Anna Vladimirovna Nikulina

Anna Nikulina 1987 in Berlin (2nd from right)

Anna Wladimirowna Nikulina ( Russian Анна Владимировна Никулина ; born December 22, 1904 in Kardonikskaja [now Karachay-Cherkessia ]; † 1992 in Moscow ) was a soldier in the Red Army who last served in the rank of major. During the liberation of Berlin in 1945, Nikulina hoisted the red flag on the Reich Chancellery on the night of May 1st .

Life

Nikulina's father was chairman of a farmers' committee in Cherkessk after the October Revolution . During the Russian Intervention and Civil Wars, supporters of the White Army murdered their father and abused their mother and grandfather. As a result, Nikulina joined the Soviet Komsomol - the communist youth organization - as the first in her town . Here she rose to the position of district management. Later she studied at the State University of Saratov and the Rostov State University . Joining the party in 1925 was followed by her marriage to Nikolai Vinogradov, who was later murdered by opponents of collectivization . From then on, she held various posts in the CPSU .

Military career

Red Army soldiers stand in the destroyed Reich Chancellery on May 2, 1945

After the death of her husband, she began her training as a political officer with a degree in political and military science at Rostov University . She had military assignments as a political officer in Mozdok and the village of Angelinovskaia . In April 1945 she served as an instructor in the political department of the 9th Rifle Corps of the 5th Shock Army under Colonel General Nikolai Bersarin and was involved in the advance on the Reich Chancellery. After artillery pierced the walls of the Reich Chancellery, the first Soviet units penetrated the complex. With the assault groups of the Shapovalov battalion, Nikulina reached the building with the task of hoisting the red flag on the roof. Accompanied by a group of volunteers, "[she] [...] put the victory flag on the roof," sums up Major General d. R. Vladimir Antonov .

reception

In terms of military history, she is honored above all as a woman who had the symbolic task of carrying out the powerful hoisting of the Red Flag over the Reich Chancellery in the battles for Berlin.

The DEFA was at the 9th International Documentary Film Festival in Neubrandenburg that of Kurt Sea Oats and Klaus Ehrlich produced TV movie Major Anna , who deals with the historical events and life Niko Linas in Moscow.

For the British documentary series The World at War , Nikulina was interviewed in 1974 as a contemporary witness about the events in Berlin in 1945.

In the 1980s Nikulina was a guest of honor several times at the celebrations for the liberation from fascism in Berlin and took part in various positions as the representative of the Soviet Union .

In 1994 Bengt von zur Mühlen and Tony Le Tissier published in their book The Death Struggle of the Reich Capital that Nikulina had hoisted the red flag on the Reichstag building . The Berliner Zeitung reported this misinformation a year later. Klaus Kühnel wrote here:

“[...] the book 'The death throes of the capital city' recently published by Bengt von zur Mühlen - for example the [legend] of the raising of the red flag at the Reichstag. The truth is: all known recordings of this event were made; the first red flag on the Reichstag building was hoisted a woman, the Russian majoress Anna Vladimirova Nikulina. And actually it wasn't a flag in the usual sense, but a bed inlay that resourceful Red Army women had obtained. But the act of the majoress, which was certainly no less symbolic than the reproduced recordings, did not fit into the concept of Stalin, who had arranged the recordings. "

- Klaus Kühnel

Fonts

• Plamja w notschi (Пламя в ночи; flames in the night). Moscow 1982

literature

• Kazimiera J. Cottam: Nikulina, Anna Vladimirovna , in: Bernard A. Cook (Ed.): Women and War. A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present . ABC-Clio, 2006, ISBN 1851097708 , p. 431 f. ( Preview on Google Books )

Movies

• Major Anna (TV movie 1986)

Web links

• Short biography
• Anna Vladimirovna Nikulina in theInternet Movie Database(English)

credentials

1. ↑ Anna Vladimirovna Nikulina ( memento of March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) on: Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, May 12, 2010
2. ↑ Никулина Анна Владимировна - Исторический Черкесск. In: Tscherkessk - Encyclopedija. 2020 (Russian). 
3. ↑ Hero of the Immortal Regiment. Anna Nikulina. In: Novocherkassk State Technical University of South Russia . 2017 (Russian). 
4. ^ Bernard A. Cook: Women and War: A Historical Encyclopedia from Antiquity to the Present, ABC-Clio Inc 2006, p. 431
5. ^ How "Korchagins" from the GDR made good friends in Jefremow, in: Neues Deutschland, Fri. April 19, 1985, volume 40 / issue 92 / page 6
6. ↑ Wladimir Antonow: About the struggles for the fascist Reich Chancellery, in: Neues Deutschland, Saturday May 2, 1970, Volume 25 / Issue 120 / Page 6
7. ↑ Major Anna set the red flag on the Reich Chancellery, in: Neues Deutschland, Thursday May 2, 1985, Volume 40 / Issue 102 / Page 5
8. ↑ Wladimir Antonow: About the struggles for the fascist Reich Chancellery, in: Neues Deutschland, Saturday May 2, 1970, Volume 25 / Issue 120 / Page 6
9. ↑ Neues Deutschland, Sat. August 23, 1986, Volume 41 / Issue 199 / Page 7. Described here as a legendary act .
10. ↑ Moving portraits of unusual people, in: Neues Deutschland, Thursday October 16, 1986, Volume 41 / Issue 244 / Page 4
11. ↑ Neues Deutschland, Fri. May 10, 1985, Volume 40 / Issue 108 / Page 8.
12. ↑ Berliner Zeitung, Wed. May 14, 1986, Volume 42 / Issue 113 / Page 3
13. ↑ Neues Deutschland, Thursday October 5, 1989, Volume 44 / Issue 235 / Page 8
14. ↑ Michael S. Cullen: "The Banner of Victory" - 60 years ago today, Soviet soldiers hung the first red flag from the Reichstag, in: Berliner Morgenpost, April 30, 2005, No. 117, p. 9 / Department: Culture
15. ↑ Klaus Kühnel: "Storm" on the Bastille was just a wind, in: Berliner Zeitung of January 28, 1995 ( online ).
16. ↑ http://www.worldcat.org/title/plamia-v-nochi/oclc/013184831