Alexander Grigoryevich Chervyakov
Alexander Grigorievich Chervyakov ( Russian Александр Григорьевич Червяков , scientific. Transliteration Aleksandr Grigor'evic Červjakov ; born February 25, jul. / 8. March 1892 greg. In Dukora , Minsk province now Minsk ; † 16th June 1937 in Minsk ) was a high Belarusian party official and Soviet statesman.
Life
The Belarusian farmer's son Alexander Tscherwjakow graduated from the Vilnius Teachers Training Institute in 1915 , from the Moscow Alexandrov Military School in 1916 and served in the Imperial Russian Army until 1917 . In May 1917 he joined the CPSU , took part in the Bolshevik uprising in Petrograd and was one of the founders of the Belarusian Social Democratic Labor Party.
In the People's Commissariat for National Affairs of the RSFSR he was on February 13, 1918 People's Commissar for Belarusian Affairs and proclaimed together with other Belarusians on January 1, 1919 the Belarusian Socialist Soviet Republic (BSSR). The latter was replaced by the Lithuanian-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic just two months later . This state structure was smashed by the Poles in the Polish-Soviet War . Alexander Chervyakov held the office of People's Commissar for the formation of the Lithuanian-Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic until July 21, 1920.
In August 1920 the Poles lost Belarus. The BSSR was re-established, became a Union Republic of the Soviet Union in 1922 and remained so until 1991 . On December 30, 1922, Alexander Chervyakov became chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the BSSR - the highest body of state power in Belarus - and held office until his death.
After Alexander Tscherwjakow on the XVI. Was denounced as an enemy of the people at the Congress of the Belarusian Communist Party in June 1937, he committed suicide during a break from Congress because he was threatened with arrest. He left behind his wife Alexandra and their daughter Sofja.
Commemoration
- There is Chervyakov Street in Minsk.
- A memorial plaque is attached to his Minsk house.
- In Dukora, the middle school bears his name. A Chervyakov memorial was set up in the school.
literature
- Anatoly Rybakov : Years of Terror . Novel. German by Juri Elperin . 440 pages. Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag (dtv 11590), Munich 1992, ISBN 3-423-11590-4
Web links
- Ruslan Gorbachev on January 5, 2011: on Alexander Tscherwjakow's suicide at fightclub.by (Russian)
- On April 11, 2011, Ruslan Gorbachev interviewed the grandson, who is also called Alexander Chervyakov and runs a construction company: Illustrated article from "Solidarity" on gazetaby.com (Russian)
- biography
annotation
- ↑ The novel Years of Terror by Anatoly Rybakov is a narrative analysis of the Stalin Purges . In the 11th chapter of the novel, the reader learns something about the history of Alexander Tscherwjakow's suicide. Anatoly Rybakov writes: "On July 7, 1935, Stalin chaired the plenary session of the Constitutional Commission." (Rybakov, p. 123, 1. Zvo). The author echoes Stalin's thoughts during the session. Stalin considers Chervyakov present to be “unreliable” (Rybakov, p. 129, 6. Zvo) and thinks: “Everything that is potentially dangerous must be exterminated”. (Rybakow, p. 129, 17. Zvo)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Russian Dukora
- ↑ Russian ЦИК Белорусской ССР
- ↑ Russian entry at peoples.ru
- ↑ Belarus. Chervyakov Street
- ↑ Russian February 28, 2014: Entry at will-remember.ru
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Chervyakov, Alexander Grigoryevich |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Červjakov, Aleksandr Grigor'evič; Червяков, Александр Григорьевич (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Soviet statesman, Belarusian party official |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 8, 1892 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dukora , Minsk Governorate now Minsk Region |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 16, 1937 |
| Place of death | Minsk |