Adolfo Lutz
Adolfo Lutz , also Adolpho Lutz , (born October 6, 1855 in Rio de Janeiro ; † December 18, 1940 ibid) was a Brazilian doctor ( epidemiology , tropical medicine ), zoologist and pioneer of bacteriology in Brazil.
Life
His parents Gustav Lutz and Mathilde Oberteuffer came from Bern , where Lutz first studied medicine, graduating in 1879, before studying experimental medicine with Joseph Lister in London, Leipzig, Vienna, Prague and Paris (with Louis Pasteur ). In 1881 he returned to Brazil and worked at a clinic in Limeira in the state of São Paulo . Since he wanted to work in research, he went to Hamburg in 1887, where he studied with the dermatologist Paul Gerson Unna and specialized in infectious diseases and tropical medicine. He was then director of the Kalihi Hospital in Honolulu, where he dealt with leprosy, married, spent six months in San Francisco and returned to São Paulo in 1892, where he headed the state's Bacteriological Institute (now called Instituto Adolfo Lutz after him ). The first director, a Frenchman, had recently resigned when an employee died of yellow fever. With two other doctors later known in Brazil, Emilio Ribas (1862-1925) and Vital Brazil (1865-1950), he fought an outbreak of bubonic plague in Santos . Ribas became head of the Sao Paulo Health Authority in 1898 and one of the founders of the Butantane Institute for Serum Development, where Vital Brazil also worked and became a specialist in serums against snake bites. Lutz worked closely with both of them. In 1908 Lutz retired and continued research at the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz in Rio de Janeiro (founded by Oswaldo Cruz ), where he was head of medical zoology.
Immediately after Walter Reed found the yellow fever pathogen, he examined the transmission routes via Aedes aegypti and identified South American blastomycosis , caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (also known as Lutz-Splendore-de-Almeida disease). Lutz traveled a lot - even to remote areas of Brazil (on the São Francisco River and Paraná ) - to combat infectious and tropical diseases such as bubonic plague, smallpox, typhus, cholera, malaria, hookworms (ankylostomiasis), schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis . He was also one of the pioneers in the use of native plants for medicine ( ethnopharmacology ), creating a herbarium of 3000 plants and as a zoologist described some new species of amphibians and insects.
In Honolulu he met the English nurse Amy Chesshyre Fowler and married her. His daughter Bertha Lutz (1894–1976) was a herpetologist , politician and feminist.
Honors
In 1926 he was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina .
Fonts
- Contributions to the knowledge of the Brazilian tabanids , Rev. Soc. Sci. Sao Paulo, Volume 1, 1905, pp. 19-32
literature
- H. Aragão: Adolpho Lutz (1855-1940) , Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 55, 1956, pp. 447-487
- MM Metcalf: Adolpho Lutz: A Leader in South American Medicine and Biology , The Scientific Monthly, 22, 1926, pp. 112-114
- HW Stunkard: Adolpho Lutz (1855-1940) , The Journal of Parasitology, 27, 1941, pp. 469-471.
- LH: From Bernese boy to world-famous researcher. In: The Bern Week in Words and Images , Vol. 27, 1937, pp. 846–847. ( e-periodica )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Member entry of Adolph Lutz at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on November 26, 2015.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Lutz, Adolfo |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Lutz, Adolpho |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Brazilian medic, botanist and zoologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 6, 1855 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rio de Janeiro |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 18, 1940 |
| Place of death | Rio de Janeiro |