Ala I Hispanorum Aravacorum

The inscription of Marcus Modestius Repentinus ( CIL 3, 5629 )

The military diploma of June 13, 80 AD ( CIL 16, 26 )

The Ala I Hispanorum Aravacorum ( German  1. Ala der Hispanier der Aravacer ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions. In the diplomas it is also referred to as Ala I Aravacorum , Ala I Aravacorum et Hispanorum, and Ala I Hispanorum et Aravacorum , while only Aravacorum is used in the inscriptions . In all the name variants, the form Arvacorum occurs instead of Aravacorum .

Name components

• Ala : The Ala was a cavalry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .

• I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Ala prima ...

• Hispanorum : the Hispanic.

• Aravacorum : the aravacer . The soldiers of the Ala were recruited from the various Hispanic tribes and in particular from the Aravacer people in the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis when the unit was established .

Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.

history

The Ala was stationed in the provinces of Illyricum and Pannonia (in that order). It is listed on military diplomas for the years AD 61 to 163.

The time at which the unit was set up is uncertain; possibly this already took place under Augustus , but at the latest under Tiberius (14–37). Presumably she was initially stationed in Hispania. At an unspecified time, the unit was relocated to the province of Illyricum . The first evidence of unity in Illyricum is based on a diploma dated 61. In the diploma, the Ala is listed as part of the troops stationed in the province.

The first evidence of unity in the province of Pannonia is based on a diploma dated 80. The diploma lists the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman Forces in Pannonia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated from 84 to 163, prove the unit in the same province (or from 112 in Pannonia superior ).

From two diplomas of 150 and 151 ( CIL 16, 99 , RMM 32 ) it emerges that the Ala (or a vexillation of the same) was temporarily moved from Pannonia superior to Mauretania Caesariensis to take part in the suppression of an uprising.

The last evidence of the Ala is based on the inscription ( AE 1956, 124 ), which is dated to 183/185.

Locations

Locations of the Ala in Pannonia may have been:

• Arrabona ( Győr ): The tombstone of Crispus Mac () was found here.
• Carnuntum : The inscription of Calvus was found here.
• Celamantia

Members of the Ala

The following members of the Ala are known:

Commanders

[] us Aemilian [us]: he is named on the diploma of 139 as a commander. C (aius) Iulius Ianua [rius], a prefect ( CIL 5, 4095 ); he was also prefect of the Ala I Hispanorum Auriana and the Ala I Pannoniorum . Lucius Aburnius Severus : he is mentioned as a commander on the diplomas of 145 and 146. Lucius Domitius Rogatus , a prefect

Marcus Antonius Pilatus : he is named on the diploma of 151 as a commander. Marcus Valerius Maximianus , a prefect P (ublius) Salvius []: he is named on the diploma of 138/140 as a commander. Tiberius Claudius Numidicus : he is named on the diploma of 112 as a commander.

Others

[] ius Ianu [arius], a Decurio : the diploma of 139 was issued to him. [C] alvus, a Sesquiplicarius ( AE 1978, 619 ) Crispus Mac (), a tab ( CIL 3, 4373 ) Dasens, a soldier: the diploma of 112 was issued to him. Ianuarius, a Decurion ( CIL 3, 4373 ) Niger Sve (l) trius, a horseman ( CIL 3, 3286 )

M (arcus) Modestius Repentinus, a veteran and former Decurio ( CIL 3, 5629 ) Octavius, a soldier: the diploma of 151 was issued to him. Titus Aelius Veranus , a veteran Viator, a soldier: the diploma of 146 was issued to him. Victor, a soldier: one of the diplomas of 150 ( CIL 16, 99 ) was issued to him.

See also

• List of Roman auxiliary units
• Roman forces in Pannonia

Web links

Commons : Ala I Hispanorum Aravacorum  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

1. ↑ ^{a b} The procurator Porcius Vetustinus has dismissed soldiers from units that had been relocated to Mauretania Caesariensis for some time to reinforce his troops from other provinces . Victor was among these honorable discharges .
2. ↑ ^{a b} According to Franziska Beutler, the [] ius Ianuarius named as recipient of the diploma of 139 and the Ianuarius named in the inscription ( CIL 3, 4373 ) are possibly identical.
3. ↑ John Spaul and Margaret M. Roxan assign Niger Sveltrius to Ala II Hispanorum Aravacorum . The reading of the inscription ( CIL 3, 3286 ) in the Clauss-Slaby epigraphy database is Ala I Aravacorum .

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 31-33.
2. ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, pp. 161–162 Tables 5–6 ( PDF pp. 163–164 ).
3. ↑ Military diplomas of the years 61 ( RMD 4, 202 ), 80 ( CIL 16, 26 ), 84 ( CIL 16, 30 ), 85 ( CIL 16, 31 ), 102 ( CIL 16, 47 ), 112 ( RMD 4, 223 ), 113 ( RMD 2, 86 ), 115 ( ZPE-180-287 ), 116 ( CIL 16, 64 ), 126 ( RMD 4, 236 ), 133 ( CIL 16, 76 ), 134 ( RMD 4, 250 ) , 138 ( CIL 16, 84 ), 138/140 ( AE 2013, 1246 ), 139 ( ZPE-172-271 ), 145 ( ZPE-152-254 ), 146 ( CIL 16, 178 ), 148 ( CIL 16, 96 ), 149 ( CIL 16, 97 ), 150 ( CIL 16, 99 , RMD 4, 273 ), 151 ( RMM 32 ), 154 ( CIL 16, 104 ), 155/156 ( RMD 5, 416 ), 159 ( AE 2004, 1904 , AE 2004, 1905 , RMD 5, 422 , ZPE-181-194 ), 161 ( RMD 5, 430 , RMD 5, 431 ) and 163 ( RMD 1, 62 ).
4. ↑ ^{a b} Margaret M. Roxan : The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 1. (PDF 23.5 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 81–92 (84–95) , accessed on June 17, 2018 (English). 
5. ↑ Barbara Pferdehirt : Roman military diplomas and dismissal certificates in the collection of the Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum. (=  Catalogs of prehistoric antiquities 37), 2 volumes, Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Mainz 2004, ISBN 3-88467-086-7 Volume 1, pp. 92–96.
6. ↑ Werner Eck , Andreas Pangerl, Paul Holder: A constitution from the year 152 or 153 for Lower Saxony and British troops, delegated to Mauretania Tingitana In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik (ZPE), Volume 199 (2016), pp. 187-201 , here pp. 190-191, 194 ( online ).
7. ↑ Margaret M. Roxan: The Auxilia of the Roman Army raised in the Iberian Peninsula Volume 2. (PDF 9.8 MB) discovery.ucl.ac.uk, 1973, pp. 611-615 (31-35) , accessed on March 11, 2018 (English). 
8. ^ ^{A b} Franziska Beutler: An Upper Pannonian military diploma from Carnuntum and the governor L. Sergius Paullus In: ZPE, Volume 172 (2010), pp. 271–276, here pp. 272–273 ( online ).
9. ↑ Franziska Beutler: An Upper Pannonian Military Diploma and a Happy Epigraphic Coincidence In: R. Breitwieser (Ed.), Calamus. Festschrift for Herbert Graßl on his 65th birthday (Philippika. Marburgs Altertumskundliche Abhandlungen 57), Wiesbaden, 2013, pp. 43–49, here pp. 43–46 ( online ).