Amyl nitrate

Structural formula
General
Surname	Amyl nitrate
other names	Pentyl nitrate; Pentyl nitric acid; Amyl nitric acid;
Molecular formula	C 5 H 11 NO 3
Brief description	colorless to yellowish liquid with an ethereal odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	213-684-2
ECHA InfoCard	100.012.440
PubChem	61250
Wikidata	Q415199
properties
Molar mass	133.15 g · mol -1
Physical state	liquid
density	1.00 g cm −3
Melting point	−123 ° C
boiling point	153-157 ° C
Vapor pressure	0.4 kPa at 20 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water; soluble in organic solvents such as diethyl ether and ethanol;
Refractive index	1.4130 (at 25 ° C)
safety instructions
H and P phrases	H: 226-315-319
	P: 210-233-241-242-243-264-280-305 + 351 + 338-337 + 313-303 + 361 + 353-332 + 313-362-403 + 235-501
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

n- Amyl nitrate is an ester of amyl alcohol and nitric acid . Confusion with amyl nitrite should be avoided.

Manufacturing

Amyl nitrate can be chemically produced by esterifying nitric acid with 1-pentanol (common name: amyl alcohol). The result is a pear-like, fruity smelling oil. The vapors are poisonous and can easily lead to circulatory disorders if inhaled .

use

Like other nitric acid esters , it can be used as an ignition accelerator to improve the cetane number of diesel fuels.

Web links

Patent: Manufacture of amyl nitrate US 2618650 A

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on Amyl Nitrate at TCI Europe, accessed on February 28, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Richard P. Pohanish: Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens . William Andrew, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4377-7869-4 , pp. 3035 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ S. Gangolli, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain): The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects: AB . Royal Society of Chemistry, 1999, ISBN 978-0-85404-808-3 , pp. 304 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
^ Carl L. Yaws: The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals Physical Properties for More Than 54,000 Organic and Inorganic Chemical Compounds, Coverage for C1 to C100 Organics and Ac to Zr Inorganics . Gulf Professional Publishing, 2015, ISBN 978-0-12-801146-1 , pp. 83 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
^ Carl Schorlemmer: A Manuel of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds Or, Organic Chemistry . Macmillan, 1874, p. 162 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[TCI-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Entry on Amyl Nitrate at TCI Europe, accessed on February 28, 2017.

[Richard_P._Pohanish-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Richard P. Pohanish: Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens . William Andrew, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4377-7869-4 , pp. 3035 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[S._Gangolli,_Royal_Society_of_Chemistry_(Great_Britain)-3] S. Gangolli, Royal Society of Chemistry (Great Britain): The Dictionary of Substances and Their Effects: AB . Royal Society of Chemistry, 1999, ISBN 978-0-85404-808-3 , pp. 304 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

[Carl_L._Yaws-4] Carl L. Yaws: The Yaws Handbook of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Chemicals Physical Properties for More Than 54,000 Organic and Inorganic Chemical Compounds, Coverage for C1 to C100 Organics and Ac to Zr Inorganics . Gulf Professional Publishing, 2015, ISBN 978-0-12-801146-1 , pp. 83 ( limited preview in Google Book search).

[Carl_Schorlemmer-5] Carl Schorlemmer: A Manuel of the Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds Or, Organic Chemistry . Macmillan, 1874, p. 162 ( limited preview in Google Book search).