Angophora costata

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Angophora costata
Angophora costata

Angophora costata

Systematics
Order : Myrtle-like (Myrtales)
Family : Myrtle family (Myrtaceae)
Subfamily : Myrtoideae
Tribe : Eucalypteae
Genre : Angophora
Type : Angophora costata
Scientific name
Angophora costata
( Gaertn. ) Britten
Distribution of Angophora costata

Angophora costata is a species ofthe myrtle family (Myrtaceae). It occurs mainly on the coast of New South Wales , but also in Queensland and Victoria , and is called “Rusty Gum”, “Cabbage Gum”, “Sugar Gum”, “Red Gum”, “Sydney Red Gum”, “Apple” Gum ”,“ Smooth-barked Apple ”or“ Brown Apple Tree ”.

description

Trunk and bark
Inflorescence with flower buds and open flowers
Stalked, simple leaves and fruits

Appearance and leaf

Angophora costata grows as a tree that can reach heights of up to 30 meters. The bark is smooth, pink, gray or creamy white and peels off in small pieces.

In Angophora costata , heterophyllia is present. The simple leaves are always opposite to each other on the branches. The sitting leaves on young specimens have stiff, simple hair and bristly glandular hairs ( trichomes ). Your leaf blade is egg-shaped or elliptical with a length of up to 12.5 cm and a width of about 6.5 cm. On medium-aged specimens, the leaves are straight, entire and dull green. The leaves on adult specimens are divided into petiole and leaf blade. Your petiole is 10 to 25 mm long. Their simple, more or less bald leaf blade is 9 to 17 cm long and 2 to 3.5 cm wide and lanceolate with a pointed base of the blade and a pointed or pointed upper end. The top and bottom of the leaf are colored differently. The lateral nerves depart from the median nerve at close intervals at an obtuse angle. The cotyledons ( cotyledons ) are almost circular.

Inflorescence and flower

At the end of a 7 to 18 mm long, glabrous or stiffly haired inflorescence stem, several partial inflorescences stand in combined total inflorescences . The bare or stiffly hairy flower stalk is 4 to 10 mm long. The flower buds are egg-shaped or spherical with a length of 5 to 7 mm and a diameter of 5 to 6 mm. The hermaphrodite flowers are creamy white. The four sepals are reduced to four calyx teeth on the strongly ribbed flower cup (hypanthium). The petals have a length and a width of 3 to 4 mm.

Fruit and seeds

The stalked fruit is oval or bell-shaped with a length of 9 to 15 mm and a diameter of 12 to 15 mm and sometimes it also tapers towards the tip. The disc is dented. The fruit compartments are included. The kneecap-shaped seeds are regular and flattened, smooth and silk-matt red.

Occurrence

The main range of Angophora costata is along the coast of New South Wales , from Coffs Harbor to Bodalla and in the Blue Mountains . It also occurs sporadically in southeast and east Queensland and central Victoria. Angophora costata is widespread and locally common.

Angophora costata thrives mainly on deep sandy soils or sandy soils over sandstone .

Systematics

It was first published in 1788 by the German doctor and botanist Joseph Gärtner under the name ( Basionym ) Metrosideros costata Gaertn. in De Fructibus et Seminibus Plantarum , Volume 1, p. 171, Plate 34, Figure 2. The new combination to Angophora costata (Gaertn.) Britten took place in 1916 by the English botanist James Britten in the Journal of Botany, British and Foreign , Volume 54, S. 62. Other synonyms for Angophora costata (Gaertn.) Britten are Metrosideros fulgens Sol. ex Gaertn. , Angophora costata (Gaertn.) Britten var. Costata , Angophora lanceolata var. Hispida A. Gray and Eucalyptus apocynfolia (Salisb.) Brooker .

According to the Australian Plant Name Index 2006 there are two subspecies of Angophora costata ; R. Govaerts et al. In 2008, however, these are not recognized, but separate species:

  • Angophora costata subsp. euryphylla L.ASJohnson ex GJLeach , Syn .: Angophora europhylla (GJLeach) LASJohnson & KDHill , Eucalyptus europhylla (LASJohnson ex GJLeach) Brooker .
  • Angophora costata subsp. leiocarpa L.ASJohnson ex GJLeach , Syn .: Angophora leiocarpa (LASJonson ex GJLeach) KRThiele & Ladiges , Eucalyptus leiocarpa (LASJohnson ex GJLeach) Brooker .

use

Angophora costata is used as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical parks . It is not frost hardy and is not used as an ornamental plant in temperate latitudes. There are several varieties.

Well-known single copies

The Angophora Reserve in Avalon, a suburb of Sydney , was named after a large specimen of Angophora costata . It is said to have been around 300 years old and died off at the end of the 20th century.

The Angophora costata with the largest known trunk diameter (241 cm) is in Hobsonville near Auckland in New Zealand .

Individual evidence

  1. a b Specimen search results: Angophora costata at Australia's Virtual Herbarium. Council of Heads of Australasian Herbaria . Retrieved February 7, 2013
  2. a b c d APNI = Australian Plant Name Index . Center for Plant Biodiversity Research. Australian Government. Retrieved February 7, 2013
  3. a b c d e f g h i j K. Hill: Angophora costata (Gaertn.) Britten at New South Wales Flora Online . National Herbarium of NSW, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney. Retrieved February 7, 2013
  4. ^ Angophora costata at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed February 7, 2013.
  5. Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Angophora costata. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved February 7, 2013.
  6. Gordon Cheers (Ed.): Botanica. The ABC of plants. 10,000 species in text and images . Könemann Verlagsgesellschaft, 2003, ISBN 3-8331-1600-5 (therein page 95).
  7. Angophora Reserve. Pittwater Council, accessed February 7, 2013 .
  8. Tree Information / Single Tree Details. The New Zealand Tree Register, accessed February 7, 2013 .

Web links

Commons : Angophora costata  - Collection of images, videos and audio files