Ahl-i Hadith

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The Ahl-i Hadīth ( Persian اهل حدیث) or Ahl-e Hadith ( Urdu اہل حدیث 'People of Tradition' ) are an Islamic reform movement. This movement was founded in 1864 by Siddîq Hasan Khân (1832–1890) in colonial India. The choice of name ties in with a group from the 2nd century Hijra. In addition to the Koran, the hadiths are the most important source for religious interpretation. Today the group is mainly active in Pakistan, Afghanistan, India but also in other Arab and East African countries.

to teach

They reject the four law schools of Sunni Islam . They reject the worship of saints ( Walis ), grave cults ( Ziyāra ) and spoken or silent remembrance of God ( Dhikr ) of the Sufis , popular forms of expression of Islamic religiosity in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh . For this reason, the Ahl-i Hadîth were referred to as Wahhabis by their Islamic opponents and the British colonial rulers . A systematic cooperation did not come about until after 1924, before that many leading Ahl-i Hadîth denied any closeness to the Wahhâbites. A prominent opponent of the Ahl-i Hadīth in Bengal was Muhammad Naimuddin (1832-1908).

distribution

The regional focus of the Ahl-i Hadîth was initially the east of the Ganges plain ( Bengal , Bihar and the Benares area ) and Delhi . From around 1860 the Punjab , especially Amritsar , was added as a further focus. The Ahl-i Hadîth from the eastern part of this province fled like the other Muslims to Pakistan in 1947 , where Faisalabad and Gujranwala developed into new strongholds. The school of thought is also strongly represented in the Baltistan region in the Hindu Kush.

In the centers of South Asian, especially Pakistani, immigration to Great Britain , some Ahl-i Hadîth communities have sprung up in recent decades. The center of their organization is in the Green Lane Mosque in Birmingham .

Important representatives

  • Nazîr Husain Dihlawi (1805-1902)
  • Siddîq Hasan Khân (1832–1890)
  • Abdullâh Ghaznawî († 1881)
  • Muhammad Husain Batâlwî († 1920)
  • Sanâ'ullâh Amritsarî (1868–1948)
  • Ihsân Ilâhî Zahîr (1946–1987)

literature

  • Claudia Preckel: Islamic educational networks and scholarly culture in India in the 19th century: Muḥammad Ṣiddīq Ḥasan Ḫān (d. 1890) and the emergence of the Ahl-e ḥadīṯ movement in Bhopal . Bochum, Univ., Diss., 2005. Digital copy (PDF)
  • Martin Riexinger: Sanāʾullāh Amritsarī (1868–1948) and the Ahl-i Ḥadīs in the Punjab under British rule. Ergon-Verlag, Würzburg, 2004, ISBN 3-89913-374-9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Dietrich Reetz: Knowledgeable and relentless: The Sunni radicalism of the Al-i Hadith in South Asia . In: Dietrich Reetz (ed.): Consciousness of mission or self-interest: On motivation and self-understanding of Islamic mobilization . The Arabic Book, Berlin 2001, p. 79-105 .
  2. ↑ Sufia M. Uddin: Constructing Bangladesh. Religion, Ethnicity, and Language in an Islamic Nation. Chapel Hill, 2006.