Anion exchanger 1
| Anion exchanger 1 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Properties of human protein | ||
| Mass / length primary structure | 911 amino acids | |
| Secondary to quaternary structure | multipass membrane protein | |
| Identifier | ||
| Gene name | SLC4A1 | |
| External IDs | ||
| Transporter classification | ||
| TCDB | 2.A.31.1.1 | |
| designation | Anion exchanger family | |
| Occurrence | ||
| Homology family | AE1 | |
| Parent taxon | Bilateral animals | |
The anion exchanger 1 (AE1) (also: Band 3 ) is a protein in the cell membrane of red blood cells and nephrons that catalyzes the transport of anions , in particular hydrogen carbonate and chloride, out of or into the cell . This makes AE1 a regulator of the acid-base balance in blood and urine. Other tissue types with AE1 are liver cells , skin epithelium , alveoli , lymphocytes , nerve cells and fibroblasts . Mutations in the SLC4A1 - gene are for the (rare) hereditary forms of spherocytosis , elliptocytosis and renal tubular acidosis responsible.
The transport equation is:
- Cl - (inside) + HCO 3 - (outside) = Cl - (outside) + HCO 3 - (inside)
Glucose and water are also accepted as substrates : Most of the glucose is absorbed via the glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1). This has a Km value of approx. 1.5 mM and is therefore highly affine for glucose.
AE1 is the protein responsible for the Diego , Swann and Froese blood group systems . AE1 is also the precursor of the senescent-cell antigen , a protein that is present on the membrane of aging cells and is recognized by the immune system . AE1 binds to MSP1 and is the entry point for the malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum . There are polymorphisms in the AE1 promoter that influence the severity of malaria disease.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b UniProt P02730 .
- ↑ a b Anion exchanger 1. In: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man . (English).
- ↑ TCDB : 2.A.31 .
- ^ RG Langdon, VP Holman: Immunological evidence that volume 3 is the major glucose transporter of the human erythrocyte membrane. In: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta . Volume 945, Number 1, November 1988, pp. 23-32, PMID 3179308 .
- ^ V. von Kalckreuth, JA Evans u. a .: Promoter polymorphism of the anion-exchange protein 1 associated with severe malarial anemia and fatality. In: The Journal of Infectious Diseases . Volume 194, Number 7, October 2006, pp. 949-957, doi : 10.1086 / 507430 , PMID 16960783 .