Svatava
| Svatava | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Karlovarský kraj | ||||
| District : | Sokolov | ||||
| Area : | 1158.7794 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 12 ' N , 12 ° 37' E | ||||
| Height: | 407 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 1,663 (Jan 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 357 03 | ||||
| License plate : | K | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Sokolov - Habartov | ||||
| Railway connection: | Sokolov – Klingenthal | ||||
| Next international airport : | Karlovy Vary Airport | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | Městys | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Olga Gossová (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | ČSA 277 357 03 Svatava |
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| Municipality number: | 538434 | ||||
| Website : | www.kr-karlovarsky.cz/svatava | ||||
| Location of Svatava in the Sokolov district | |||||
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Svatava (German Zwodau ) is a Městys in the Czech Republic . It is located two kilometers northwest of Sokolov and belongs to the Okres Sokolov .
geography
Geographical location
Svatava is located south of the Ore Mountains in the Falkenauer Basin on the lower reaches of the Svatava River . The Svatavský vrch ( Steinberg , 508 m) rises to the northwest . Svatava is surrounded by heaps and remaining holes from lignite mining, in the west is the open pit Medard ( Medardi ).
Community structure
No districts are shown for Městys Svatava. Basic settlement units are Čistá ( Lauterbach ), Podlesí and Svatava. The settlement Davidov ( Davidsthal ) and the desert Lísková ( Haselbach ) also belong to Svatava .
The municipality is divided into the cadastral districts of Čistá u Svatavy and Svatava.
Neighboring communities
Neighboring towns are Podlesí and Lomnice in the north, Královské Poříčí and Jehličná in the east, Sokolov in the south-east, Dolní Rychnov and Citice in the south, Bukovany in the south-west, Habartov in the west and Davidov in the north-west.
The surrounding villages of Čistá ( Lauterbach ), Lvov ( Löwenhof ) and Lísková ( Haselbach ) fell victim to lignite mining.
history
The place was first mentioned in 1391 in a document from King Wenceslas in connection with a post road leading through the place. Under the Schlicken , Zwodau was attached to the Falkenau rule in 1553 . After the Battle of the White Mountain in 1622, the Lords of Nostitz became the owners of the place. In 1633 a plague epidemic broke out. In the final years of the Thirty Years War, the Swedes devastated the area between 1643 and 1644. The residents of Zwodau lived from rafting and growing hops. Since the discovery of coal deposits, the first coal shafts were built in the 18th century. In 1751 a post office was set up in Zwodau. In 1845 the place was devastated by a flood of the Zwodau. Johann David Starck began with the systematic use of coal. He had the Starck colony built as a housing estate for his miners.
After the abolition of patrimonial Zwodau formed from 1850 with the districts Haselbach, Lanz and Lauterbach a municipality in the district of Falkenau / Falknov. Around 1850 the Kaiserstrasse was built from Prague via Karlsbad and Zwodau to Eger . Zwodau was raised to a market town in 1903 and was given the right to use a coat of arms.
In 1908, the collections for the construction of their own church began in Zwodau. This was built after the First World War and consecrated in 1924 by Prague Auxiliary Bishop Glosauer. In 1926, with the support of Pope Pius XI. a rectory can also be built. In 1930 the Zwodau market had 4411 mainly German-speaking residents, in 1939 there were only 4112 after the annexation to the German Empire.
After the Munich Agreement in 1938, Zwodau was incorporated into the German Reich and until 1945 belonged to the Falkenau district . In 1943, a women's concentration camp was set up in Zwodau as a satellite camp of the Ravensbrück concentration camp . From September 1944 the camp was subordinate to the Flossenbürg concentration camp ; 745 Jewish women were used there for forced labor. In May 1945 the American 1st Infantry Division liberated the concentration camp .
After the end of the Second World War, the place came back to Czechoslovakia and the expulsion of the Germans began . In 1948 the place was named Svatava; During this time, the status as a minority city was lost. In 1976 it was incorporated into Sokolov, and since 1991 the municipality of Svatava has existed again.
During the communist rule the church deteriorated. It is to be reconstructed with the help of donations for the hundredth anniversary of the fair. Since March 11, 2008 Svatava has again the status of Městys.
coat of arms
Description: The coat of arms is divided by a wave cut and split in red and green at the top. On the gap lies a golden lily with no leaflets, which instead ends in a white rose studded with gold with two gold leaves . In the lower silver field , hammer and mallet are crossed in black.
Culture and sights
- Church of the Immaculate Conception of the Virgin Mary, consecrated in 1924 by Prague Auxiliary Bishop Glosauer
- Robbers cave on Svatavský vrch in the Zwodau valley
- Memorial stone for the Zwodau concentration camp (subcamp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp )
- Watermill on the Zwodau
- post Office
- Starck and Schmiegersiedlung
- Statue of St. Florian
Sons and daughters of the place
- Maria Günzl (1896–1983), German politician
- Ernst Mosch (1925–1999), German conductor and wind musician
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/538434/Svatava
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi-obec/538434/Obec-Svatava
- ^ Rudolf M. Wlaschek: Jews in Böhmen . Munich: Oldenbourg, 1990, p. 153
- ^ Website of the Zwodau subcamp memorial site (Svatava). https://www.gedenkstaette-flossenbuerg.de/geschichte/aussenlager/aussenlager/zwodau-svatava/ Retrieved on November 20, 2018.