District court Oppenheim

The District Court of Oppenheim (until 1878: Oppenheim Peace Court ) was a court of ordinary jurisdiction with its seat in Oppenheim .

history

In 1792 the troops of revolutionary France conquered the Rhineland and also occupied Oppenheim. With a law of March 30, 1793, the National Convention decided to annex the left bank of the Rhine . On December 4, 1795 (44 frimaire IV), Rudler passed the law on administration and judicial organization in the four departments on the left bank of the Rhine . This made the French court constitution law Loi des 16 et 24 août 1790 sur l'organization judiciaire from 1790, which provided for the establishment of cantonal peace courts, also made binding for Oppenheim. However, this did not have any practical effects, as the First Coalition War was still ongoing and Bechtheim was not under French occupation at all at that time. It was not until 1797 that Oppenheim was occupied by the French again. The annexation of the Rhineland was confirmed in the Peace of Campo Formio in October 1797. In 1798 the French built up the administrative structures in the conquered areas and set up the Oppenheim Peace Court , which was responsible for the canton of Oppenheim . In 1801 the Justice of the Peace Braun worked as a single judge in Oppenheim. The peace court was subordinate to the department court in the department Donnersberg with seat in Mainz . The highest court was the court of appeal in Trier .

With the Treaty of Lunéville , the annexation of the left bank of the Rhine by France was confirmed. During the French era , the consulate passed a law on June 30, 1802, to introduce the French constitution and all administrative legislation in the annexed areas. With the Circumscription (circular) of January 28, 1803 ( 8. Pluviose XI ), the scope of the canton and thus the judicial district of the Magistrate's Court was finally established. The judicial district remained largely unchanged until 1878.

After the reconquest in the Wars of Liberation , the region was administered from 1814 to 1816 by the Austro-Baier Community Provincial Administration Commission . This let the peace courts exist, but on July 27, 1815 set up the court of appeal in Kreuznach as a higher court.

The Grand Duchy of Hesse , which Rheinhessen received as part of an area swap in 1816, also took over the structure of the courts in the province of Rheinhessen . However, the Court of Appeal in Kreuznach was dissolved and a provisional Higher Court in Mainz with the "Provisional Appeal and Cassation Court Regulations for the Grand Ducal Hessian part of the state on the left bank of the Rhine" issued on November 4, 1815.

The Oppenheim Peace Court was now one of twelve peace courts that were subordinate to the Mainz District Court . After the Mainz District Court was divided into the Mainz and Alzey District Courts on December 1, 1836, Oppenheim remained in the jurisdiction of the Mainz District Court. The German Revolution of 1848/1849 also led to the separation of the administration of justice in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . However, this did not affect the province of Rheinhessen, where this separation had already taken place during the French era.

The Courts Constitution Act of January 27, 1877 was introduced in the Grand Duchy of Darmstadt with the Grand Ducal Hessian Act of September 3, 1878 and the Implementing Ordinance of May 14, 1879. The Oppenheim Peace Court was converted into a district court on October 1, 1878. It was subordinate to the Mainz Regional Court and the Darmstadt Higher Regional Court , and after the establishment of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate in 1946 to the Mainz Regional Court and the Koblenz Higher Regional Court .

In 1972 the court was dissolved as part of the regional reform.

Courthouse

District Court building

In 1905, the Hessian Building Department in Mainz built the district court building at District Court Square 1. The architect Paul Kubo designed a castle-like, late-historic sandstone block building. It is a listed building . After the district court moved out, the building was used by the State Office for the Environment, Water Management and Trade Inspection . Since the end of 2017, after a 3-year search and renovation phase, the house has been operated as a hotel and event location.

literature

• Eckhart G. Franz , Hanns Hubert Hofmann, Meinrad Schaab: Court organization in Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria and Hesse in the 19th and 20th centuries . 1st edition. Academy for spatial research and regional planning, Hannover 1989, ISBN 3-88838-224-6 , p. 187-192 .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Werner Schubert: French law in Germany at the beginning of the 19th century, 1977, ISBN 341204976X , p. 23; The indication in the source contains an error: December 4, 1795 was the 13th Frimaire An IV . It is unclear which of the two days is the actual release date.
2. ↑ Historical-statistical yearbook of the Departements vom Donnersberge (journal volume 1800/01), pp. 170–174 digitized version ( memento of the original dated November 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (285 page (s) approx. 366.42 MB) 
3. ^ Resolution of the 9th Frimaire X, printed in the Bulletin LXXII of the collection
4. ↑ Hotel in Oppenheim - staying overnight, celebrating, getting married - old district court. Retrieved May 22, 2019 . 

Coordinates: 49 ° 51 '7.4 "  N , 8 ° 21' 7.4"  E