Alexis Le Veneur de Tillières

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General Alexis Paul Michel Tanneguy Le Veneur de Tillières

Alexis Paul Michel Tanneguy Le Veneur de Tillières (born September 28, 1746 in Paris , † May 26, 1833 at Carrouges Castle , Canton Carrouges ), Comte Le Veneur de Tillières, Seigneur de Carrouges was a French général de division and politician.

At the beginning of the French Revolution he only wrote himself Leveneur .

biography

Under Louis XV. and Louis XVI.

Carrouges Castle

Alexis Paul Michel Tanneguy Le Veneur de Tillières was the third and youngest son of Maréchal de camp Comte Jacques Tanneguy IV Le Veneur de Tillières and his wife Julie Bouchard d'Esparbez de Lussan d'Aubeterre de Jonzac, niece of Charles-Jean-François Hénault .

De Tillières began his military career in 1763 as a lieutenant in the Régiment d 'infanterie du Roi . On August 1, he was awarded the rank of lieutenant in the sea and on October 19, 1773 was appointed Colonel of the "Régiment provincial d'Abbeville" (Abbeville Provincial Regiment). On April 18, 1776 he was Colonel en seconde (Deputy Regimental Commander) of the Régiment d 'infanterie de Neustrie .

He was married to Henriette de Verdelin (1757–1834), daughter of the Marquise de Verdelin (1728–1810), who in turn was a pen pal of Jean-Jacques Rousseau , since June 15, 1778 .

The Viscount de Tillières was the founding brother of the Masonic Lodge "Loge régulière de St Jean de la Candeur à l'Orient de Paris" from 1777 , head of the seal and the archives, representative of the Lodge in Grand Orient de France (GODF) and Second Grand Master honorary the "Grand Orient de France".

On January 27, 1782 he was promoted to the Mestre de camp and on April 24 of the same year took command of the Régiment d 'infanterie de Lyonnais , with which he took part in the siege of Gibraltar . On January 1, 1784, he was promoted to the Brigadier d'infanterie and on March 9, 1788 to the Maréchal de camp.

On the eve of the revolution

According to the royal appointment (lettres patentes du Roi) of July 31, 1787 he was president of the provincial assembly of the "Département des villes de Falaise et de Domfront" then president of the provincial assembly of the "Département d'Alençon" by appointment of October 13, 1788 and had from March 17, 1789 chaired the assembly of the nobility of the Grand Bailliage . Even before the outbreak of the revolution, he advocated the abolition of noble privileges.

He was on 14 November 1789, the first mayor of the church parish of Sainte Marguerite de Carrouges and on July 2, 1790 chief administrator of the Orne department .

General in the Revolutionary Wars

In January 1792, he joined the ranks of the revolutionary army, where he "du Armée Center" under the April (Center Army) Gilbert du Motier de La Fayette was allocated and in May the command of the "2 e division" in Dun-sur -Meuse took over. Promoted to Général de division on June 19, 1792 , he led his division on the left wing of the army. On August 19, he left his post at the same time as La Fayette, but returned to the army on August 27 and was confirmed in his rank by Dumouriez . Leveneur then commanded the right wing of the Central Army in the cannonade of Valmy from September 19 and September 20 .

Le général Leveneur à Namur (November 1792)
General Leveneur at the siege of the Namur Citadel

On September 25, 1792 he was a troop leader in the 2 e armée (Armée des Ardennes) under Dillon and then in November under Jean-Baptiste-Cyrus-Marie-Adélaïde de Timbrune de Thiembronne . Here, in the defense of the fortress Thionville , he took the young officer Lazare Hoche under his wing and became his mentor.

On January 12th he became interim commander of the «Armée des Ardennes». He was involved in the siege of Maastricht (February 6 - March 3, 1793) and led the right wing of the Dumouriez army at the Battle of Neerwind on March 18. After Dumouriez's betrayal on April 3, which Leveneur refused to support, he left the army and was arrested in Neufchâtel-en-Bray from April 7 to April 25 .

On June 13, 1793 he was first division commander in the "Armée du Nord" and then from June 16 to July 28, Commander-in-Chief (Commandant en chef) of this army, which together with the "Armée des Ardennes" was under the command of Adam-Philippe de Custine stood.

As early as July 25, he was released as a nobleman from all his offices and was arrested on July 31 against his protest according to the arrest warrant (Décrété d'arrestation) of July 30, 1793. In December 1793 he had a command in the Moselle Army under General Hoche in command and forced the Prussian blockade of the Landau fortress to give up. (The chronological sequence of suspensions, indictments and acquittals is described differently in the sources. It is recorded that General Hoche probably campaigned successfully for Le Veneur several times.)

In May 1794, Général Leveneur was provisionally released and went to Carrouges. An arrest warrant of the Welfare Committee , he was arrested again on July 20 and placed under arrest since 24 July in Paris (Comité de salut public) of 15 July. He was released again on September 13th.

After his suspension was lifted on May 8, 1795, he was reinstated as a general and on June 2, 1795 he was given command of the "14 e division militaire"

On June 18, 1797, he was put up for disposal and retired on March 16, 1810.

First Empire, then under Charles X and under Louis-Philippe

In 1800 Leveneur became the first President of the General Assembly of the Orne (Conseil général de l'Orne), then, from 1808 to 1813, Deputy of the Orne in the Legislative Assembly and finally, in the Restoration , Deputy of the Orne in the Chamber of Deputies.

Général Leveneur died on May 26, 1833 at the age of 86 at his castle, Château de Carrouges.

Honors

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Alexis Le Veneur carried the title Vicomte de Tillières (also called Vicomte de Carrouges) for a long time, while his eldest brother Tanneguy carried the family title of Comte de Tillières. In June 1810 he was awarded the title of Comte Le Veneur by Napoleon. The title of Comte de Tillières fell to him in 1811 when his brother Tanneguy died without male descendants.
  2. ↑ probably an owner position
  3. ↑ Solène Cordier, La Candeur: une loge maçonnique au XVIIIe siècle , Paris, University of Paris I, mémoire de maîtrise, 2006
  4. ↑ It was, of course, a Catholic district
  5. ^ "Marie-Joseph Motier, Marquis de La Fayette" is the French spelling
  6. ↑ probably for the same reasons see ibid
  7. ^ Hippolyte Maze, Les généraux de la République. Kléber, Hoche, Marceau , Paris 1889, p. 103, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5553379x/f104.image.langDE
  8. ↑ H. Maze, Les généraux ... , p. 103, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5553379x/f104.image.langDE
  9. ↑ date unknown
personal data
SURNAME Le Veneur de Tillières, Alexis
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Le Veneur de Tillières, Alexis Paul Michel Tanneguy (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French division general and politician
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1746
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 26, 1833
Place of death Château de Carrouges, Canton of Carrouges