Ado Vabbe

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Konrad Mägi. Portrait of Ado Vabbe, 1918

Ado Vabbe (actually Adolf , * March 7th July / March 19,  1892 greg. In Tapa ; † April 20, 1961 in Tartu ) was an Estonian painter , graphic artist and art teacher .

Life

Vabbe graduated from high school in Narva in 1909 and then worked in a carpet factory in Riga . From 1911 to 1913 he studied in Munich with Felix Eisengräber at the art school founded by Anton Ažbe . In 1914 he traveled to Italy and spent most of the First World War in a factory in Moscow. In 1917 he returned to Estonia and was initially a drawing teacher, a. a. 1918–1919 at the Jakob-Westholm-Gymnasium.

In 1918 he was one of the founding members of the Pallas Artists' Association , and from 1919 he worked for over two decades at the Pallas Art School , from 1925 to 1929 as its director. In the years after Estonia's Sovietization in 1940 and during the German occupation of Estonia in World War II , he worked at various art schools (which changed names several times as a result of political events). In 1950 he was dismissed, however, and only after Stalin's death was he able to work again in his profession, from 1953 to 1956 he ran a studio for experimental graphics in Tallinn .

plant

While elements of Art Nouveau can still be discerned in Vabbe's early work , his stays abroad quickly led to a reorientation. In Munich he met Wassily Kandinsky , who later had a lasting influence on his work. From now on he painted more abstractly, more and more elements of Expressionism and Futurism can be recognized, later also those of New Objectivity . He also worked as an illustrator and graphic designer for numerous books, including a. the Siuru grouping.

Through his stays in the centers of avant-garde - in Munich, he was in contact with the Blue Rider , in Moscow with the Cubo-Futurism - Vabbe became "the most radical innovators of Estonian art."

literature

  • Eha Komissarov: Avangardistlik narratiiv Ado Vabbe loomingus 1913–1925 , in: Eesti kunsti ajalugu. History of Estonian Art. 5. 1900–1940. Tallinn: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia 2010, pp. 217–237 (with numerous reproductions).
  • Konrad Maier: The fine arts in Estonia since the 19th century. Between dictatorship and freedom? , in: Different inputs - same output? Autonomy and dependence of the arts under different social-economic conditions: the Estonian example. Edited by Cornelius Hasselblatt . Maastricht: Shaker 2006, pp. 89–114 (contains a colored plate by Vabbe on p. 105).
  • Tiina Nurk: Kõrgem kunstikool Pallas 1919–1940. Täiendatud ja parandatud väljaanne. [Tallinn:] Tänapäev 2004. 294 p. + 61 plates.
  • Reet Varblane: Avangardism ja traditsionaalsus Ado Vabbe loomingus , in: Looming 10/1994, pp. 1403-1419.

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eesti kunsti ja arhitektuuri biograafiline leksikon. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus 1996, pp. 557-558.
  2. ↑ Reet Varblane: Avangardism ja traditsionaalsus Ado Vabbe loomingus, in: Looming 10/1994, p. 1407.
  3. ↑ Sirje Helme: Eesti kunsti 100 aastat. Tallinn: AS Eesti Meedia, Post Factum 2018, p. 18.
  4. ↑ Eesti kunsti ja arhitektuuri biograafiline leksikon. Tallinn: Eesti Entsüklopeediakirjastus 1996, p. 557.
personal data
SURNAME Vabbe, Ado
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Vabbe, Adolf (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Estonian painter, graphic artist and art educator
DATE OF BIRTH March 19, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Tapa
DATE OF DEATH April 20, 1961
Place of death Tartu