Ackerhof 2

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Photo taken in September 2019. The building complex, which has been vacant since the end of 2013, is falling into disrepair.

The Ackerhof 2 ( Insurance number 2286) is a half-timbered building in Magniviertel of Braunschweig and carries on a plain bars on the north side of the figure "Anno d [omi] ni m cccc xxxii" (1432) , which is the oldest by an inscription dated timbered building City makes. On the basis of detailed building history studies, the building historian Elmar Arnhold came to the assumption in his report in 2004 that it could even be the oldest half-timbered house in Germany , dated by an inscription .

history

2011: Damaged, incorrectly painted over and partially covered by a rain pipe, the year "Anno d [omi] ni m cccc xxxii" (= 1432 ) on the north side

The eaves side of the half-timbered building faces the west side of the Ackerhof , a small square in the Magniviertel, which in the late Middle Ages had an important distribution function for the traffic and trade flows in the city.

In the house book of the city of Braunschweig it is recorded for 1432 that it is “Borchard Smedes hus”. The name of the owner suggests that there was a forge in the house . In the course of the centuries, the building, which was originally not built with a basement, has undergone major structural changes: since 1872, different shops have alternated on the ground floor; A pet shop has been operating in this for several decades.

On the north side is the now heavily damaged and, in the recent past, incorrectly painted over and partly covered by a rain pipe, the year 1432 . In Braunschweig house inscriptions are first recorded for the year 1432 on this building, furthermore from the year 1435 for the house "An der Alten Waage" 2 and for 1444 for the building " Güldenstraße " 2. The oldest still preserved, but not through A half-timbered house in Braunschweig with a dated building inscription is the building "Spohrplatz" 7, the birthplace of the musician Louis Spohr . The core of the building dates from 1357.

Today, the “Ackerhof 2” building ensemble , including the front building, comprises a total of six different building units, the façades of which point on the one hand to Ölschlägern street and on the other to Langedammstraße. Specifically, these are the buildings at Ölschlägern 9 and 10 and Langedammstrasse 11, 12 and 13. They date from 1517, 1645, 1647, 1740 and the 19th century and form an exemplary cross-section of the half-timbered architecture in the city over the past 600 years.

An extensive historical study of the ensemble carried out in 2004 showed that the building in its current state has been significantly changed, but that its structural core actually dates from 1432. Among other things, the built-in wood was dendrochronologically examined to determine its age .

architecture

Assumed structural condition of the front building and the extension on Langedammstrasse around 1432 (attempted reconstruction based on the historical research results from 2004).
Around 1905: There are two shops on the ground floor. The original building entrance is still in the middle of the east facade.

As is usual with Braunschweig half-timbered buildings, the almost square, two-storey house with the eaves side about eleven meters long faces the street, in this case the Ackerhof. The long side adjoining the next building measures approx. 12.5 m. The gable sides measure about eight meters each. On the eaves side you can see ten post axes or nine compartments , on the gable sides seven post axes with intervals of approx. 1.2 m to 1.4 m. The upper floor with its approximately 30 cm thick oak beams forming the floor, running in an east-west direction, protrudes 50 cm over the ground floor onto the farmyard. This cantilevered upper floor was most likely used as storage . The corresponding cable winches, goods lifts and loading hatches are no longer available, but could be reconstructed (s. To the attempted reconstruction shown for the year 1432). The front of the dwarf house , which probably dates from the 17th, possibly even the 16th century, also points to the Ackerhof.

The house was badly damaged in a fire in 1774, but its structural core structure was retained. According to Arnhold, the roof construction, the position of the beams and parts of the rear wall and south side are original from the late Middle Ages. The rear wall, which is no longer freely visible today due to the connection buildings built later, was constructed using a post construction, while both gable sides and the side facing the farm are built using storeys .

Construction plans from 1872 still show the old baroque east facade of the house, before the ground floor was rebuilt in the same year to make space for a first shop (a butcher's shop ) in the southern part. During this renovation, the storey was raised at the same time so that a cellar with a Prussian cap ceiling could be placed under it. In the course of these changes, the adjacent buildings were raised to the same level and also built with a basement. The original building entrance, which was located in the middle on the side facing the Ackerhof, was initially retained. The shop had three shop windows . In 1882 the north half of the east facade was also converted into a shop, whereby the design, including the windows, was adapted to that of the first shop. In 1900 the southern shop was redesigned by turning the three individual windows into a single large shop window (see photo from around 1905). Some of the Delft tiles from the slaughterhouse are still preserved on the inside of the southern wall of the building . As a result of further renovation measures since the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the baroque building structures on the ground floor have completely disappeared. Since 1872 different shops have alternated. The division into two separate shops is documented until 1939. In a building survey from 1968, however, the situation that still exists today (2012) is shown with only one shop left, which resulted from the merging of the two small ones. When exactly this happened, whether in the 1950s or 1960s, can no longer be traced today.

meaning

In their standard work, Die Bau- und Kunstdenkmäler der Stadt Braunschweig , published in 1906, Paul Jonas Meier , then director of the Ducal Museum Braunschweig and Karl Steinacker , then director of the Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum , described the Ackerhof 2 building as having the “oldest surviving or at least visible dating ”in Braunschweig.

The building historian Elmar Arnhold came to the verdict after detailed investigations in 2004: "As far as I know, it is the oldest half-timbered building in northern Germany, possibly even in the whole of Germany."

State 2011

  • 2011: East and north side (Langedammstraße) of the Ackerhof 2 ensemble

  • 2011: North side of the Ackerhof 2 ensemble (from Langedammstraße)

  • 2011: Building between Ackerhof 2 and Langedammstraße 11

  • 2010: Facade detail of the building between Ackerhof 2 and Langedammstraße 11

  • 2011: Langedammstraße 11, former flower shop

  • 2011: East and south side (oil rackets) of the Ackerhof 2 ensemble

  • 2011: South facade of Ackerhof 2

  • 2010: Detail of the south facade of Ackerhof 2

  • 2011: South side (from Ölschlägern) of the Ackerhof 2 ensemble

  • 2011: Building right next to Ackerhof 2, Ölschlägern

  • 2010: facade detail

  • 2010: Former shoe shop

literature

  • Elmar Arnhold, Sándor Kotyrba: Half-timbered architecture in Braunschweig. Braunschweig 2009, ISBN 978-3-942712-04-0 .
  • City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, Schmidt S&P architects' office: Braunschweig, Ackerhof 2. Architectural historical study. (Excerpt) Braunschweig 2004.
  • Rudolf Fricke : The community center in Braunschweig. In: Das deutsche Bürgerhaus , Volume 20. Ernst Wasmuth, Tübingen 1975, ISBN 3-8030-0022-X .
  • Jürgen Hodemacher : Braunschweig's streets, their names and their stories. Volume 1: Inner City. Cremlingen 1995, ISBN 3-92706-011-9 .
  • Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany , architectural monuments in Lower Saxony, Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig, Part 1. Hameln 1993, ISBN 3-87585-252-4 .
  • Heinrich Meier : The street names of the city of Braunschweig. In: Sources and research on Brunswick history. Volume 1, Wolfenbüttel 1904.
  • Paul Jonas Meier , Karl Steinacker : The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig. 2nd, expanded edition, Braunschweig 1926.
  • Robert Slawski: Braunschweiger Fachwerk. Look to the 16th century. A city tour. Braunschweig 1988, ISBN 3-920740-05-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Paul Jonas Meier and Karl Steinacker: The architectural and art monuments of the city of Braunschweig , 2. Erw. Edition, Braunschweig 1926, p. 80
  2. ↑ a b c d e City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, Architekturbüro Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building History Investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 2
  3. ↑ a b c Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Lower Saxony , Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig , Part 1, p. 138
  4. ↑ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 12
  5. ↑ Andrea Boockmann: DI 35 No. 104 . urn : nbn: de: 0238-di035g005k0010408 ( inschriften.net ).
  6. ^ Wilhelm Hansen, Herbert Kreft: Fachwerk im Weserraum , Niemeyer 1980, p. 141
  7. ↑ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 3.
  8. ↑ Elmar Arnhold & Sándor Kotyrba: Half-timbered architecture in Braunschweig , p. 17
  9. ↑ a b City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 11
  10. ↑ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 7
  11. ^ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 9
  12. ^ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 20
  13. ↑ While Kimpflinger assumed in 1993 that the house was "destroyed" and then "rebuilt", Arnhold proved in 2004 that "... in the structure of the front building, essential elements of the late medieval half-timbered building from the 15th century have been preserved ...". (cf. Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany, Architectural Monuments in Lower Saxony, Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig, Part 1. Hameln 1993, p. 5.)
  14. ↑ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 5
  15. ↑ City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 23
  16. ↑ a b City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 25
  17. ↑ Wolfgang Kimpflinger: Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Monuments in Lower Saxony , Volume 1.1 .: City of Braunschweig , Part 1, p. 139
  18. ↑ a b City of Braunschweig, Elmar Arnhold, architects' office Schmidt S&P: Braunschweig - Ackerhof 2: Building historical investigation (excerpt), Braunschweig 2004, p. 26

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 43.1 ″  N , 10 ° 31 ′ 43 ″  E