Adolf Schram

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Adolf Schram (born September 23, 1848 in Falkenau , Bohemia , † April 26, 1927 in Prague , Czechoslovakia ) was an Austrian and Czechoslovak chemical entrepreneur, owner of the company “A. Schram ”and association official.

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Adolf Schram was a son of the Falkenau merchant Adalbert Schram; his mother Anna, née Schmieger, came from a family of textile manufacturers in Zwodau . He grew up with several siblings, including the brothers August and Albin, and attended secondary school in Elbogen until 1866 . Schram studied chemistry at the Vienna University of Technology between 1866 and 1867 , and then continued his studies at the State Polytechnic Institute in Prague until 1869 . He then got a job at the chemical factory Adolf Jordan and Sons in Kralup on the Moldau .

His brother August had the company “A. Schram ”, which took over the general agency of Alfred Nobel & Co in Bohemia the following year . In 1870, "A. Schram ”in Zámky near Čimice, the first dynamite factory of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. Due to the increased need for fertilizers in agriculture, mainly due to the increasing sugar beet cultivation, a year later a nearly kilometer upstream in Lísek ( Lissek ) - today Bohnické údolí - at the mouth of the Bohnický potok, a fertilizer factory was built, in which the waste acids for the production of nitroglycerin for the first time Production of iron vitriol and superphosphate were used. This method soon became generally accepted in the manufacture of explosives. The waste nitric acid was converted into nitrogen fertilizers in a process similar to the Birkeland-Eyde process. Adolf Schram advised his brother on the establishment of the Lissek fertilizer factory.

In 1875 Adolf Schram joined his brother's company as a senior chemist and technical consultant. In 1877 “A. Schram ”in the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein in the Westerhese in the estate district Grünhof - next to the dynamite factory Krümmel - set up another artificial fertilizer factory. As in the Lissek factory, the company procured dynamite waste products as raw materials; Nitrite sulfuric acid was transported via a pipe from the dynamite factory to the fertilizer factory by means of compressed air, and it also processed sodium sulfate from the dynamite factory. In 1880 “A. Schram ”the artificial fertilizer factory Krümmel to the Dynamit Nobel AG. In the years 1883–1884, “A. Schram ”in Unter-Themaau in Lower Austria, another large sulfuric acid and artificial fertilizer factory. After his brother Albin left, Adolf Schram also took over the company's power of attorney in 1890 . After August Schram's death in 1892, Adolf Schram became sole owner of the company “A. Schram ". In 1897 “A. Schram ”on the initiators and founding members of the Austrian superphosphate cartel, which in 1907 was extended to the Hungarian half of the empire. In 1903 he had the sulfuric acid and superphosphate factory built in Prosmik near Lobositz ; thus he created one of the first large companies in the chemical industry in Bohemia. The Lissek fertilizer factory was shut down in 1915 as a result of the First World War .

Adolf Schram was active in numerous Bohemian and Austrian business associations. From 1878 he was a member and later President of the Austrian Society for the Promotion of the Chemical Industry. He was also u. a. President of Teerfarben & Nahrungsmittelhandels AG (Tefa), general agent of Dynamit Nobel AG in Vienna, Board of Directors of the Central Bank of the German Savings Banks in Prague, Vice President and President of the Pension Association of the German Savings Banks in Prague, Vice President of the large-scale wear and tear of monopoly explosives in Prague (Eruptiva) and member of the board of the German Prague Trade Council. At the German Technical University in Prague , he was active as examination commissioner for the chemical-technical subjects and later also worked as deputy chairman of the examination board in the department.

Because of his services in building a large company in the chemical industry, Adolf Schram was made an honorary citizen by the city of Falkenau in 1899. In 1909 he was awarded the Franz Joseph Order .

After Adolf Schram's death, his sons Adolf and Albin ran the company “A. Schram, továrna na umělá hnojiva a kyselinu sírovou, Praha “continued until the end of the 1930s. In 1945 the company was expropriated and nationalized. The company Lovochemie as, Lovosice, emerged from the Prosmik plant (and the Bohemian glossy fabric factory System Elberfeld , Lobositz) ; the Unterthemenau plant now operates as Fosfa as, Poštorná .

family

Adolf Schram was married to Emanuela Ferdinandi (1863–1926) since 1881. The couple had two sons and three daughters:

  • Elsa (1883–1942), ∞ with Otto Peterka (1876–1945)
  • Louise (1886–1945), ∞ with Karl Schreitter von Schwarzenfeld (1880–1968)
  • Adolf (* 1893)
  • Albin (* 1896)
  • Annie (* 1902), ∞ with Franz Xaver brooch

The writer Gertrude von Schwarzenfeld (actually Gertrude Schreitter von Schwarzenfeld , * 1906) was his granddaughter.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wolf-Rüdiger Busch: An accident seldom comes alone ... in A dream without end: Articles about the life and work of Alfred Bernhard Nobel from the 2001 anniversary year in Geesthacht . edited by William Boehart and Wolf-Rüdiger Busch, LIT Verlag Münster, 2004, p. 125
personal data
SURNAME Schram, Adolf
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian and Czechoslovak chemical entrepreneur, owner of the company “A. Schram ”and association official
DATE OF BIRTH September 23, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Falkenau
DATE OF DEATH April 26, 1927
Place of death Prague