Alexei Maximovich Kaledin
Alexey Kaledin ( Russian Алексей Максимович Каледин ; born October 12, jul. / 24. October 1861 greg. , † January 29 . Jul / 11. February 1918 . Greg in Novocherkassk ) was cavalry general of the tsarist army and the Russian Civil War of Leader of a Cossack uprising against the Bolsheviks in the Don region.
Life
Kaledin's military training included the Military School in Voronezh , the Mikhailovskoye Artillery School in Saint Petersburg (1882), and the General Staff Academy in 1889. From 1903 to 1906 he served as the head of the Military School in Novocherkassk . From 1906 to 1910 he was on the general staff of the Don Cossack Army. During the First World War , in 1914/15 he commanded the 12th Cavalry Division in the 8th and 9th Army in Galicia . From June 18, 1915 he was in command of the XXXXI. and from July 5th of the XII. Army Corps. On March 23, 1916, as the successor to General Brusilov , he took over command of the 8th Army , which he commanded during the Brusilov offensive in the summer of 1916 in the battle of the Styr and Kovel . Kaledin opposed the February Revolution and was relieved of his post because he did not comply with the demands of the Provisional Government to democratize the army. On June 17, 1917 Kaledin was elected ataman by the Don Cossacks .
On August 29, local authorities advised Prime Minister Kerensky to remove Kaledin and arrest him for propaganda against the government. Criminal proceedings were then initiated against him. The Cossacks did not accept this, however, but sent him to Mogilev for a personal interview with Kerensky.
On September 6, Kaledin defended General Kornilov from the Cossack High Command when the latter unsuccessfully launched a coup d'état against the provisional government. At the beginning of the October Revolution , Kaledin declared the Don Territory to be the control zone of the Cossacks until order was restored in Russia. This declaration marked the beginning of a short-lived counter-movement to the Bolsheviks. Kaledin, however , had underestimated the war weariness of the Cossacks returning from the world war. Finding little support and the Bolsheviks quickly crushing his movement, he committed suicide on February 11, 1918.
See also
literature
- К. А. Залесский: Кто был кто в Первой мировой войне [Who was who in the First World War]. АСТ, Москва 2003, ISBN 5-271-06895-1 .
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Kaledin, Alexei Maximowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Каледин, Алексей Максимович (Russian) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Russian general and Cossack ataman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 24, 1861 |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 11, 1918 |
| Place of death | Novocherkassk |