Oswaldo Cruz
Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz (born August 5, 1872 in São Luiz do Paraitinga / today in São Paulo (state) ; † February 11, 1917 in Petrópolis / today in Rio de Janeiro (state) ) was a Brazilian doctor , bacteriologist , hygienist , epidemiologist and officials of the public health .
Cruz was influenced by Louis Pasteur and is considered to be the pioneer of tropical disease research in Brazil . In 1900 he founded the Instituto Seroterápico Nacional in the Manguinhos district of Rio de Janeiro; the institute was later renamed Fundação Oswaldo Cruz and is internationally known. Cruz ran successful campaigns against bubonic plague , yellow fever , smallpox and malaria . He also went on risky trips to the Amazon. His student Carlos Chagas discovered the causative agent of Chagas disease and named it after his teacher Cruz ( Trypanosoma cruzi ).
Cruz was a member of the Academia Brasileira de Letras and occupied its fifth cadeira from 1912 until his death in 1917.
A district in Rio de Janeiro and a street in the 16th arrondissement of Paris are named after him. It adorned the 50 Cruzeiro note from 1986 (until around 1988) and a 400 Réis coin. Furthermore, a hospital ship of the Brazilian Navy , the NAsH Oswaldo Cruz (U-18), is named after him.
The nurse Josephina de Mello (1920–1995) received the “Merito Oswaldo Cruz” award in 1978 at the suggestion of the Brazilian Minister of Health Almeido Machado for her services to nursing in the Amazon. De Mello had previously had a number of nursing concerns from Oswaldo Cruz in the Amazon the deed implemented. This included the health education of the indigenous population, the care of pregnant women and newborn babies, the control of communicable tropical diseases and the keeping of biostatistics.
literature
- Moacyr Scliar : Oswaldo Cruz & Carlos Chagas : o nascimento da ciência no Brasil . Odysseus, São Paulo 2002, ISBN 978-85-88023-24-6 .
- Henrique Cukierman: Yes, nós temos Pasteur: Manguinhos, Oswaldo Cruz ea história da ciência no Brasil . Relume Dumará / FAPESP, Rio de Janeiro 2007, ISBN 978-85-7316-536-4 .
- Wolfgang U. Eckart : Cruz, Oswaldo Gonçalves. In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil , Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , p. 278 f.
Web links
- Literature by and about Oswaldo Cruz in the catalog of the Ibero-American Institute of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin
- Literature by and about Oswaldo Cruz in the bibliographic database WorldCat
- Literature by and about Oswaldo Cruz in the SUDOC catalog (Association of French University Libraries)
Individual evidence
- ^ Wolfgang U. Eckart : Oswaldo Goncalves Cruz, in: Wolfgang U. Eckart and Christoph Gradmann : Ärztelexikon. From antiquity to the present, 1st edition 1995 CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Munich, 2nd edition 2001, 3rd edition 2006, Springer Verlag Heidelberg, Berlin, New York. Medical glossary 2006
- ↑ Illustration of the Brazilian 50 Cruzeiro banknote from 1986
- ↑ Souza Campos, Paulo Fernando de, Taka Oguisso: Exclusión de mujeres negras. Su Representación en la Enfermeria Profesional , in: Revista Index de Enfermeria, Vol. 55, Granada 2006, pp. 27-31.
- ↑ Lopes, ND, Silva, MS: Os Diretores da Escola de Enfermagem de Manaus 1949-2007 , História da Enfermagem Revista Electrônica HERE, Vol. 1, 2010, pp. 138-149.
- ↑ Taka Oguisso, Lily Löw and Genival Fernandes de Freitas: Josephina de Mello (1920–1995) , in: Hubert Kolling (Ed.): Biographical Lexicon for Nursing History “Who was who in nursing history”, Volume 8; hpsmedia Nidda 2018, pp. 184–187.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Cruz, Oswaldo |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Cruz, Oswaldo Gonçalves |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Brazilian medic and civil servant |
| DATE OF BIRTH | August 5, 1872 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | São Luiz do Paraitinga |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 11, 1917 |
| Place of death | Petrópolis |