: Franz Leeck, Guido Leeck: Maps of the original cadastre of Vreden and Ammeloe. Vreden 2013, ISBN 978-3-926627-71-1 .
  6. ↑ See Hermann Terhalle: Vreden at the turn of the millennium. Vreden 1999, ISBN 3-926627-30-1 , p. 302 f.