Partia Fashiste e Shqipërisë
| Partia Fashiste e Shqipërisë | |
|---|---|
.svg)
|
|
| Party leader | Tefik Mborja |
| founding | June 2, 1939 |
| Place of foundation | Tirana |
| resolution |
July 27, 1943 (: Albanian National Socialist Party ) |
| Youth organization | Albanian Lictor Youth |
| newspaper | Tomori |
| Alignment |
Albanian nationalism Greater Albania Italian fascism |
| Colours) | Black red |
| Number of members | 13,500 (as of 1940) |
The Partia Fashiste e Shqipërisë ( Albanian for "Fascist Party of Albania"; acronym: PF or PFSh ) was a fascist party in Italian-occupied Albania in 1939/45 , which formally functioned as the ruling party. Afterwards Albania fell under German occupation, and the Albanian National Socialist Party took the place of the PFSh .
history
The PFSh was nothing more than an offshoot of the Italian Partito Nazionale Fascista , with the same statutes, its own paramilitary black shirts and Benito Mussolini as party leader. It was never a mass party ; membership in May 1940 was around 13,500; however, during the rule of the PFSh with the expansion of the state borders to today's Epirus and Kosovo, the vision of a Greater Albania was realized. The party was also anti - Semitic , Albanian Jews were forbidden from entering the party, which amounted to a partial professional ban (e.g. teaching). The later communist dictator Enver Hoxha also lost his job as a teacher after he refused to join the PFSh.
The party was founded by Tefik Mborja , an Albanian collaborator and personal friend of the Italian Foreign Minister Galeazzo Ciano . In the spring of 1943 the anti-monarchist nationalist Maliq Bej Bushati reorganized the PFSh into the " Guard of Greater Albania " and sought to distance Albania from Italy by removing the fascist symbols from the country's flag (two bundles of rods , one on each side of the Albanian eagle) and Albania Declared autonomous in many areas . However, the Italian surrender led to the occupation of Albania by the German armed forces , which fundamentally changed the political situation in the country.
After the German occupation, the head of the security police and SD Ernst Kaltenbrunner rebuilt the "Guard of Greater Albania" into the Albanian National Socialist Party, which then exercised the formal power of government in occupied Albania. The German influence on Albania was less strict than on other occupied territories; the Albanian puppet government largely renounced the systematic persecution and murder of Albanian Jews. Albanian volunteers formed an SS division, the infamous 21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS "Skanderbeg" .
After the fall of the Third Reich, Albania fell into civil war ; some former members of the Albanian National Socialist Party waged partisan warfare against the communists in Albania and Kosovo, where the last fighting did not end until 1951.
Leader of the Partia Fashiste e Shqipërisë
- 1939-1941: Tefik Mborja
- 1941-1943: Jup Kazazi
- 1943: Kol Bib Mirakaj
Leader of the Guard of Greater Albania
- 1943: Maliq Bej Bushati
- 1943: Eqrem Bej Libohova
Web links
- Bernd J. Fischer: The Jews of Albania during the Second World War and Zogist Periods (Engl.) ( Memento of 24 February 2012 at the Internet Archive )
- RESCUE IN ALBANIA (Engl.)