Aleuads
The Aleuads ( Greek Άλευάδαι Aleuádai ) were an aristocratic family from Thessaly in ancient Greece.
The Aleuads ruled Larissa and the area around the city. According to tradition by Aristotle and Plutarch , Aleuas the Red is said to have created the political and military order of the Thessalian League . In the period that followed, various representatives of the family held the upper federal office called tageia . According to Herodotus (7.6; 130; 9.58) representatives of the Aleuad family contacted Xerxes I to persuade him to invade Greece. During the Persian Wars , parts of the family fought on the side of the Persians.
Since 404 BC BC politics in Thessaly was determined by the dispute between the Aleuads and the rising tyrants of Pherai . During this dispute, too, the Aleuads sought outside help, initially from the Persians, and later from the Macedonians . Philip II attacked between 356 and 349 BC. Chr. Entered the conflict several times and finally defeated the Pheraic tyrants. As a result, however, he incorporated Thessaly into his domain. In gratitude for their support, several representatives of the Aleuads received the post of tetrarch . For a long time, Thessaly remained determined by the arbitrary rule of individual families.
family tree
| Aleuas I. the Red | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simos | Echekratides I. | Skopas I. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aleuas II | ? | Echekratia | Creon | Diaktorides | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Echekratrides II. | Dyseris | Skopas II. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| thorax | Eurypylos | Thrasydaios | Lattamyas | Antiochus | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Echekratrides III. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Orestes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
family members
| supporting documents | Remarks | |
|---|---|---|
| Aleuas I. the redhead |
Aristotle , fragments 497–498 Pindar , Pythia 10. Plutarch , Moralia 492a – b = De fraterno amore 21. Claudius Aelianus , De Natura Animalium 8, 11. |
|
| Simos I. | Scholion on the idylls of Theocritus 16, 34. | Except for his paternity of Aleuas II, he is not known any further. |
| Echekratides I. | Pausanias 10, 16, 8. | Echekratides from Larisa donated a small statue of Apollo to the Sanctuary of Delphi as one of the first offerings at this place. |
| Aleuas II | Scholion on the idylls of Theocritus 16, 34. Pindar, Pythia 10. Herodotus 7, 130 and 9, 58. |
Except for his paternity of Thorax, Eusypylos and Thrasydaios, he is not known any further. A Euphorion (probably the poet) had collected information about him that is lost today. |
| Echekratia | Scholion on the Idylls of Theocritus 16, 36. Ovid , Ibis 1, 511. |
|
| Echekratides II. | Scholion on the idylls of Theokritos 16, 34. Epigram of Anacreon in Anthologia Palatina 6, 142. |
Son or grandson of Echekratides I, his wife was Dyseris of the Scopades. |
| Lattamyas | Plutarch , Moralia 866f = De malignitate Herodoti 33. | Named as the Thessalian leader ( Tagos ?). Is assumed to be an older son of Echekratides II. |
| Antiochus | Scholion on the idylls of Theokritos 16, 34. Aelius Aristides , Orationes 31, 2 = Simonides , in: PMG F528. Philostratos , Epistolae 73 = Aischines , Socraticus F22 |
His wife was Thargelia of Miletus . |
| Thorax, Eusypylos and Thrasydaios |
Pindar , Pythia 10. Herodotus 9, 1 and 58. |
During the campaign of Xerxes I. 480/479 BC The brothers were on the Persian side. |
| Echekratides III. and Orestes | Thucydides 1, 111, 1. | Echekratides III. is called "King of the Thessalians", which is to be understood as Tagos. His son Orestes lived in exile in Athens. |
| Simos II. |
Demosthenes , Kranzrede (18), 48. Aristotle , Politik 5, 1306a. |
Prince of Larisa and follower of Philip II of Macedonia in the middle of the 4th century BC. Chr. |
Possible other family members were:
- Medios, for the year 395 BC Mentioned as a dynast of Larisa ( Diodor 14, 82, 5).
- Philinna of Larissa , wife of Philip II of Macedonia.
- Medios of Larissa , an officer of Alexander the Great and admiral during the Diadoch Wars.
- Thorax of Larisa, a warrior of Antigonus I. Monophthalmos in the battle of Ipsos 301 BC. BC ( Plutarch , Demetrius 29, 5).
literature
- RJ Buck: The Formation of the Boeotian League , In: Classical Philology , Vol. 67 (1972), pp. 94-101. ( JSTOR )
- Hermann Diels and Walther Kranz (eds.): The fragments of the pre-Socratics , Berlin 1952 (Diels-Kranz).
- JS Morrison: Meno of Pharsalus, Polycrates, and Ismenias. In: The Classical Quarterly 36 (1942), pp. 57-78.
- DL Page (Ed.): Poetae Melici Graeci , Oxford 1962 (PMG).
- Valentin Rose (Ed.): Aristotelis qui ferebantur librorum fragmenta , Leipzig 1886 (AF) ( online )
- Elke Stein-Hölkeskamp : Aleuadai. In: The New Pauly (DNP). Volume 1, Metzler, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-476-01471-1 , Sp. 453-453.
- Johannes Toepffer : Aleuadai . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 1, Stuttgart 1893, Sp. 1372-1374.
- HD Westlake: Thessaly in the Fourth Century BC , 1935 ( OCLC 4878952 )
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Aristoteles , fragments 497–498, in: Valentin Rose (ed.): Aristotelis qui ferebantur librorum fragmenta , Leipzig 1886 ( online )
- ↑ a b Plutarch , Moralia 492a – b = De fraterno amore 21. ( English translation online )
- ^ RJ Buck: The Formation of the Boeotian League , In: Classical Philology , Vol. 67 (1972), p. 96 ( JSTOR )
- ↑ Aischines Socraticus , F22, in: Hermann Diels and Walther Kranz (eds.): The fragments of the pre-Socratic , Berlin 1952. 279 A 35.