Aaron T. Beck

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Aaron T. Beck, 2016

Aaron Temkin Beck (born July 18, 1921 in Providence , Rhode Island ) is an American psychiatrist and psychotherapist . He is considered the father of cognitive behavioral therapy and is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation . At about the same time as Albert Ellis , he changed classical behavior therapy and added cognitive concepts, which he mainly applied to the psychotherapy of depression .

life and work

Beck comes from a Jewish family. Maternal and paternal ancestors immigrated from Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. In his childhood he suffered from serious illnesses and therefore missed part of the early school education. Because of this, the young Aaron was considered stupid for a while, which he himself had temporarily taken over.

He studied at Brown University until 1942 and then moved to Yale University , where he received his doctorate in psychiatry in 1946 . He completed a psychoanalytic training at the Philadelphia Psychoanalytic Institute in 1958. One of the earliest publications dates back to 1953, from Beck's employment as a psychiatrist in the US Army. He examined 5 soldiers who developed psychotic depressive symptoms after accidentally shooting comrades in Korea. Some of the terms Beck used in the article, such as “unconscious hostility” or “defense mechanisms”, still give an idea of ​​his experiences with psychoanalytic models of thought. In 1954 Beck became a lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania Medical School, where he worked for more than 40 years. In the following time he developed a skeptical attitude towards psychoanalysis. In 1959 he was already an associate professor and tried skeptically on the basis of dreams to check whether depressed patients actually had the need to suffer, as assumed in the psychoanalytic concept. The result caused him to turn away from psychoanalysis.

As an alternative, he created the model of cognitive behavioral therapy, which is based on the cognitive theory of depression , primarily on the observation that depressed people exhibit certain stereotypical patterns of perception and reasoning that cloud their view of reality and turn them into self-rejection and pessimism hold captive. Beck himself places the origins of his ideas in the period between 1960 and 1964.

During the Korean War , he worked at Valley Forge Hospital. In 1976/1977 he was President of the Society for Psychotherapy Research . Beck received a Heinz Award in 2001, the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research in 2006, the Pasarow Award in 2007 , the Anna Monika Prize in 2008 and the Prince Mahidol Prize in 2011 . He has also been a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2007 . He is currently Professor Emeritus at the University of Pennsylvania Institute of Psychopathology . His research areas are in the areas of psychotherapy , psychopathology , suicide research and the development of diagnostic procedures .

Beck's daughter Judith S. Beck, a psychologist, also published books on cognitive behavioral therapy.

Questionnaires

The questionnaires he developed are:

Publications (selection)

  • Depression. Causes and treatment . University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia 1967, ISBN 0-8122-1032-8 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with A. John Rush, Brian F. Shaw, Gary Emery: Cognitive Therapy of Depression . The Guilford Press, New York 1979, ISBN 0-89862-919-5 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • German: Cognitive therapy of depression . Beltz, Weinheim, Basel 1999, ISBN 3-407-22023-5 .
  • Love is Never Enough: How Couples Can Overcome Misunderstandings, Resolve Conflicts, and Solve Relationship Problems Through Cognitive Therapy . Harper & Row, New York 1988, ISBN 0-06-015956-1 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Arthur Freeman: Cognitive Therapy of Personality Disorders . The Guilford Press, New York 1990, ISBN 0-89862-434-7 .
  • German: Cognitive therapy of personality disorders . 2nd Edition. Beltz, Weinheim 1993.
  • Prisoners of Hate: The Cognitive Basis of Anger, Hostility, and Violence . Perennial (HarperCollins), New York 1999, ISBN 0-06-093200-7 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Arthur Freeman, Denise D. Davis: Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders . 2nd Edition. The Guilford Press, New York, London 2004, ISBN 1-57230-856-7 ( limited preview in Google Book Search - first edition: 1976).
  • with Gary Emery, Ruth Greenberg: Anxiety disorders and phobias: A cognitive perspective . Basic Books (Perseus Books Group), Cambridge, MA 1985, ISBN 0-465-00587-X ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Brad A. Alford: The Integrative Power of Cognitive Therapy . The Guilford Press, New York, London 1997, ISBN 1-57230-171-6 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with David A. Clark, Brad A. Alford: Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression . John Wiley & Sons, New York a. a. 1999, ISBN 0-471-18970-7 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Carrie Winterowd, Daniel Gruener: Cognitive Therapy with Chronic Pain Patients . Springer, New York 2003, ISBN 0-8261-4595-7 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Neil A. Rector, Neal Stolar, Paul Grant: Schizophrenia. Cognitive Theory, Research, and Therapy . The Guilford Press, New York, London 2009, ISBN 978-1-60623-018-3 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with David A. Clark: Cognitive Therapy of Anxiety Disorders: Science and Practice . The Guilford Press, New York, London 2010, ISBN 978-1-60623-434-1 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with David A. Clark: The Anxiety and Worry Workbook: The Cognitive Behavioral Solution . The Guilford Press, New York, London 2012, ISBN 978-1-60623-918-6 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  • with Amy Wenzel, Bruce S. Liese, Dara G. Friedman-Wheeler: Group Cognitive Therapy for Addictions . The Guilford Press, New York, London 2012, ISBN 978-1-4625-0549-4 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

literature

  • Marjorie E. Weishaar: Aaron T. Beck . Sage, London; Thousand Oaks, CA 1993, ISBN 0-8039-8565-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Frank Wills: Cognitive therapy according to Aaron T. Beck. Therapeutic skills compact . 2014, ISBN 978-3-95571-133-7 , pp. 11–18 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
  2. ↑ a b Gerhard Stumm, Alfred Pritz, Paul Gumhalter, Nora Nemeskeri, Martin Voracek: Personal Lexicon of Psychotherapy . Springer-Verlag, 2006, ISBN 3-211-29396-5 , pp. 35–36 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. ^ Psychotherapyresearch.org Retrieved September 11, 2010.
personal data
SURNAME Beck, Aaron T.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Beck, Aaron Temkin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychiatrist and psychotherapist
DATE OF BIRTH July 18, 1921
PLACE OF BIRTH Providence , Rhode Island