Barannikow made his international debut in the 1996/97 season in the Nordic Combined World Cup . Already at his first World Cup in Val di Fiemme he reached the points with rank ten. In the following season he was part of the squad in the B-World Cup of Nordic Combined , where he finished 55th overall with 19 points. Also for the 1998/99 season he started again in the B World Cup. Barannikow succeeded on December 10, 1998 at the sprint in Taivalkoski, the first victory in this series. In the following sprint in Otepää he was again on the podium in second place. In February 1999 he started at the Nordic World Ski Championships in Ramsau am Dachstein and reached 46th place in the individual. The B-World Cup season 1998/99 he finally ended as the best of his career in fifth place overall.
Barannikow remained in the B World Cup squad despite the success of the previous season. However, he could no longer build on the success of the previous season. In the Nordic World Ski Championships 2001 in Finland's Lahti he reached for a sixth place with Alexei Fadeev , Valeri Stoljarow and Denis Tischagin only a weak 50th place in the individual sprint in the team competition. On January 5, 2002, he succeeded in winning the team mass start competition at the B World Cup in Klingenthal , having previously finished fourth in the sprint. After he achieved a good performance in the individual with third place, he traveled with the Russian delegation to the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City . After he was able to reach place 23 in the individual, he finished tenth with the team in the team competition. In the summer of 2002 he started with little success in the Nordic Combined Grand Prix . Only in Berchtesgaden he reached the points as 28th. At the start of the 2002/03 season, Barannikow succeeded in third place in Steamboat Springs for the first time again a podium placement in the B World Cup. However, it subsequently remained the only top ranking of the year. At the Nordic World Ski Championships in 2003 in Val di Fiemme, he started for the first time in both individual disciplines as well as in the team competition. After a 35th place in the individual and ninth with the team, he finished 22nd in the sprint.
In the 2003/04 season Barannikow was used again for some competitions in the World Cup. However, he rarely managed to win World Cup points. In the end he was 58th in the overall World Cup ranking with just four points. He then started again in the B World Cup in winter 2004/05, with a seventh place in Lake Placid being the best individual result of the season. In the following season 2005/06 Barannikow started again in Ramsau in the World Cup, but remained without a point win. At his second and last Olympic Winter Games in Turin in 2006 , he was able to finish 29th in the individual competitions in Pragelato . In the sprint he finished 42nd place. The now 31-year-old was not nominated for the team competition. After the Olympic Winter Games, he retired from the international competitive stage, but remained active at the national level. In 2010 he came back to the B-World Cup, which has now been held under the name Continental Cup, but was unable to finish the race in Hinterzarten . In 2011 he finally resigned from competitive sports.
Between 2000 and 2005 he secured nine national championship titles, including six times in a row with the team between 2000 and 2005. He also took silver twice in the sprint and twice bronze in the individual.