Anise club foot
| Anise club foot | ||||||||||||
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Anise clubfoot ( Cortinarius odorifer ) |
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| Cortinarius odorifer | ||||||||||||
| Britzelmayr |
The anise clubfoot ( Cortinarius odorifer ) is a type of fungus from the family of the veil relatives (Cortinariaceae).
The colors of the fruit bodies are based, among other things, on the substances phlegmacin and anhydrophlegmacin , which were first discovered in this mushroom and named after its subgenus Phlegmacium .
features
Macroscopic features
The fruiting bodies of the aniseed clubfoot have a variable color appearance. The 4–9 cm diameter hat is hemispherical when young with a rolled edge and later shields into a domed to flat shape. The removable hat skin is from copper-colored to red-brown on the outside, more rarely pink-red or also with purple or green tones and yellowish towards the edge. It is smooth, bare and, in damp weather, very slimy with a thick, transparent layer of mucus, shiny when dry. Younger fruiting bodies have yellow to yellow-green colored lamellae , which have grown straight to bulged, mixed in and almost crowded and have notched edges. They later change color from olive brown to rusty brown as the spores ripen . The spore powder is rusty brown in color. In the early stages of development there is a partial covering ( Velum partiale ), which is formed as a hair veil ( Cortina ), which later tears and becomes rust-brown from the spores. The full-fleshed stalk is 5–8 cm high, more or less evenly 1–2 cm thick with a bulbous, thickened, clearly copper-brown-edged base of up to 3.5 cm in diameter. The surface of the stem is pale yellowish to yellowish green. The yellowish to yellow-green, in the stem tuber almost pure yellow, firm meat ( trama ) smells distinctly of anise oil, tastes mild and turns bright dark red with lye ( potassium hydroxide , sodium hydroxide or ammonia solution).
Microscopic features
The spores measure 10-13 x 5-7 cm. They are almond to lemon-shaped and ornamented with large blacks .
Species delimitation
The bright yellow clubfoot ( Cortinarius splendens ) is a dangerous doppelganger, but has no aniseed smell.
Ecology and phenology
It grows in an ecto mycorrhizal symbiosis with old trees that are over 35 years old (so-called “late stage” fungus). It lives in water-rich coniferous forests with calcareous soils, preferably with spruce and, as is known, with silver fir and mountain pine . It is particularly widespread in the mountains and the foothills of the Alps and is absent in the lowlands. It fructifies between the beginning of August and the end of November.
meaning
It is edible and is valued as an edible mushroom .
Systematics and taxonomy
It belongs to the sub-genus of the mucous heads ( Phlegmacium ) in the genus of the veils ( Cortinarius ). In addition to the nominate form , the variety luteolus , the yellow aniseed clubfoot, is also described.
swell
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: The great cosmos mushroom guide. All edible mushrooms with their poisonous doppelgangers . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-440-08457-4 , pp. 378 .
- ↑ Hans E. Laux: Edible mushrooms and their poisonous doppelgangers . Collect mushrooms - the right way. Kosmos Verlags-GmbH, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-440-10240-4 , p. 47 .
- ↑ Markus Flück: Which mushroom is that? 3. Edition. Franckh-Kosmos Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-440-11561-9 , pp. 296 .
- ↑ Simon Egli: Cortinarius (Phlegmacium) odorifer Britz . Ecology, Biology and Ectomycorrhiza. 1990, doi : 10.3929 / ethz-a-000578039 .
