Ahmad Moftizadeh

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Ellameh Ahmad Moftizadeh, 1970

Ellameh Ahmad Moftizadeh or Achmed Mofti Zadeh (* 1933 in Sanandadsch , Iran ; † 1993 in Tehran , Iran; Kurdish ئه حمدی موفتی زاده Kak Ahmed Moftizadeh , Persian مہ احمد مفتی زاده) was a Kurdish politician and political scientist as well as a representative of the Sunni-Kurdish minority in the Iranian province of Kurdistan . He became known for his leading role in negotiations with the government after the Islamic Revolution , when the Kurdish minority hoped for a more independent status. The negotiations failed and the new rulers in Tehran had Moftizadeh and many of his supporters arrested. He died shortly after his release from prison in 1993 after enduring severe abuse and torture.

Beginnings

Moftizadeh was a Kurdish nationalist. He became known for his demands for an autonomous Kurdistan.

He was the son of a mufti from Kurdistan. First he studied at the University of Tehran . During his studies he was close to the Democratic Party of Kurdistan . After completing his studies in the 1960s, he deepened his theological knowledge in various religious centers such as Halabdscha , Biyareh and Chanaqin in Iraq , as religious education for Sunnis in Iran was subject to restrictions.

He began his professional activity as a Friday preacher in Sanandaj , preached against violence and persecution of his Kurdish compatriots and received increasing political support from his ever-growing audience. In 1976 he was arrested along with some supporters, but released a few months later.

Political leader during the Islamic Revolution 1979

Front row from left: Ahmad Moftizadeh †, Ayatollah Mahmud Taleghani †, Ayatollah Mohammad Beheschti †, Akbar Hāschemi Rafsanjāni .

When the political tensions in Iran increased in 1978, a group of Kurds gathered around Moftizadeh who demanded Kurdish autonomy within a democratic Iran. In the same year Moftizadeh founded the Maktabe Koran (German Koran school of thoughts) in Sanandaj. As the leader of the Kurdish section of the population of Sanandaj, he came into conflict with competing political movements, including communist and nationalist groups, which criticized him for his support for Islamic positions. Despite the political differences, contact with the communist and nationalist as well as the secular Democratic Party of Kurdistan-Iran remained . After numerous talks with Ayatollah Khomeini , he was quoted as saying that he had Khomeini's guarantee of Kurdish autonomy in his pocket. The new leaders of the Islamic Republic guaranteed him, among other things, a certain autonomy for the Kurds. In return, they demanded that he and his followers support the revolution.

Arrest and torture

Moftizadeh in hospital after his imprisonment shortly before his death in 1993

After the Islamic Revolution, Moftizadeh declared that his agreements with the new government would not be respected and would be completely ignored. Therefore he no longer supports the Islamic State. This in turn led to a military operation against the Iranian part of Kurdistan by the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Moftizadeh decided to withdraw from the advisory body. He gave up leadership over the Kurdish group he founded. In 1983 he was arrested on charges of violating Iran's national security and sentenced to ten years in prison. The indictment and the reasons for the verdict against him were not published. Governor (Persian: Ostāndār) of the central government in Kordestān , at that time still amalgamated with the Iranian province of West Azerbaijan , which is now separated , was Ali Reza Sheikh Attar , now Iran's ambassador to Germany; one of his advisors, the later Ostāndār of West Azerbaijan and even later Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadineschad .

Moftizadeh was brutally tortured in prison. He died in 1993, six months (three months according to other information) after his release. Friends said he had been broken almost all sorts of bones in prison. They blamed the Iranian government for these human rights violations.

After his death, some of his followers, including Sabhani Naser and Farough Farsad , were imprisoned and murdered. This was supposed to serve to suppress the Kurdish aspirations for autonomy as represented by Moftizadeh.

gallery

  • Moftizadeh in the 1950s

  • Moftizadeh in the 1970s

  • Moftizadeh's letter

  • Moftiazdeh on his way to a meeting

  • Moftizadeh in Hosseinie Ershad, Tehran

  • Moftizadeh after his release from prison in 1993

literature

  • Hans-Georg Ebert, Henner Fürtig , Hans-Georg Müller: The Islamic Republic of Iran . Akademie-Verlag Berlin 1987
  • Hans-Peter Drögemüller : Iranian diary. 5 years of revolution. Hamburg 1983. - ISBN 3-922611-51-6
  • Norbert Siegmund: The Mykonos Trial . A terrorist trial influenced by foreign policy and secret services. Germany's uncritical dialogue with Iran. LIT, Münster 2001, ISBN 3-8258-6135-X . The content of the publication was the subject of the disputation on October 20, 2000 as a dissertation under the title "The Mykonos Process in the Shadow of German Iran Policy" at the Department of Political and Social Sciences at the Free University of Berlin. The 175-page appendix contains numerous original documents as facsimile
  • Wahied Wahdat-Hagh : “The Islamic Republic of Iran. The rule of political Islam as a variety of totalitarianism ”, with a foreword by the peace researcher Prof. Dr. Ulrich Albrecht, LIT-Verlag, Münster, Hamburg, London, 2003, doctoral thesis for a doctorate at the Free University of Berlin

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hassanpour, Amir. "Book Reviews Kurdish Studies: Orientalist, Positivist, and Critical Approaches". Middle East Journal, 1993 Middle East Institute
  2. ↑ a b c Evidence about the widespread, planned and systematic violation of Human Rights in Iran ( Memento from March 9, 2012 in the Internet Archive ). Iranian Human Rights Activist Groups in EU and North America.
  3. ^ "Sunni Iranian Muslim Brethren Tortured and Oppressed by the Iranian Regime". Iranian Sunni League. November 28, 1997. He spent his life serving human & humanity. Ahmad Moftizadeh did not receive Nobel Pease prize but his name and his way always has been the cause of peace in the human hearts (references available in life of his clienteles). http://www.scribd.com/doc/22635628/Sunni-Iranian-Muslim-Brethren-Tortured-and-Oppressed-by-the-Iranian-Regime
  4. ↑ Nowicki, Goran. Republic of Kurdistan. Debating World Issues. PostGlobal. January 2008.
  5. ↑ a b c Iran after the victory of 1979's revolution . Iran Chamber Society.
  6. ↑ a b c Iran: Freedom of Expression and Association in the Kurdish Regions . Humand Rights Watch. January 9, 2009.
  7. ↑ Nowicki, Goran. Republic of Kurdistan. Debating World Issues. PostGlobal. January 2008.
  8. ↑ Nikou, Semira N. Timeline of Military and Security Events. United States Institute of Peace. The Iran Primer. http://iranprimer.usip.org/resource/timeline-military-and-security-events
  9. ^ GlobalSecurity.org : Military. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
  10. ^ Copithorne, Maurice. Helping To Make A Democratic Iran. 28 July 2000. Archive link ( Memento from 6 July 2011 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Moftizadeh, Ahmad
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mofti Zadeh, Achmed; Mofti Zadeh, Ahmed; Moftizadeh, Ellameh Ahmad; Moftizadeh, Kak Ahmed
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kurdish politician
DATE OF BIRTH 1933
PLACE OF BIRTH Sanandaj , Iran
DATE OF DEATH 1993
Place of death Tehran , Iran