ATP / ADP translocase

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ATP / ADP translocase
Mass / length primary structure 298-315 amino acids
Secondary to quaternary structure Homodimer, multipass membrane protein
Isoforms 1, 2, 3, 4
Identifier
Gene name (s) SLC25A4 , SLC25A5 , SLC25A6 , SLC25A31
Transporter classification
TCDB 2.A.29.1.2
designation Mitochondrial carrier
Occurrence
Parent taxon Eukaryotes

ATP / ADP translocase (AAC) is the protein in the mitochondrial membrane of eukaryotes that catalyzes the transport of ATP from the mitochondrion ; at the same time, ADP is introduced from the cytosol . Transport is an essential part of energy metabolism, as ATP is needed as an energy supplier everywhere in the cell.

In humans there are four paralogous isoforms of the transporter, which are localized in different tissue types . Mutations in the SLC25A4 - gene coding for AAC1 coded , are responsible for a rare hereditary disease associated with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (paralysis of the eye muscles associated).

The transport equation is:

It is therefore an antiporter , and it is operated by the fact that ADP or ATP are transported without binding magnesium ions. At pH 7, ATP is negatively charged four times, and ADP three times negative. Thus ATP migrates preferentially along the membrane potential from the matrix into the IMR .

Bongkrek acid, an inhibitor of the ATP / ADP translocator

AAC is a common protein found in the mitochondrial inner membrane and can make up up to 14% of all inner membrane proteins. As a result, ATP synthesis is unlikely to be limited due to a lack of ADP. The translocase can be inhibited by atractyloside , a glycoside. Also Bongkrekic Acid inhibits the translocator. This binds to the matrix side of the protein and therefore has to get into the mitochondrial matrix first. Bongkrek acid is excreted by the bacterium Pseudomonas cocovenenas .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Homologues at OMA
  2. ↑ UniProt P12235
  3. ↑ Jeremy M. Berg, Lubert Stryer and John L. Tymoczko: Biochemistry. Spectrum Academic Publishing House; 6th edition 2007; ISBN 978-3-8274-1800-5 ; P. 589
  4. ↑ Thomas M. Devlin (Ed.): Textbook of Biochemistry with Clinical Correlations . Wiley & Sons; 6th edition 2005; ISBN 0-471-67808-2 ; P. 570
  5. ↑ Jonathan J. Ruprecht, Martin S. King, Thomas Zögg, Antoniya A. Aleksandrova, Els Pardon, Paul G. Crichton, Jan Steyaert, Edmund RS Kunji: The Molecular Mechanism of Transport by the Mitochondrial ADP / ATP Carrier . In: Cell . tape 176 , no. 3 , January 24, 2019, ISSN  0092-8674 , p. 435–447.e15 , doi : 10.1016 / j.cell.2018.11.025 ( sciencedirect.com [accessed January 29, 2019]).
  6. ↑ Henderson, PJ. and Lardy, HA. (1970): Bongkrekic acid. An inhibitor of the adenine nucleotide translocase of mitochondria . In: J Biol Chem . 245 (6); 1319-1326; PMID 4245638 ; PDF (free full text access)

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